The Double‐Edged Sword of Public‐Resource Dependence: The Impact of Public Resources on Autonomy and Legitimacy in Korean Cultural Nonprofit Organizations

As governments and nonprofit organizations build close partnerships for the provision of public services, they become interdependent in many ways. In particular, nonprofits' public‐resource dependence has significant implications for their behavior and decisions. By examining Korean cultural nonprofit organizations (CNPOs), this article posits a theoretical framework for the impact of public‐resource dependence on nonprofits' organizational autonomy and legitimacy. The empirical results of national survey data of Korean cultural nonprofits suggest that public‐resource dependence has a dual effect, reducing managerial autonomy while enhancing institutional legitimacy. Korean CNPOs seem to be constrained by public funding granted by both local governments and the central government, particularly in goal setting, resource allocations, and program choices. However, public funding also helps nonprofits earn institutional legitimacy through its reputation and recognition effects.     

20世纪五六十年代包产到户合法地位缺失的多维分析

在当代中国,执政党的指导思想、政治路线及相应的重大决策对社会的发展变迁具有决定性的意义。20世纪五六十年代,包产到户曾经一而再、再而三地兴起,但最终都沉寂下去。究其原因,从理论角度分析,包产到户在传统的社会主义理论中找不到相应的支撑;从经济角度分析,包产到户“有悖”于国家工业化的战略部署;从领导决策因素分析,包产到户没能取得全党特别是最高决策者的认同。     

关于中日"自治传统"的比较分析

近代中日两国在实行地方自治前,都存在着一定的“自治传统。”这种传统在日本日村落共同体,在中国日宗族自治、乡绅自治。但是虽然同为“自治”,实际上有着很大差别。这种差别也可谓是导致两国实行近代地方自治成败的重要原因之一。本文通过对中日“自治传统”在地方公选议会、地方公共财政的运营和地方公共团体法人化的过程中所起的不同作用进行比较分析,从而总结出中日“自治传统”具有的不同的特质。     

民俗的表演性:表演理论、活态传承与公共文化实践

表演理论是20世纪美国民俗学对于学界的重要贡献,其核心是"表演"和"语境"。在表演理论提出以后,民俗学经历了从关注文本向强调语境的转向,使得以差异性为基础的本真性再次成为学术研究的中心议题。然而,在随后以"语境"为中心的研究实践中,研究者们逐渐开始质疑本真性问题存在的逻辑合理性以及在实际民俗活动中的可操作性,研究重点也由此从辨析民俗事象的真伪,转变为讨论本真性背后的权力关系和文化政治。正是基于对"本真性"的祛魅,在当代非物质文化遗产保护的具体实践中,学术话语所追求的本真性与实际操作中的共享原则之间的矛盾,便因此而消解,这为当代公共民俗学实践提供了去语境化和再语境化的理论支撑和实操可能。在此,以行动认同为旨归的"表演"(形式)在"语境"(意义)的"式微"中重新凸显,实现了民俗传统的实践回归。     

Legitimacy and Public Policy: Seeing Beyond Effectiveness,Efficiency, and Performance

Studies of failure typically assess public policies through the lenses of effectiveness, efficiency, and performance. Here I wish to propose a further dimension to the evaluation and assessment of policy failure—legitimacy. The substantive elements of public policies and the procedural steps taken by authoritative decision makers during the policy cycle affect the perception of policy legitimacy held by both stakeholders and the public. In substantive terms, policy content should align with the dominant attitudes of the affected policy community and, ideally, the broader public. Procedurally, factors such as policy incubation, the emotive appeals deployed to gain support for an initiative, and the processes of stakeholder engagement shape the legitimacy of public policies and the governments who promote them. This argument is based on a comparison of education reform in two Canadian provinces during the 1990s. Governments in Alberta and Ontario pursued common agendas of education reform, but while Alberta achieved success, the Ontario government experienced a series of setbacks and lost the support of education stakeholders and the public. The root of Ontario's failures lies in the realm of legitimacy. These findings highlight the fact that the strategies used for enacting policy change may fail to bring about the necessary consensus among societal actors to sustain a new policy direction and calls attention to our need to better understand how governments can achieve meaningful public participation while still achieving legislative success in an efficient fashion.     

