新加坡客籍华文作家研究

1965年新加坡脱离马来亚成为一个独立的国家。新加坡华文文学也随之从马华文学中分离独立出来,并在原有的马华文学基础上,在文学本身的发展规律以及新兴国家一系列政策的影响下,开始了独特的发展道路。新加坡华文文坛在一个短暂低潮期后出现了蓬勃的现象。     

60年代台湾文学与香港文学对马华文学的影响

马华文学在６０年代开始，与台湾、香港两地文学界发生密切联系，中国文学对马华文学的影响与渗透，也由此而绵延。台湾、香港两地文学对马华文学的影响是长期而多方面的，特别是５０年代末至６０年代中，即新马分治前的这一段历史时期，流行于台湾的现代派文学，以及香港...     

关于伪满文艺类日语书刊的几个话题

在伪满洲国问题研究的领域中,较之史学、只能说文学是起步较晚的后来者,这在中日两国的学界无不如此.这种情形出现的原因,不仅与学科的发展史相关,而且与学科的独特性不无联系.一言以蔽之,事实上文学研究不但得益于史学研究的基础与助力,而且自身的文献与史料发掘也一直面临许多困境和不足.战后六、七十年过去了,伪满时期的档案、书籍和期刊,在世界范围内无论是在轮廓还是细节的意义上,至今尚未完全解密.致使相当多的原始文献或长眠地下,或与历史的烟云一起随风飘散.从而使得后学者重塑文学历史的工作面临困境却又无法规避.本文是对伪满时期文艺类的出版物的搜集、整理和思辨,意在感知伪满文学史的真面,以期填补文学研究的方法论和现代性的空白.     

《战前马华新诗的承传与流变》出版

厦门大学中文系副教授郭惠芬博士的新著《战前马华新诗的承传与流变》已于2004年12月由云南人民出版社出版,该书系鼓浪学术书系·二十世纪中国文学关联研究之一种。全书分三部共36万余字,主要探析从1919年到1942年间马华新诗的发展与变化特点。该书围绕着三个中心分为上篇、中篇和下篇。上篇为背景和发展概述;中篇为作者的心态关照,着重探析战前马华作者的心态,即他们的内部世界对外部世界的反映以及他们的精神和情感体验;下篇为诗体的流态变形,着重探析战前马华新诗在各个时期承传流变的形态。该书大量运用了从旧报刊中发掘和收集的第一手…     

影响马来西亚马华两族关系的文化与政治因素

从不同的宗教信仰对马华两族的融合与通婚的阻碍、自成体系的语言与媒体对彼此沟通的影响、族群政治动员在强化族群意识方面所起的作用等文化特征和族群政治的角度,探讨了影响马华两族关系的原因。结论是:马华两族宗教信仰和语言教育的区分、马来西亚特殊的族群政治态势,是影响马华两族关系发展的几个重要因素。     

丝路塞上：宁夏文学60年综论

黄河东流,丝路西去,中华诗教传统和审美精神在宁夏这片土地上蕴藏、绵延和发展,并滋润每一颗心灵,进而助力共建文明、和谐、美好的新时代。具体而言,宁夏文学研究离不开文学编辑和许多作家的自觉批评,也凝聚了区内外各种批评的学术力量。宁夏文学是百年中国新文学的一部分,却也离不开中华数千年文化的历史资源。1958年宁夏回族自治区成立至今60余年,宁夏文学在当代文学和西部文学的大背景上显现了独特的风貌,也是新中国文学版图上极为靓丽的存在。在其萌芽、新生、发展和积累过程考察基础上,进而综论文化与历史交错而审美显现的文学作品和作家情志,宁夏文学的当代发生发展不仅经历晚清、"五四"以来现代性思潮的多重洗礼,更是诗意情怀和传统审美精神的规约性彰显。当然,新中国文学是人民文学,在改革开放40年的现实激荡中,西部乡土文学的某些审美情感和文学观念,还是需要反思的。乡土诗意与现代性滥觞,形成了人性内在生活的直接冲突,回避和面对都是非常艰难的挣扎。批评也许无能为力,但深层的解读和反思是不可或缺的。     

