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1.
朝鲜战争爆发前,中国军队中的一大批朝鲜族官兵先后返回朝鲜。这些官兵大都是自近代以来尤其是日本吞并朝鲜以来,从朝鲜半岛迁入中国东北的朝鲜族。特殊的历史环境造就了这些朝鲜族具有双重国籍的特性,也构成了战后朝鲜族部队形成、改编和回国的复杂背景。他们返回朝鲜,看似孤立的历史事件,但它源于自近代以来朝鲜半岛向中国移民的历史,源于中朝两国人民携手反抗日本侵略的武装斗争史,更源于战后初期在特殊历史背景下展开的中国共产党与朝鲜的关系。某种意义上讲,它是这种错综复杂的历史渊源关系发展的必然结果。 相似文献
2.
对日和约与朝鲜停战谈判 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
朝鲜战争的爆发迫使美国最终确定了单独媾和的对日和约新方针,并且期待战局好转而实现对日媾和;美国为了阻止中国出席旧金山会议,在对日和约签订之前采取了拖延谈判的策略;旧金山会议后美国急于停战,而因对日和约在远东陷入困境和被动局面的苏联和中国却决心在停战谈判中坚持强硬的和不妥协的立场,以便在朝鲜战场吸引和消耗美国的力量。这就是在冷战大背景下对日和约与朝鲜停战谈判之间的微妙关系。 相似文献
3.
Dane J. Cash 《国际历史评论》2013,35(3):395-418
In the pages of the United States’ leading political-opinion journals, different ideological camps had very different answers to the issues raised by the outbreak of war in Korea in the summer of 1950. Left liberals placed a great deal of blame for the outbreak of war on South Korean President Syngman Rhee, while conservatives and hawkish liberals used the occasion to lambast President Truman and Secretary of State Acheson. Hawkish liberals welcomed the possibility of a global showdown with Communism, while conservatives disapproved of US intervention in Korea for reasons both political and constitutional. In sum, the debate that dominated the pages of US opinion journals in the first weeks and months of the Korean War was both heated and robust, and exposes the ideological fault lines of the early cold war. To wit, hawkish liberals held positions that anticipated the birth of neoconservatism some two decades later. And conservative voices utilised their newfound platforms in The Freeman and The American Mercury to attack the Truman administration on a whole host of foreign-policy issues, revealing in greater detail than has previously been shown the role that international affairs played in the birth of the New American Right. 相似文献
4.
风雪战勤——忆抗美援朝战争的后勤保障 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
党中央决定出兵朝鲜后 ,我为东北军区后勤司令部政委 ,负责组建战勤保障系统和调配干部的工作。由于这次出国作战是直接面对高度现代化的美国军队 ,前线的供应不能像在国内时那样由敌人提供 ,而是全要靠国内运送 ,因此需要建立可靠的后勤保障体系。针对后勤工作中出现的诸多新情况和新问题 ,我三赴朝鲜 ,了解新形势下志愿军对后勤工作的要求 ,组织发动干部群众往前线抢运食品、武器装备等物资 ,调配干部以加强前线的后勤保障能力 ,并及时总结工作经验 ,使志愿军的后勤供应有了较大地改 相似文献
5.
论澳大利亚参与朝鲜战争的原因 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从外交演进的轨迹来看,澳大利亚参与朝鲜战争是谋求在地区乃至国际性事务中发挥积极建设性作用,并树立英联邦国家的自主外交形象。广义地分析,澳大利亚参加朝鲜战争是西方资本主义阵营对社会主义阵营采取的敌对行动。从狭义的角度来理解,澳大利亚参与朝鲜战争是为了消弥澳大利亚与美国之间的分歧,密切与美关系,其最终目的就是为建立澳美同盟创造条件。 相似文献
6.
