A MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF REMAINS OF TEXTILES MADE FROM PLANT FIBRES

Summary. Plant fibres in textiles from the following sites were investigated and those not already identified as flax were identified as such: Tybrind (Mesolithic Denmark)-unidentified; Çatal Hüyük (Neolithic Turkey); the Kerma civilization of Nubia (2000 BC); Kings Road, Guernsey (Iron Age) (mineralised cloth), and eighteenth-century England. Some Bronze Age nettle fabric from Denmark was examined.
The Scanning Electron Microscope provided an invaluable aid to identification, particularly in the mineralised material. Fibre diameter measurements in the form of distributions, like those used with wool, also assisted identification, but no evolutionary changes with time were evident in these. It was possible also to make such measurements on SEM photomicrographs of the mineralised fibres.     

河南邓州八里岗遗址出土仰韶时期动物遗存研究

目 次 一 居址中的动物遗存 二 墓葬与祭祀坑中的猪下颌骨分析 三 结论 八里岗遗址位于河南邓州市区东约4公里的白庄村北,该遗址是南阳地区一处重要的新石器时代遗址.该遗址出土了丰富的仰韶、屈家岭和石家河等文化的动物遗存,并发现少量前仰韶时期的动物骨骼.本文主要通过仰韶文化时期动物遗存和前仰韶时期动物遗存的研究,探讨这一时期的生业和葬仪等问题. 八里岗遗址出土的仰韶文化时期动物遗存主要分为两类.第一类出土于地层、灰坑和房址中,这类遗存与人类日常生活密切相关,性质上属于"生活垃圾",与人类的生业活动直接相关,在一定程度上反映了仰韶时期的动物生业模式,包括人类获取动物资源的种类与方式、家猪饲养状况等.第二类集中出土于墓葬和祭祀坑中,一般认为此类遗存与人们的仪式性活动密切相关,反映了动物的社会意义或文化意义,八里岗遗址此类遗存十分丰富,墓葬和祭祀坑中出土了大量猪下颌骨,为探讨猪在仪式性活动中的作用以及仰韶时期家猪饲养状况提供了契机.     

A PROVENANCE STUDY OF THE GILGAMESH FRAGMENT FROM MEGIDDO

A Late Bronze Age fragment of a clay cuneiform tablet with the Gilgamesh Epic was found in the 1950s on the surface at Megiddo. The presence of scribes in Megiddo is evident from the el‐Amarna letters. This is the only first‐class literary Mesopotamian text ever to be found in Canaan. The aim of the present study was to examine the origin of this tablet, by mineralogical and elemental methods. The petrographic and NAA results indicate that the tablet was not Mesopotamian, but was written in southern Israel. The implications of this result in view of the small corpus of scholarly cuneiform texts discovered in Egypt and the southern Levant in the second millennium bce are discussed.     

三代时期出土柄形玉器研究

目次一柄形玉器的发现二柄形玉器的类型及其特征三关于柄形玉器的几个问题四结论夏商西周时期是中国玉器发展的成长阶段,随着各地之间的文化交流不断加强,玉器风格也趋于一致并不断创新。制玉工艺技术的进步大大提高了玉器制品的数量与质量,对后世影响深远的玉器礼制也完备于这一时期。柄形玉器是三代玉制品中出土数量最多的器形之一,大多呈扁平长条形,下端多有短而薄的榫,有的榫上有孔,由于用途不清楚,过去有人称之为琴拨、玉拨子。后来以其形似器柄     

METALLOGRAPHIC STUDY OF IRON ARTEFACTS FROM THE EASTERN TRANSVAAL,SOUTH AFRICA

The microstructures of two adzes, two hoes and a spear point from Iron Age settlement sites in the Kruger National Park have been examined. Electron microprobe analyses of the slag inclusions were also made. Some of the objects are made of high carbon steel while others have a highly variable carbon content. All appear to have been forged at relatively low temperature and then annealed at a low temperature near 700°C. None have been hardened by quenching and tempering. Some of the objects contain only traces of included slag while others have large slag inclusions. The slag compositions are quite different from those of medieval bloomery slags and are representative of African iron smelting practice in their high content of CaO, K₂ O and Na₂O. On the basis of the titanium content of the included slag, two of the objects are identified as made of the ore from Rooiwater and one from Phalaborwa ore.     

