观无量寿经变画的图像分析

敦煌<观无量寿经变画>壁画的图式结构大致可分为三种:一是中堂与两联,二是"凹"字形,三是上、下结构方式.以莫高窟二一七窟观无量寿经变画为例,洞窟环境有效地实现了佛经内容与表现形式的统一、礼拜过程与洞窟图像结构的统一.     

藏区要闻

山东２名退休职工向西藏捐赠“万寿布达拉宫图” 沉浸在庆祝和平解放５０周年喜庆气氛中的西藏近日收到了来自山东济宁市退休职工靳云昌、赵学敬的一份厚礼：由１万个不同篆书寿字组成的字组画巨作“万寿布达拉宫图”。“万寿布达拉宫图”长８．８米高２米,利用字体的大小、笔画的粗细、墨色的浓淡、笔力的轻重、运笔的缓急、笔锋的交替、字形的变幻,以及红、黄、蓝、绿、黑５种不同颜色巧妙揉合,使１万个寿字有机组合成规模宏大、气势雄伟、金碧辉煌的布达拉宫。图中每个寿字清晰可辨,最大的３５平方厘米,最小的０．２５平方厘米。笔…     

广东寿字一两银币史影

广东寿字一两银币史影清末王无生《述庵秘录》载,光绪甲午（１８９４年）广东巡抚刚毅特请某道员限期代铸祝寿银市三万枚通过内侍呈奉慈禧,刚毅因献币有功升任军机大臣,而那个广东道员却哑子吃黄连,不敢向刚毅索偿。广东寿字一两银币确是光绪二十年为慈禧六十寿辰铸造的纪念市。（《上海金融·钱币研究专辑》１９９２·１潘连贵）广东寿字一两银币史影@潘连贵     

五河县金岗古墓群清理简报

金岗古墓群已清理的均为中小型砖室墓,平面可分长方形、刀字形、甲字形三种,其时代当在东汉中晚期。     

广西永福百寿图意象分析

<正>一.引言百寿图深藏于广西桂林永福县百寿镇百寿岩内。大寿字撑起了百寿图的框架,高约175厘米,宽约148厘米。在大寿字笔画中阴刻有一百个小寿字,小寿字旁有至少一个印章。百寿图刊刻于公元1229年,下令摹刻百寿图者为知县史谓①。百寿图是百寿岩中第一通摩崖石刻,也是现今所见中国时代最早的集古代单字诸体为一身的古代摩崖石刻     

著书唯剩颂红妆——浅说《柳如是别传》

陈丹青的油画《国学研究院》,画了梁启超、王国维、赵元任、陈寅恪、吴宓,5位国学大师"人"字形站在清华校园里。这当属当代油画精品,人物挑选很严、很准,寓意自不待言。陈寅恪,中国科学院学部委员,国学大师。他留学于日本、德国、瑞士、法国、美国,通晓梵文、突厥文、满文多种东西方语言文字。     

谈谈"小子(臣臣子)簋"铭的真伪及相关问题

上海博物馆藏"小子(臣臣子)簋"(<集成>3904)系真器伪铭.本文通过对其铭文字形、辞例的分析,认为该伪铭并非臆造,当有所本,且仿制较精,与真铭的距离不会太大.由于真铭所在的器物未见著录,我们仍可将"小子(臣臣子)簋"铭作为一篇早期记事金文来使用."小子(臣臣子)簋"铭的时代当定在"商代晚期或西周早期".     

独辟蹊径 探幽溯源──读《殷周古文同源分化现象探索》

独辟蹊径探幽溯源──读《殷周古文同源分化现象探索》黄笑山在地下出土的早期古文字资料中,通过字形、辞例及传世字书的印证,可知许多比较常用的基本字形,往往随着时代的发展和记词的需要,逐渐派生分化出与它们具有亲缘关系的同源字来。这些一组组经过同源分化出来的...     

南京楹联的发展轨迹

对联,是中国文艺园地中独有的一朵奇葩,俗称对子、帖子,贴于门柱、房柱上的称楹联,后来便泛指对联。新春佳节张贴门庭的通称春联。按用途分,用于婚丧喜庆的对联又称婚联、喜联、贺联、丧联(挽联)。它根据汉字的字形、字意及词性、声韵构成,讲究遣词准确,造句精练,对仗工整,音韵和谐,格律严谨,寓意深刻。对联的发展源流,和南京有着非常密切的关系。     

关于甲骨文“叀”字构形的再认识

关于"叀"字构形,现学界多认为象纺砖之形,本文则认为其字形应似用竹、藤等草类植物编织而成的一种盛物之器;并对学界一直存有争议的叀与■之关系作了说明,认为后一字形表示的乃是用叀状容器来盛放的物品,由清华简中从此字形之字读为助考虑,此字形可释为菹;文章最后从汉字文化角度讨论了叀字等字形所反映出的古代编织技术。     

卜辞所见商代宗教哲学中的“命”

殷墟卜辞中有“帝于令”,“令”指“天命”。卜辞中又有“受命”,即文献中所说的“正命”,或“考终命”。卜辞中有“不既赢”,“赢”读为“盈”,指乾阳之气,如同文献中所说的“休命”。《甲骨文合集》6928是一版武丁时代的龟腹甲,上有“帝命”,反映了古代天人相应的观念。     

慈利楚简《大武》校读六则

慈利楚简1987年出土于湖南慈利县城关石板村36号战国墓,数量约有1000支,约20000余字[1]。据整理者介绍,部分简文内容可与《国语·吴语》、《逸周书·大武》等传世文献对勘。其中,《大武》篇有两种写本,一种字体工整方正,很像后来的古隶;一种结构随意,略显潦草[2]。《大武》为先秦兵家     

