近年来辽宁考古新收获

进入九十年代以来,辽宁省考古工作取得新的进展,发现和发掘了一批具有重要价值的古遗址和古墓葬,这批新材料对深入研究辽宁地区的古代文化具有重要意义。在此按考古编年将其概述如下。     

寻访江西古文化遗址与古墓葬

经过20世纪80年代初期的文物普查,考古工作者在江西各地发现古文化遗址(包括古人类居住遗址、古城址、古窑址、古矿冶遗址等)800余处,古墓葬1400余座.近年来考古工作者陆续发掘一批古遗址和古墓葬,发现各种人类活动遗迹,出土有品类繁富的文物,为研究江西地方历史提供了丰富的实物资料,也为现代旅游业的发展提供了重要的历史文化资源.……     

第四批全国重点文物保护单位中的古遗址和古墓葬

1996年12月,国务院核定公布了第四批全国重点文物保护单位名单,其中古遗址56处、古墓葬22处。这是继1988年国务院审定公布第三批全国重点文物保护单位名单之后,在不足十年间再次将重要的古遗址、古墓葬列入国家级保护单位。它既体现了党和国家对文物考古事业的重视;也集中反映了近十年来我国考古研究坚持科学地进行田野工作这一优良传统所取得的丰硕成果,表明中国考古学又有了长足的进步。第四批列为国家保护单位的古遗址和古墓葬,有的是五、六十年代或这之前发现并长期进行考古勘察发掘的重要遗址,而大多数则是近十年来发现的或是近年在以往发现的     

第三批全国重点文物保护单位中的古遗址和古墓葬

第三批全国重点文物保护单位共有258处,其中古遗址49处,古墓葬29处。如加上第一、二批全国重点文物保护单位中的古遗址和古墓葬,现在全国重点文物保护单位中共有古遗址85处,古墓葬55处。1982年第二批全国重点文物保护单位名单公布时,考古学界的专家们在庆贺的同时,曾不无遗憾地说,对于我们这样一个历史悠久、幅员广大的国家来说,当时列为保护单位的古遗址和古墓葬还是太少了。时隔五年多,这两类保护单位的数字增加了一倍多。这是一个大发展,体现了党和国家对文物考古工作的重视和支持,也反映了文物考古工作取得的丰硕     

《四川民族文物精品展》设计思想及其特色

四川自古就是一个多民族聚居的地方,汉族和其他民族一起创造了灿烂的巴蜀文化。四川的少数民族是我国多民族大家庭的组成部分之一,这些少数民族都具有悠久的历史和文化。建国以来,四川地区出土了一些带有地方特色的古墓葬和古遗址,它们无论是埋葬方式还是文化特色都与中原文化有所不同。许多古墓葬充分反映了当时历史、政治、经济及文化内涵。四川发现的古墓葬中较为典型的有反映古羌氏民族的石棺葬、巴蜀民族的船棺葬、汉晋崖墓、邓都人的大石墓、古白族人的火葬墓及交人悬棺葬等六种主要葬俗。它们所出土的文物对研究四川古代少数民族…     

大力做好基建工程地區的文物清理工作

在国家过渡时期总路线总任务的光辉照耀下,从一九五三年即开始了计划经济,大规模的基本建设工程正在全国笵围内相继展开,在施工过程中,由於挖掘土方,已不断地发现古墓葬和古文化遗址,并掘出了大量具有历史研究价值的珍贵文物;尤其在西北地区,由於它是祖国民族文化的发源地,地下埋藏的文物则为数更多。现仅就西安市近郊一地而言,有一工地经过初步勘探,即发现古代墓葬三千余座。今后随着基建工程的日益扩大,古墓葬和古遗址的发现势必为     

邯郸人文景观资源及旅游文化分析

人文景观资源是指古代人类社会活动的遗迹及现代人类社会活动的产物。邯郸人文景观资源丰富多彩,主要有古遗址、古墓葬、古建筑、古庙宇、古石刻及革命纪念地等多种类型,重要的有78处,其中古遗址27处,古墓葬11处,古建14处,革命纪念地9处,古庙宇8处,古石刻9处。     

略谈黄陂鲁台山东周墓

近年来,鄂东地区不断地有古遗址和古墓葬被发现.1977年底到1978年初,有关单位在滠水流域的黄陂鲁台山发掘了一批两周时期的墓葬.墓葬的年代大部分是东周时期的.这批东周墓的文化特征,或与江陵、当阳和长沙等地楚墓接近;或与中原东周墓相似;或两者作风兼而有之;或既不见于江陵等地楚墓,也不同于中原东周墓;而是自成体系,独树一帜.本文仅就这一地区东周墓陶器组合及造型风格中出现的一些新因素作些简要的介绍和粗浅的分析,供学术界参考.     