对南京通济门草场圩萧梁铸钱遗存的整理

一、序言1 935年冬 ,江南铁路公司在中华门外绕通济门达光华门一线修筑铁路。施工过程中 ,因在中和桥西南草场圩取土 ,出土了大量萧梁时期的五铢钱土范 ,是为迄今所知六朝铸钱遗物的首次发现 ,具有重要意义。但由于古董商与附近村民私挖滥掘 ,以致出土钱范流失殆尽 ,给学术研究工作造成了难以挽回的损失。上述经古董商售出的钱范 ,多为沪上钱币收藏家郑家相所收 ,遂有编纂《梁五铢土范图说》之议 ,并于民国二十六年夏 ,制成泉图铜模 ,拟委托军法司监狱署刷印。未果 ,寻将《梁五铢土范图说叙言》刊于《泉币》总第 7期 ,广为流传。在此文中 ,…     

基于“推—拉”理论的美国旅游者旅华流动影响因素研究

"推—拉"理论是研究人口流动的一种基础理论,可以有效地解释游客流动。本文从推—拉理论的视角,运用因子分析、单因素方差分析和皮尔逊相关分析等方法对美国来华旅游者的流动影响因素进行研究,得到的主要结论有:(1)明确了美国来华旅游者推力维度和拉力维度的各个因子;(2)检测了推拉维度的各因子受社会人口统计学变量的影响;(3)测度了推拉维度各因子之间的相互关联性及影响因素。研究成果对指导我国针对主要入境旅游客源国进行的产品开发和市场营销具有一定的实践价值,同时也拓展了对影响旅游流流动各因素之间关系研究的范畴。     

PROVENANCE STUDY OF MARBLE ARTEFACTS FROM THE ROMAN BURIAL AREA OF FASCHENDORF (CARINTHIA,AUSTRIA)*

Numerous marble artefacts were among the extraordinary findings excavated at the Roman burial area of Faschendorf (Carinthia, Austria). The provenance of marble objects, particularly in the Roman provinces, is mostly unclear. Predominantly Mediterranean marbles have been used, but there are also some marble occurrences in the eastern Alpine regions that were exploited in those times. Besides a mineralogical–petrographic analysis, grain‐size evaluation in particular, and the determination of carbon and oxygen isotopes allow an effective characterization of the Faschendorf materials. Their provenance from the Gummern Marble complex in Carinthia is very likely.     

HUMAN MOBILITY AT THE EARLY NEOLITHIC SETTLEMENT OF VAIHINGEN,GERMANY: EVIDENCE FROM STRONTIUM ISOTOPE ANALYSIS*

As evidence concerning human mobility during the transition to agriculture in central Europe, we present the results of strontium isotope analysis of human skeletons from the Neolithic village of Vaihingen, Germany. We find significantly more ‘non‐local’⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values from humans buried in a Neolithic ditch surrounding Vaihingen than from those buried within the settlement. These results fit with previous studies showing a correlation between burial circumstances and strontium isotope signatures from LBK cemeteries of southwestern Germany ( Price et al. 2001 ; Bentley et al. 2002 ). A pilot study of Neolithic animal teeth from Vaihingen suggests that either ‘local’⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr signatures were more variable than the analysed human bones suggest, or that these domestic animals themselves were mobile, perhaps ranged by mobile pastoralists.     

SAP，从爱开始

Massage在泰国清迈的文华东方酒店出现了。在我于由数十名清迈民间工匠手工雕刻出来的Spa馆里做完一次THAI Massage之后,我不得不承认,东南亚人已经赋予了Spa太多的意义,尽管,这里并不是Spa的鼻祖。     

SPA，从爱开始

Massage在泰国清迈的文华东方酒店出现了。在我于由数十名清迈民间工匠手工雕刻出来的Spa馆里做完一次THAI Massage之后,我不得不承认,东南亚人已经赋予了Spa太多的意义,尽管,这里并不是Spa的鼻祖。     

ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE STUDY OF WHITE MARBLES FROM THARROS (SARDINIA): A REAPPRAISAL OF THE TECHNIQUE,POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITATIONS*

The characterization of various samples of white marble from the archaeological site of Tharros (Sardinia) is the starting point for the reexamination of the capabilities of electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy as a tool for identifying the quarries of origin of ancient marble artefacts. Existing methods and data bases are employed for the assignment of our samples, but also reviewed to see if a more extensive use of the technique is feasible. It turns out that ESR spectroscopy, coupled with other available methods, may readily provide valuable information, often yielding the final answer to the problem of marble provenance. However, it is also clear that much work has still to be done to standardize the data collection and analysis procedures and to expand the available data base.