地情资料如何增强服务社会的能力

近几年来,本届修志已进入后期出成果的阶段。潍坊市计划编修好的1部市志和11部县市区志书已全部出版。并且在修志过程中积累了上亿字的地情资料。如何运用好这些成果和资料,让它在改革开放和现代化建设中发挥更大的作用,是我们方志工作当前面临的一个新课题。在如何利用这些资料为提高全面科学化素质,为社会各阶层全面认识地情,为地方两个明建设服务方面,在如何发挥史志工作特殊功能,用大资源、大产业、大开发、大服务的观念搞好资政服务方面,潍坊市史志办公室在实践中主要从以下三个方面把握：     

From practice to theory to practice: William Penn from prison to the founding of Pennsylvania

ABSTRACT

Recent scholarship on religious toleration has been marked by a keen interest in the relationship between theory and practice. This essay takes up the genesis of William Penn’s theorizing about toleration in his experience of imprisonment, focusing on four particular episodes during his early years as a Quaker (between 1667 and 1671). These years were formative for Penn as a young man as well as for the increasingly sophisticated movement for toleration in Restoration England. The broader political theory that Penn articulated in England and attempted to realize in Pennsylvania contained economic, political, social, legal, and religious components, worked out in drafts of founding documents over the course of many months. But the foundation of that theory – its unshakeable commitment to liberty of conscience, its faith in juries as a potential restraint on the arbitrary exercise of power by civil governors, its unsteady mix of principled and pragmatic underpinnings – was laid in Penn’s early years as a Quaker, intertwined with his experiences of imprisonment in England and Ireland. In a very real sense, then, the road to Pennsylvania, for Penn, began in the Cork prison 15 years before he set foot in America.     

秦襄公东进关中线路考

秦襄公东进关中,在秦早期发展史上有着划时代意义。但就其东拓之路线,史书没有明确记载。笔者通过实地考察表明,秦襄公东进关中所走的路线是由甘肃张川县的秦邑,经秦家塬至陕西陇县汧邑的“秦汧道”。从秦邑到汧邑全程约113公里,其中甘肃境内约50公里,陕西境内约63公里,陇山山区约70余公里。     

Train Ready to Climb to Lhasa

On July 1, express trains starting from Beijing and other cities will pass through Xining and Golmud and finally reach Lhasa. On that date, Tibet＇s long history of having no access to railway transportation will come to an end.     

向蒋介石铸献九鼎的流产与非议

九鼎是古代中国特有的器物,寓有神圣之意.有关九鼎的记载最早出自<史记>,据载:"禹收九牧之金,铸九鼎."     

发挥产业集聚效益走新型工业化道路

近些年来,产业集聚在我国发展迅速,特别是东南沿海发达地区,产业集聚使诸多产业的成本大幅度降低,竞争力也因此而得到显著提升.在新一轮经济增长中,中国经济已进入一个产业竞争力与产业集聚密切相关的阶段.本文正是从这个基本点出发,就产业集聚效益在走新型工业化道路中发挥的作用及其相关问题作一些初步探讨.     

徐元诰《〈国语〉集解》刊误

本文揭出徐元诰《〈国语〉集解》一书的问题140余条,其中个别的是印刷时的偶误,也有少量标点问题,更多的则是与原文有出入,或是断句有问题。本文逐一予以指正。     

对《清代人河湾“罗本”不是罗贯中——祁县<罗贯中家谱>质疑》的质疑

１９９６年夏秋之际,新闻媒体陆续报道了祁县河湾村发现了一些与罗贯中有关的遗迹和遗物,引起了国内外学术界和广大群众的普遍关注。笔者通过多次赴河湾考察,认识不断加深,心中充满着一种强烈的震憾。这无疑是一项重要的发现。做为一个文物工作者,我应该对历史负责,有责任有义务从审视文物的角度出发,忠实地反映文物,忠实地反映历史,详尽调查和科学整理这些遗迹和遗物,编写调查报告,将有关资料公布于社会。 鉴于此,同年１０月下旬,笔者再赴河湾,进行了为期７天的专题调查。测绘了罗氏宗祠,清理了相传罗本之墓,观察了《罗氏…     

红外光谱在文物保护中的应用介绍

文物信息的提取与研究对于揭示古代遗物包涵的人类社会、文化等历史信息有着举足轻重的作用:一方面可以了解古代的工艺技术特征,探寻文物制作技术起源及其发展历程;另一方面可以进行病害调查分析,为保护文物提供有价值的信息。本工作以红外光谱技术为出发点,细致梳理了目前红外光谱在文物保护中的应用,包括无机质文物中青铜器、土壤、颜料、珠宝玉石,有机质文物中纸张、丝织品、彩绘胶料、有机残留物,以及保护材料。提出该技术具备应用范围广、特征性强、无损或微损样品、不受样品物态限制等优势,但同时不适合分析含水样品、定量分析时误差大、解析图谱时依靠经验等局限性。揭示显微红外光谱技术在无损分析文物方面的广大前景,为文物保护研究与实践提供参考和借鉴意义。     