喀喇沁旗出土的夏家店下层文化石磬

喀喇沁旗位于内蒙古赤峰市南部,西拉木伦河以南,燕山山脉以北,七老图山脉东北麓,与冀北、辽西毗邻。境内古遗址、古墓葬分布较密集,古遗址中尤以夏家店下层文     

让大遗址保护 助推经济社会发展

大遗址保护是我国文化遗产保护中的重点,各种类型的古代文化遗址是构成我国古代文明史迹的主体。大遗址不仅具有考古学上的重大意义,更是独特的文化资源,其价值和作用是许多其他文物古迹所无法替代的。在我国已公布的2351处全国重点文物保护单位中,古遗址和古墓葬总数为71O处,     

Drowned Memories: The Submerged Places of the Winnemem Wintu

This article is a brief overview of an instance where landscape inundation has disconnected culture from place. The Winnemem Wintu, a Native American tribe in Northern California, had most of their ancestral landscape along the McCloud River submerged by the construction of Shasta Dam just after World War II. The tribe’s remaining traditional cultural properties are under continual threat of loss and/or destruction, leaving the tribe’s ability to practice traditional ceremonies crippled by legal battles and fights against the continual assertion of United States hegemonic power over tribal cultural identity. As part of archaeological research on these submerged places, the tribe’s spiritual leader, Caleen Sisk-Franco, and Tribal Headman, Mark Franco, spoke with the author about these threats and how their culture must adapt to meet them.     

Submerged Mesolithic Landscape Investigation,Eleven Ballyboes,Republic of Ireland

This paper reports on the first systematic attempt to conduct archaeological survey and excavation for submerged prehistory on the island of Ireland. Fieldwork was conducted in two small bays where Early Mesolithic flint artefacts washed ashore hinted at the presence of a submerged assemblage. Methods employed include non‐intrusive survey, hand coring and excavation. Together, these allowed identification of the artefact source, albeit reworked, in one bay and an early Holocene peat in the other. Though the subtidal assemblage is reworked and relatively small, it is significant in an Irish context and more widely illustrates the potential preservation of prehistoric sites and palaeo‐landscapes in high‐energy settings.     

Submerged Paleoindian and Archaic Sites of the Big Bend,Florida

Abstract

The discovery and investigation of submerged prehistoric sites in the Big Bend region of the Gulf coast of NW Florida has revealed occupation ranging from the latest Pleistocene to the middle Holocene age. A summary of the local prehistoric record and the history of sea level rise are used to present the kinds of sites that may exist offshore and how far out on the continental shelf they might be discovered. A local paleoriver channel (the PaleoAucilla) has been traced offshore and parts of it have been surveyed for archaeological sites with excellent results. The local offshore environment is described, the history and methods of research are presented, and the results of selected analyses are briefly discussed.     

Mapping Submerged Archaeological Sites using Stereo‐Vision Photogrammetry

Creating photo‐mosaics and plans of submerged archaeological sites quickly, cost‐effectively and, most importantly, to a high level of geometric accuracy remains a huge challenge in underwater archaeology. This paper describes a system that takes geo‐referenced stereo imagery from a diver‐propelled platform and combines it with mapping techniques widely used in the field of robotic science to create high‐resolution 2D photo‐mosaics and detailed 3D textured models of submerged archaeological features. The system was field tested on the submerged Bronze Age town of Pavlopetri off the coast of Laconia, Greece, in 2010. This paper outlines the equipment used, data collection in the field, image processing and visualization methodology.     

Marine Magnetic Survey of a Submerged Roman Harbour, Caesarea Maritima, Israel

A marine geophysical survey was conducted at Caesarea Maritima, Israel, to map the buried structure of King Herod's Roman harbour. Magnetic surveys reveal the presence of an extensive hydraulic concrete foundation below the ruined harbour moles. The magnetic anomaly patterns indicate that the concrete foundation was laid out in header fashion along N-S and W-E trending segments to form two large 'artificial islands'. Magnetic lows within the structure identify baffles that were infilled with sand to stabilise the concrete foundation walls.
© 2004 The Nautical Archaeology Society     

A Feasibility Study for the Investigation of Submerged Sites along the Coast of Slovenia

Maritime investigations along the Northern Adriatic coast have traditionally focused on the Roman and later archaeology. However, studies of post-glacial sea-level change and shoreline displacement suggest there is significant potential for the discovery of sites close inshore dating back to the early- to mid-Holocene, c .9000 BC onwards. A feasibility study for the investigation of submerged sites along the coast of Slovenia was undertaken in 2005. Here we describe the project rationale and research design, the survey and recording methods used, the logistical problems encountered, the results obtained (regardless of age), and the prospects for future research in the region.
© 2009 The Authors     

Microbiology of Concretions, Sediments and Mechanisms Influencing the Preservation of Submerged Archaeological Artifacts

Research conducted at deep-ocean ship wreck sites in the North Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and in the Gulf of Mexico have revealed that microorganisms play a significant role in both the preservation and loss of submerged artifacts. Research to be reported concentrates on the influence of microbiologically induced concretions on the survival of maritime artifacts. Rusticles, a common form of concretion, have been found to provide valuable information to archeology (Garzke et al. 1997, Proceedings of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers). The role of rusticles in the preservation of recalcitrant materials such as coal and glass fragments that become embedded within these growths, as well as forensic chemical analysis can be used to determine the nature of goods or munitions being carried by the ship at the time of its sinking, and will form examples.