上甘岭战役后 ,中共中央对朝鲜战争的前途和美国可能采取的方针及军事行动进行了分析后一致认为在停战谈判搁浅、美国在正面战场已没有什么大作为的情况下有可能实施大规模的侧后登陆 ,在充分研究总体形势和敌我力量对比后 ,为掌握战略上的主动权中共中央、中央军委做出了反登陆作战准备的重大决策。本文分析了反登陆作战准备决策形成过程 ,阐述了反登陆作战准备行动过程及这一决策的重大意义 相似文献
7.
Zhihua Shen 《Frontiers of History in China》2007,2(1):88-108
The outbreak of the Korean War caused the U.S.A. to become determined in excluding the People’s Republic of China (PRC) from
the Treaty of Peace with Japan, the signing of which is hoped to be hastened by winning the Korean War. Before the signing
of the treaty, the U.S.A. intentionally delayed the Korean truce negotiations in order to prevent the PRC from attending the
San Francisco Peace Conference. After the signing, the U.S.A. preferred an immediate cessation of hostilities in Korea, whereas
the Soviet Union and the PRC, bogged down in the Far East by the terms of the treaty, were determined to take a hard-line
stance, hoping that the U.S.A. would become tied down and drained on the Korean battlefield. Thus, there was a subtle relationship
between the treaty and the negotiations in the context of the Cold War.
Translated by Chen Dan from Shixue Jikan 史学集刊 (Collected Papers of History Studies) 2006, (1): 66–75 相似文献
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斯大林、毛泽东与朝鲜战争再议——根据俄国档案文献的最新证据 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由于档案文献的缺失,历史的链条往往是断裂的,即使在朝鲜战争这一冷战国际史研究中最热门的领域,情况依然如此。本文依据近几年最新解密和披露的档案文献,把过去十几年有关朝鲜战争研究中断开的历史环节连接起来,使人们对于这段历史真实能够有一个比较连贯和完整的了解。这包括中苏两国领导人在战前对实现朝鲜统一的途径的认识,中国军队中第二批朝鲜族部队回国的情况,苏联代表在战争初期没有及时返回联合国安理会的真正考虑,斯大林与周恩来黑海会谈的结果,以及斯大林出尔反尔、拒绝出动空军配合志愿军赴朝作战的背后原因等等。 相似文献
10.
建国初期 ,随着朝鲜战争的发展 ,我国国防战略在不断变化。本文着重论述了把以解放台湾为最终目标的积极进攻战略转为在东南沿海地区实行防卫战略的变化与积极防御战略形成的问题 相似文献
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抗美援朝战争与中国建设大后方国防战略思想的形成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一个国家战略后方物质和精神力量的强弱程度对战争的胜负产生着决定性的影响。本文主要阐述了中国在抗美援朝战争中认识到加强战略后方建设的重大意义 ,并通过战争实践及战后形成的军事战略态势逐步形成了独具特色的中国建设大后方国防战略思想。 相似文献
13.
抗美援朝战争的特殊性决定了其政治与军事的互动作用与以往战争相比更有特殊性的表现 ,如政治对军事的主导作用增强 ;军事行动所追求的目标已不再是以全歼敌人并摧毁国家机器为目的的全面胜利 ,而是在力争维护国内国际和平前提下取得打退敌人有限胜利等。由于这些特殊性 ,使我党在以政治和军事互动作用为基础的抗美援朝的战略决策上有得有失 相似文献
14.