从“胡汉民往来函电稿”看“新国民党”在北方的活动（1932—1936）

“新国民党”是1930年代初期胡汉民等人在国民党内建立的以“抗日”、“反蒋”、“剿共”为主张的政治团体。本作已以藏于美国哈佛—燕京图书馆的“胡汉民往来函电稿”为基本史料,对“新国民党”进行了较为系统的研究,本为系列论之一。它重点探讨“新国民党”在北方的活动,内容包括：“新国民党”在北方的主要成员及其以天津为中心的基本活动;地方实力派(冯玉祥、方振武等)与“新国民党”的关系;并对北方“新国民党”活动的局限性进行了简要分析。     

释罗泊湾一号墓《从器志》的“凭几”

罗泊湾一号墓《从器志》有一种名叫"■机"的物品,整理者把"■"字释为"梠",不知为何物。本文把所谓"梠"字改释为"■",指出"■机"即包山楚简260号的"倗几",二者都应读为"凭几",是一种供人依凭休息的卧具。张家山二四七号汉墓遣策36号作"伏机","伏"、"凭"音义皆近,应是一对同源词。     

Neuropathological research at the "Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fuer Psychiatrie" (German Institute for Psychiatric Research) in Munich (Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institute). Scientific utilization of children's organs from the "Kinderfachabteilungen" (Children's Special Departments) at Bavarian State Hospitals

During National Socialism, the politically motivated interest in psychiatric genetic research lead to the founding of research departments specialized in pathological-anatomical brain research, the two Kaiser Wilhelm-Institutes (KWI) in Berlin and Munich. The latter was indirectly provided with brain material by Bavarian State Hospitals, to three of which "Kinderfachabteilungen" (Special Pediatric Units) were affiliated. As children became victims of the systematically conducted child "euthanasia" in these Special Pediatric Units, this paper will address the question whether and to which extent the organs from victims of child "euthanasia" were used for (neuro-) pathological research at the KWI in Munich. By means of case studies and medical histories (with focus on the situation in Kaufbeuren-Irsee), I will argue that pediatric departments on a regular base delivered slide preparations, that the child "euthanasia" conduced in these departments systematically contributed to neuropathological research and that slide preparations from victims of child "euthanasia" were used in scientific publications after 1945.     

国民革命期间中共之宣传策略初探--以1923-1925年之《向导》为中心

国民革命时期,中共进行了积极而卓有成效的宣传工作,对国民革命的进程和国共两党的关系产生了很大的影响.本文通过对1923-1925年中共机关刊物<向导>周报的考察,分析中共在此时期宣传策略的转变和宣传话语的特点,即中共如何将"左派"、"右派"、"阶级斗争"等概念引入国民革命的过程,从而勾勒出国民革命期间中共在宣传上从被动到主动,争取到宣传强势,并最终将阶级斗争理论与国民革命结合起来的轨迹.     

An exploration of character traits and linear measurements for sexing mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella) skeletons

The skeletal elements of mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella) have proven difficult to sex with statistical confidence due to wide overlap in the body size of the two sexes. We studied a sample of 53 modern mountain gazelle skeletons to determine which character traits and metric measurements best predict sex. The success of the character traits was determined using blind tests while the metrics were examined using discriminant function analysis. The most useful elements include the previously identified horn core, pubis and atlas, but also some new bone portions that preserve well in the archaeological record (e.g., distal tibia, distal metacarpal and metatarsal, and second phalanx). Surprisingly, two elements commonly used in sexing analyses (distal humerus and astragalus) were not among the most effective elements. Although cutting points and discriminant functions for sexing gazelle bone portions are presented here, they do not account for potential body size change and thus are not suited for direct application to archaeological assemblages. Instead, we provide guidelines for application to archaeological gazelle assemblages, most importantly a regression analysis that considers the sex ratios obtained from multiple measurements to predict the sex ratio of archaeological gazelle populations.     

由清华简释解古文字一例

在1998年公布的郭店简《成之闻之》简30有一个字,旧皆不得其解,经过与新公布的清华简《保训》简1的一个字相对比,郭店简的那个字可隶定为"",读为"贵",是"贵重"之意。这是利用清华简考释旧未能释出的古文字的一个例子。     

"The moon" and "the blood": two emblematic symbols in headache and epilepsy according to scientific traditions of the Salerno Medical school and popular medicine in southern Italy

Before describing the state of knowledge on headache and epilepsy at the Salerno Medical School (SMS), we will briefly summarize in the first part its history through the centuries until the "golden period" of the 12th century when it reached its peak by outshining all others in teaching, studies and research. In the second part we will refer to Saint Donato, healer of epileptics in the south of Italy, whose worship is still alive today. The finding of common symbols in conceptions of headache and epilepsy, both in the scientific tradition of the School and in popular medicine, represents a link which is explicable by the wide dissemination of the school's doctrines.     

庄子“真人”思想考论

庄子《大宗师》集中出现了四则有关＂真人＂的论述。＂真人＂思想具有丰富的内涵。作为庄子自身理想人格的画像,＂真人＂等同于＂至人＂。真人一旦上升到＂道＂的层面,又等同于＂神人＂。真人思想的矛盾性源自《庄子》一书内容的复杂性。作为天道哲学的真人,其思想源自《道德经》、《山海经》等典籍;作为生命哲学的真人,源自《黄帝内经》、《周易》等。由后者形成一种＂葆真＂的生命哲学观,产生了积极而深远的影响。