近代早期的国际竞争与财政动员:关于西荷与英法的比较研究

在16—18世纪西方各国的竞争中,财政动员能力对竞争的走势起着决定性的作用。财政动员主要包括税收和公债两个相互联系的方面。考察尼德兰革命期间的联省共和国和西班牙、18世纪的英国和法国的财政史可以发现,各国的政治—社会结构对财政动员的效率产生了不同的影响,这体现在税收体制的合理性和公债信用之上,而公债信用之优劣也直接反映在公债利率上。相比而言,英国与联省共和国的政治制度使其税收更具合法性基础并提升了其公债信用,从而能够更好地动员民间财政资源;西班牙和法国王权受制于其政治—社会结构,在国际竞争中受其低效的财政动员的拖累。     

规制缓和、结构调整与竞争效率——中日韩电力体制改革比较

本文以中国、日本、韩国电力体制改革实践为比较对象,从改革的起点、目标的选择、引入竞争的方式、电力监管、电力民营化、改革的成效几个角度进行了分析,力求得到一些对深化中国电力市场化改革有意义的启示。     

高层管理团队组成特征与饭店绩效关系的实证研究——以湖南、广东省中高档星级饭店为例

高层管理者作为企业的重要资源之一,备受研究者们的关注。国内关于饭店企业高层管理者方面的研究非常少见。本文在高层梯队理论的指导下,提出高层管理团队组成特征与饭店绩效关系的一系列理论假设,并以我国广东和湖南的114家星级饭店作为样本进行验证。研究结果表明,我国星级饭店企业高层管理团队的组成特征均值对企业绩效有影响,高层管理团队的平均受教育程度越高、平均团队任期越长,饭店企业的绩效越好;高层管理团队组成特征异质性对饭店绩效没有显著影响。     

顾客期望管理及其对旅行社员工认同感、胜任感、责任感的影响——以广州为例

本文从员工角度对广州两家大型旅行社的顾客期望管理措施进行调查,通过实证研究的方式深入分析顾客期望管理的构成因素,并在此基础上探讨了顾客期望管理措施对员工的企业认同感、工作胜任感、工作责任感的影响。研究结果表明：顾客期望管理由评估与分析顾客需求、培训和激励员工、给予顾客正确期望等3个因子构成;顾客期望管理措施对员工的企业认同感、工作胜任感、工作责任感有显著的影响。     

Commoner Power: A Case Study from the Classic Period Collapse on the Oaxaca Coast

This article argues that the agency of commoners has not been adequately theorized in archaeological studies of the political dynamics of complex societies. Recent developments in social theory emphasize that political relations are produced through social negotiations involving commoners as well as elites. This paper considers the role of commoners in the Classic period collapse in the lower Río Verde Valley, Oaxaca, Mexico. Regional survey and excavation data demonstrate that the Classic-to-Postclassic transition was marked by dramatic changes in settlement patterns and sociopolitical organization, including the decline of the Late Classic regional center of Río Viejo. The research indicates that rather than passively reacting to the sociopolitical developments of the Classic-to-Postclassic transition, commoners actively rejected many of the ruling institutions and symbols that were central to the dominant ideology of the Late Classic state. Early Postclassic people reused and reinterpreted the sacred spaces and objects of the Río Viejo state such as carved stone monuments and public buildings. The evidence from the lower Verde is examined in the context of an emerging theoretical perspective in archaeology that considers commoner power. We argue that commoners contribute to the social negotiation of dominant discourses through three overlapping forms of social interaction: engagement, avoidance, and resistance.     