日本对华直接投资的区位选择分析--兼论东北三省吸引日资的对策

日本是我国最大的外资来源国之一,日资的进入对我国国民经济的拉动作用显而易见。从日本对外直接投资区位的总体格局来看,发达国家占绝对优势,我国所占的比重虽不大,但增长势头良好。明确我国在日本对外直接投资中的地位,研究其对华直接投资的区位选择机制,对我国改善投资区位条件,提升在日本全球化生产格局中的分工地位有重要意义。本文从投资动机和区位要素两个方面来考察日本对华直接投资的区位选择机制。在此基础上,最后对地理上与日本临近的东北三省予以特别的关注,就如何吸引日资提出了几点对策。     

Prologue to Uses of Chemical Residues to Make Statements About Human Activities

Soil chemistry provides the potential for interpreting the archaeological record without necessarily resorting to artifacts, historical documents, ethnoarchaeological observations, or experiments. The range of studies incorporating new technological developments, such as mass spectrometry and multi-element analyses, for analyzing and interpreting the chemical residues found at archaeological sites or modern contexts are increasing in the literature. However, the dilemmas of interpretation concentrate on evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of different techniques. Analytical approaches to how scientists make use of chemical residues to make statements about the past, discussed here, expand the potential of the breadth of techniques to investigate daily life activities and further our understanding of the materiality of social life.     

蒋介石力阻美国将台湾问题"国际化"

蒋介石退踞台湾期间,对于美国寻找各种机会使台湾问题"国际化"的企图,基本上采取抗拒的立场.具体表现在在20世纪40年代末到50年代初期,针对美国叫嚣的"台湾地位未定论",蒋介石通过对<开罗宣言>的反复重申,坚持了台湾是中国一部分的立场,维护了中国对台湾的主权地位;在50年代中后期两次台海危机中,蒋介石坚守金门、马祖这两个与大陆保持联系的纽带,拒绝美国以海峡为界,实现"划峡而治"、制造"两个中国"的图谋,并在一定程度上与大陆形成一种默契,共同抵制美国的分裂活动;从60年代开始,借恢复中国政府在联合国的席位、美国企图在联合国内部造成"一中一台"的既成事实,针对这种情况,包括台湾蒋介石当局在内的海峡两岸中国人,取得一定共识,即在国际社会只能有一个代表中国主权的中央政府,台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分,并共同挫败美国以联合国名义分裂中国的图谋.     

志书要加强对生产习俗的记述

生产习俗作为民俗的一部分,在人们的日常生活中有着重要的地位和价值。本文论述了第二轮修志要记述生产习俗的原因,以及志书反映生产习俗的一些方法。     

Use of robust methods to determine quadratic surfaces: application to heritage

3D surveys of archaeological elements and the construction of virtual models enable us to reconstruct historical sites. They provide useful data to select specific building processes.Photogrammetry and Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) are the most common techniques to obtain synthetically heritage models. These techniques provide massive data which can only be managed by replacing them by primitive shapes, thereby obtaining more simple models and the explicit geometry of the element. Statistical and robust methods are used for this substitution, thereby avoiding the common errors due to measuring. Of these methods, the most widely used are the least-median-of-squares (LMedS) and the RANSAC method.Another computation method consists in recursive processes based on evolutive-type algorithms to adjust the model to the data captured.This paper describes two surface computation methodologies to determine the modelling of a column shaft located in temple G of the archaeological park of Selinunte (Sicily).     

提高专业素质为地方志事业的繁荣做贡献

方志出版社自1995年成立,至今已走过10个春秋。方志出版社是在我国盛世修志大好形势下诞生的。当时,全国新编地方志工作已经进行了十余年,取得了重大成绩,已经出版各类志书数百部,并有大批志书处在总纂、审订、编写阶段等待出版;一些先期出版的志书也到了修订、续修阶段;许多专     

对中国出土青铜器修复与保护方法的思考

中国古代青铜器是中国古代明的重要组成部分,以其丰富的铭、精美的纹饰及造型、高超的冶金和铸造技术及表面处理技术而闻名于世。大多数青铜器在出土时均有不同程度的损坏与腐蚀,因而需要对其进行修复与保护处理,以便于研究与陈列展出。     

Rom to Rom/Rom to Gaje

Rena C. Gropper. Gypsies in the City. Princeton: The Darwin Press, 1975. xi + 235 pp. Tables, figures, maps, illustrations, appendix, glossary, bibliography and index. $9.95

Farnham Rehfisch, ed. Gypsies, Tinkers and Other Travellers. London and New York: Academic Press, 1975. x + 303 pp. Figures, tables, glossary and index. $15.25.

Anne Sutherland. Gypsies: The Hidden Americans. New York: The Free Press, 1975. x + 330 pp. Tables, figures, appendices, glossary, bibliography and indices. $13.95.