ON THE CHARACTERISATION OF THE PHASE SPECTRUM FOR STRONG MOTION SYNTHESIS

A new approach has been presented to characterise phase spectra for simulating realistic nonstationary characteristics in synthetic accelerograms. The phase characteristics of the recorded earthquake accelerograms have been studied for this purpose and it has been found that the phase curve/unwrapped phases exhibit a monotonic downward trend which allows the problem of phase characterisation to be cast as a constrained nonlinear programming problem. The phase spectrum is first characterised by matching mean and variance of the generated distribution of relative phases with those obtained from recorded motions. As a practical application, it is shown how phase spectra can be characterised for an ensemble of synthetic accelerograms so as to maximise the severity of sample realisations.     

CHARACTERISATION OF EARLY VITREOUS MATERIALS

The microstructure and chemical composition of a range of early vitreous materials, principally from Egypt and dating from mid-second millennium B.C. onwards, have been examined in polished section in a scanning electron microscope with attached X-ray spectrometer. Faience is defined as a material with a quartz core which contains varying amounts of interstitial glass and which is covered with alkali-based coloured glaze and frit as a polycrystalline material which is coloured throughout and has no glaze covering. The amount of interstitial glass and hence the chemical compositions of the faience cores depends on the methods of production used. Frits which, on the basis of the above definition, include Egyptian blue and glassy faience differ from faience cores in containing significantly higher concentrations of lime and copper oxide. The nature of the frit, including its colour, depends on the relative amounts of lime and copper oxide.     

“中华民国中央银行钞票”揭秘

“中华民国中央银行钞票”存世极少,十分珍贵。其面值见有壹元、五元两种(插二下),其中壹元票长144,宽89mm;五元票长160,宽92mm。钞票正面,上端均为篆书“中华民国中央银行钞票”、下侧均有篆书“中央银行发行”字样,中间则分别为隶书“壹元”或“五元”之面值,四角分别有“壹”和“1”或“五”和“5”的面值数,底纹均为由无数“中央银行”小字纵向排列而成的放光芒图案;钞票背面,中间分别为“壹元”或“五元”面值,面值两侧分别有“1”或“5”字面值数。吴筹中先生曾在1990年第三期《中国钱币》上刊出过一张五元票的黑白图版,当时他认为是…     

THE TIME OF THE SELF AND THE TIME OF THE OTHER

What is time? This essay offers an attempt to think again about this oldest of philosophical questions by engaging David Hoy's recent book, The Time of Our Lives: A Critical History of Temporality, which proposes a “history of time‐consciousness” in twentieth‐century European philosophy. Hoy's book traces the turn‐of‐the‐century debate between Husserl and Bergson about the different senses of time across the various configurations of hermeneutics, deconstruction, poststructuralism, and feminist theory. For him, what is at stake in such a project is to distinguish between the scientific‐objective “time of the universe” and the phenomenology of human temporality, “the time of our lives.” Hoy's approach is to organize his book around the three tenses of time—past/present/future—and to view objective‐scientific time as derived from the more primordial forms of temporalizing lived experience that occur in our interpretation of time. In my reading of Hoy's work, I attempt to explore how “time” (lived, experiential, phenomenological) can be read not in terms of “consciousness” (Hoy's thematic), but in terms of the self's relationship with an Other. That is, my aim is less to establish a continental tradition about time‐consciousness, understood through the methods of genealogy, phenomenology, or critical theory, than it is to situate the problem of time in terms of an ethics of the Other. In simple terms, I read Hoy's project as too bound up with an egological interpretation of consciousness. By reflecting on time through the relationship to the Other rather than as a mode of the self's own “time‐consciousness,” I attempt to think through the ethical consequences for understanding temporality and its connection to justice.     

THE LOCATION OF THE TREASURY OF ATREUS

Summary.   The Treasury of Atreus, the largest and most impressive of the nine tholos tombs found at Mycenae, stands by itself at the southern edge of a bowl in the east slope of the Panagia ridge. This paper argues that the tomb was constructed on this particular spot so that it would be seen from the trackways/roads that led to Mycenae from the east, south-east and south-west and from the main pathway to the palace. The view of the acropolis hill and Mt. Profitis Ilias from the space occupied by the earthen mound above the tholos also appears to have influenced the choice of location. It is suggested that the position of the Treasury of Atreus was, like the tomb itself, a political statement, calculated to show that the ruler who built the tomb succeeded in extending the territory of Mycenae across the central Argolid.     