关于侨乡优势的思考——广东潮州大吴村旅外乡亲捐资公益事业调研报告

广东省潮州市是著名侨乡.长期以来,旅外乡亲对家乡公益事业进行了无私的捐资.这些捐资促进了家乡的发展,也成为潮州的一大侨乡优势.本文以大吴村为个案,分析旅外乡亲捐资的情况,总结旅外乡亲捐资成功的大致模式,同时对这一侨乡优势所出现的问题进行初步探讨.     

清末城市自治思想及其对近代城市发展的影响

清末,一些有识之士发现城市自治制度是西方民主政治的基础性结构后,自觉地将实现民主政治的愿望寄托在争取城市自治之上。清末地方自治的实践主要侧重于城市进行,使城市自治运动实质上成为地方自治运动的主体。政治民主化城市优先发展的思路由此初露端倪,并且成为近代城市在政治层面发展的主线,影响着近代城市的发展走向。城市自治思想使近代城市的发展具有以追求实现民主政治为目标指向的主观精神动力。     

基于多案例扎根分析的旅游者-目的地品牌关系研究

本文运用多案例扎根分析方法,通过收集与分析旅游目的地网上评论帖子,以品牌关系理论和目的地营销理论为依据,基于驱动因素、关系质量维度、关系影响3个维度构建了旅游者-目的地品牌关系概念模型。研究发现：消费情境、目的地认知形象、目的地个性和旅游者感知价值是旅游者-目的地品牌关系形成的驱动因素;旅游者-目的地品牌关系质量涵盖了旅游者满意和目的地依恋两个维度;旅游者-目的地品牌关系对旅游者行为的影响主要表现在目的地态度忠诚上。在此基础上,本文提出了目的地品牌建设的相关策略建议。     

旅游活动中文化的真实性与表演性研究

本从舞台化的化对旅游与社区居民的影响角度,对旅游活动中化的舞台表演性与真实性进行了研究,并对旅游活动中化的舞台表演性与真实性的发展趋势做了分析。     

宛西自治"三自主义""理论群体"初探

彭禹廷作为“自卫”、“自治”、“自富”“三自主义”自治理论的创立,不仅在家乡镇平率先示范,而且还倡导、推动宛西地区联防自治。虽其本人不幸遇害,但自治并未“人亡政息”．而是继续下去并有所发展。穷其原因,有赖“三自主义”“理论群体”的努力和贡献．     

Building Bridges Through Performance and Decision‐making: Schools,Research and Public Engagement

Abstract: This paper uses the impact agenda in the UK to realign debate about the relationship between schools, universities and (human) geography. It positions this debate in systemic tendencies within UK higher education. It argues that, whilst impact can be seen as a further instance of neoliberalism, emphasising the gap between accountability and accounting allows an identification with communicative and reflexive knowledge and, more broadly, critical praxis. The paper draws on a year‐long research‐based collaboration with school teachers and their students involving performance work and the development of decision‐making curriculum materials. It argues that working in these ways with schools can provide the basis for public engagement partnerships between schools and universities and a means to constitute diverse research publics. In these ways, it is argued, a wider sense of impact can be reappropriated, to reclaim the critical subject and to constitute academic value     

地方自治与近代江南县以下行政区划的演变——兼论商业市镇的政区实体化

随着清末民国地方自治运动的展开,以及国家对基层自治区域划分的制度设计的不断变化,近代江南县以下的基层行政区划经历了一个由清末"城镇乡制"向民国初期的"市乡制"、1928年的"市乡街村制"、1929年的"区镇乡闾邻制"、1934年后的"区镇乡保甲制"转变的历史过程。与此同时,传统的商业市镇也逐步完成了由依附走向独立、由支离走向完整的政区实体化过程。     

18-19世纪的市场争夺:行帮、社会与国家——以巴县档案为中心的考察

本文通过清代巴县档案提供的诉讼案例再现了巴县行帮在自身组织化、市场争夺、行业规范中的作用,分析巴县脚力行帮组织化过程中官府、行帮成员以及由夫头等组成的"第三领域"之间的互动关系,揭示行帮与国家在城市地方社会建构中的作用。