Sun Weiguo 《中国历史研究》2019,52(1):76-100
AbstractThe Ming History (明史 Mingshi) by Qing official historians took more than 90 years to complete, and Wan Sitong's 萬斯同 Draft Ming History (明史稿 Mingshi gao), Wang Hongxu's 王鴻緒 Draft Ming History, and the Ming History palace edition overseen by Zhang Tingyu 張廷玉 were the most important histories of the Ming over its different stages of compilation. Wan Sitong gave much attention to the writing of history in the biographies from the Wanli Korea Campaign, Wang Hongxu did not give them much attention, and Zhang Tingyu repudiated and even negated them. In Zhang Tingyu's Ming History, the Annals of Shenzong (神宗本紀 Shenzong benji) set the tone of repudiating the Korea campaign. Due to their clan, the Bozhou Campaign (播州之役 Bozhou zhiyi), or the Liaodong Incident (遼東事變 Liaodong shibian), nearly none of the Ming generals from the eastern expedition to Korea were given biographies due to their participation in the Korean War. The History of the Choson (朝鮮傳 Chaoxian zhuan) gives a negative evaluation that denies or undervalues relevant people and battles. On the one hand, this was due to the influence of historical sources. Due to Yang Gao’s 楊鎬 responsibility for defeat in the Battle of Saerhu 薩 爾 滸 之 役, the compilers of the Veritable Records of Ming Shenzong (明神宗實錄 Ming Shenzong shilu) followed the account of Ding Yingtai 丁應泰 in their records and denied the accomplishments of Yang Gao and the Ming army in Korea. On the other hand, due to real political needs, as the commanders of the eastern expedition to Korea later became the military rival of the Later Jin in Liaodong, an attitude of denial had to be adopted against them to create legitimacy for the Qing dynasty. These were the two main factors that determined the way in which the Qing official Ming History wrote the history of the Wanli Korean War. 相似文献
15.
毛泽东、周恩来领导朝鲜停战谈判的决策轨迹 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
作者根据自己的亲身经历回忆了毛泽东、周恩来领导朝鲜停战谈判的决策过程。从第一次会谈的停战三原则到毛泽东、周恩来提出解决各项议程的整体设想到后来的“一动不如一静” ,反映了在毛泽东和周恩来等老一辈无产阶级革命家领导下的中国人民同妄图称霸世界的美帝国主义之间进行的长期的军事和外交交织着的斗争过程 相似文献
16.
英国宣布承认新中国之后,以帮助新中国进入联合国作为推动两国外交关系的突破口,并试图影响美国的态度。执政党的民主社会主义理念、对于中国革命与前途的认知及对美国对华政策的负面印象使英国政府力图奉行独立的对华政策。随着冷战的升级,朝鲜战争的爆发,联合国席位问题复杂化。美国日益强硬的态度及英国在西欧防务问题上对美国的依赖,使英国违心屈服于美国的压力,但在某种程度上英国仍是打破冷战阵营的潜在力量之一。 相似文献
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Yu Xue 《Frontiers of History in China》2014,9(2):280-305
A great deal of research on the Korean War has focused on the military, politics, economy and international affairs, and far less on the religious, particularly the Buddhist, perspective. The Korean War exerted a tremendous impact on institutional Buddhism, and consequently Buddhists were heavily involved. This paper examines the history of Chinese Buddhist participation in the "Resisting America and Assisting Korea Campaign" from Buddhist perspectives such as political propaganda, material donations especially the donation of the "Chinese Buddhist Airplane," and the enlistment of young monks into the People's Volunteer Army (the PVA). The paper will then look into social and political factors involved in Buddhist leaders' reinterpretation of Buddhist doctrines to justify participation in the campaign, as a response to the surge of patriotism in Chinese society. This kind of investigation may shed light on the relationship between institutional Buddhism and politics in the new socialist society of China after 1949. 相似文献
19.
中国海峡两岸的分裂是冷战时期遗留的问题,也是朝鲜战争的一个后遗症。朝鲜战争爆发导致美国直接派兵进入朝鲜,招致美国插手台湾事务,再度在政治、军事与经济上援助蒋介石,全面卷入中国内战。朝鲜战争爆发和美国介入中国台湾问题,与海峡两岸长期分裂有着直接的因果关系。 相似文献
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<正>2007年以前关于抗美援朝战争史(或朝鲜战争史)以及抗美援朝运动研究情况的综述已有几篇①。本文仅对2007年至2010年6月有关抗美援朝的研究成果简略综述。一、研究概况2007年以来出版的有关抗美援朝战争研究的专著约有三十多部,再版书十余部,发表的相关论文上 相似文献