THE STATUE OF THE GOODESS OF MERCY

TheGoddessofMercyinthePotalaPalace,measuring93cmhighand10cmwide,enjoysfameasgreatasthestatueofSakyamuni,thefounderofBuddhismintheJokhangMonaSteryThisisbecausetheTibetansbelievetheGoddessofMercyisthegoddessfromwhomSongtsanGambowasreincamatedtosavetheTibetans.CreatedintheearlydaysoftheTuboKingdom,thestatuehasbeenstandinginthePotalaPalaceformorethan1,360years.Althoughitsufferedfromtheransackingthatfollowedeachwar,itwasretumedtothepalacemiraculouslyintheend.DuringthereignofTuboKingDarmaW…     

人地关系观、规划观的历史轨迹初探——兼论城市规划观的未来趋向

本文探讨了人地关系观及规划观的历史演变,结合后现代主义思潮,对城市规划今后发展方向提出一系列建议。     

尼罗河畔文明物语

<正>尼罗河是埃及的母亲河,准确说更是生命线,一条郁郁葱葱的绿色生命线,置于茫茫的沙漠之中。埃及90%的人口,生活在这全国1/30国土的尼罗河畔。这条河见证了埃及古老文明的形成和兴旺,主导了两岸生灵的繁荣与衰落。跟随这条河,人们在历史的时空穿梭,跨过河上河下,遍看古代现代,游走神庙田舍,拥抱沙漠绿洲。我们在阿斯旺下火车,行李直接就送到斯蒂芬妮游轮了,我们要在尼罗河上航行三日,这是期盼许久的心念。有多久呢?算起来有40年了。自从1978年电影《尼罗河上的惨案》     

中华民国开国纪念币银元始铸纪

1911年12月2日,苏浙联军攻克了南京。12月8日,江苏都督府任命余成烈为度支部江宁造币分厂总理,林景为协理。维时军需孔殷,日促拨款,势难停工以待新币式之颁布。是以12月11日,该厂沿用旧模重新开铸“大清银币”银元①。 1912年1月,原度支部江宁造币分厂改名为中华民国江南造币厂,刊用了木质关     

PROBLEMS OF THE LEVEL OF THE CASPIAN AND THE STABILITY OF ITS SHORELINE

The first of two papers on the problem of forecasting the level of the Caspian Sea evaluates factors widely believed to have been responsible for its lowering during much of the present century (including tectonic movements, climatic cycles, human activity). It concludes that previous forecasts have been inaccurate because of the failure to adequately model the complexity of processes involved, specifically the internal mechanisms of “self-regulation” of water levels. Continuation of the recent slight rise in the Caspian's level is predicted at least into the early 1990s (translated by Andrew R. Bond).     

THE CENTENNIAL OF THE FOUNDING OF THE ASKANIYA-NOVA NATURE RESERVE

This article traces the history of the creation and early precarious existence of the oldest Soviet nature reserve, Askaniya-Nova in the Ukraine, and represents part of the ongoing Soviet re-assessment of environmental history in that country (for a Western view, see [60]). It describes the protracted conflict between preservationist and utilitarian perspectives on land use in the reserve, the latter gaining ascendancy during the 1930s under Lysenko and Stalin. Of special interest is coverage of post-war “restoration” at the reserve, or more specifically, the continuation of less than ideal conditions up to the present (translated by Elliott B. Urdang, Providence, RI 02906).     

国际关系的变化趋势与地缘关系理论的变革

国际关系的发展趋势将以经济为主题、以和平合作为主调。相应的地缘关系理论也应作如下调整:从"争夺霸权"向"寻求合作"的目标转换、从地缘政治向地缘经济的主题转换、从地理位置向科技人才的解释因子转换、从欧洲中心论向全球一体化的空间转换。     

THE HISTORY OF SEXUALITY: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF THE FIELD

In this concise volume, Jeffrey Weeks traces the development of the history of sexuality from its earliest days, more than a century ago, to the present. He identifies dominant themes and subject matter as well as analyzing and commenting upon some of the key theoretical frameworks that have driven this scholarly endeavor. He devotes special attention to LGBT history, to histories of gender, power, and sexuality, and to globalization and the transnational turn in historical writing. He gives attention to the tensions that have often existed between a community‐based activist history produced from within the LGBT community and the history produced within the academy. Finally, he considers the degree to which sexual history has been mainstreamed and the dangers and the value of that process.     

周代用鼎制度疏证

目次鼎实与鼎的类别一鼎实与鼎的类别二鼎制组合三中原地区用鼎制度四楚国用鼎制度五结语鼎是周代社会礼制生活的核心。冠、昏、祭、乡、射、朝