中国大陆的马来西亚华侨华人研究——以1982~2011年间《华侨华人历史研究》刊发论文为基础的分析

论文基于《华侨华人历史研究》1982年以来刊发的约60篇马华研究论文,同时参考近年来大陆有关马华研究的博士论文,分析了大陆关于马华研究的主要领域、资料来源、资料类型、研究方法、作者群特点等。研究显示,大陆关于马华的研究,涉及到政治、政策、宗教、文化、社会、文学、女性、族群关系、医学和音乐等领域;研究者重点使用的是英语资料和马来西亚当地的资料,使用最多的是中英文图书,其次是中文期刊和中文报纸;文献分析法是主要研究方法。大陆已有一批比较固定的马华研究者,但人数相对有限,且少有人进行专一的马来西亚华人研究。选择马华作为博士学位论文研究课题的作者成为当今学界研究马华的主要力量。     

中华元典的功能刍议

笔者将《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《易》等初原、根本的典籍称作“中华元典”,尝试探讨中华元典的文化功能。以下分论之。 一、《诗》的文学价值与教化功能 作为中华元典重要组成部分的《诗经》,其历史作用可从文学价值与教化功能两个方面加以探讨。先论其文学价值。     

八代传敍文学述论（节选）

朱东润先生是著名的中国文学史研究专家与现代传记文学撰述大家,又是《中华文史论丛》二十世纪七八十年代的主编之一。今年恰逢朱先生一百一十周年冥诞,本刊特发表朱先生遗作《八代传敍文学述论》两节,以志纪念。[编者按]     

东北三少民族文学史编撰研究

东北三少民族鄂伦春族、鄂温克族、赫哲族文学史在文学史观、研究方法、评价标准等方面有高度的一致性,充分反映了三少民族文学互相交往、交流、交融的发展过程。文学史问题的论述其核心要义是以“文学性”为基准,追求开放而多元的文学史观,鄂伦春族、鄂温克族、赫哲族三部民族文学史更重视物质文化发展对文学的影响,相对于以往以朝代断代、将文学史与政治史重合,则更强调文学、文化的历史发展自主性。     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

LEAD ISOTOPE ANALYSES OF ISLAMIC POTTERY GLAZES FROM FUSTAT,EGYPT*

Lead isotope analyses have been undertaken on a group of Islamic lead‐glazed pottery artefacts from Fustat, Egypt, spanning the period from the eighth to the 14th century ad , that had previously been the subject of a comprehensive typological, chronological, petrographic and technological study. Comparison of the lead isotope ratios for the glazes with those for lead ores from Egypt, Iran, Tunisia, Anatolia, Greece, Sardinia and Spain provided information on the possible sources of the lead used in the production of the glazes. The results show that the lead used in glaze production by the Islamic potters at Fustat was most probably obtained from distant ore sources in Iran or Tunisia, Sardinia, Spain and the Taurus Mountains. Different ore sources were favoured in different periods and, to a limited extent, for different types of pottery, but at no time did the Fustat potters use the potentially more accessible Egyptian ore sources.     

Australian Cenozoic Bryozoa, 2: Free-living Cheilostomata of the Eocene St. Vincent Basin,S.A., including Bonellina gen. nov

Schmidt, R., March 2007. Australian Cenozoic Bryozoa, 2: Free-living Cheilostomata of the Eocene St. Vincent Basin, S.A., including Bonellina gen. nov. Alcheringa 31, 67-84. ISSN 0311-5518.

Free-living bryozoans are diverse in the Eocene sediments of the St. Vincent Basin, South Australia. They include Bonellina pentagonalis gen. et sp. nov., Otionellina sp. cf. O. exigua (Tenison Woods), Otionellina sp. cf. O. cupola (Tenison Woods), Tubiporella magna (Tenison Woods), Celleporaria nummularia (Tenison Woods), and an indeterminate species only found as moulds. This diversity and abundance is highest in the sediments representing the initial transgressive marine facies, where they occur in ‘sand fauna’ bryozoan assemblages (e.g. with Melicerita and Siphonicytara). Free-living bryozoans decrease up-section and are absent from latest Eocene sediments, indicating a significant environmental shift.

Rolf Schmidt [rschmid@museum.vic.gov.au], Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia; received 18.3.2005, revised 14.12.2005.