Cheating the Censor: Romanian Writers under Communism

Abstract

The Romanian Communist Party enjoyed considerable success in exploiting literature for its own ends. This article asks why those writers who challenged censorship were few in number, and why, even in the final year of Nicolae Ceau?escu’s rule, the chorus of protest was weak. Most Romanian writers failed to oppose censorship, and were deeply marked by it even when they believed that they were ‘cheating’ the censor. In some ways self-censorship proved to be more damaging to creativity than overt repression. The exceptions nevertheless comprise an important category, deserving examination and recognition. The fall of Communism in Romania has allowed a discussion of these themes to be more fully informed and to this end English translations of open letters from a number of writers are appended. Some of these were passed to the author for dissemination in 1989.     

Voices of Change: Short Stories by Saudi Arabian Women Writers: Edited and translated by Abubaker Bagader,Ava M. Heinrichsdorf,Deborah S. Akers. Additional Translations by Abdul-Aziz Al-Sebail

Book reviewed in this article: Within the Circle: Parents and Children in an Arab Village: Andrea B. Rugh     

侵华日军中“笔部队”的“文学报国”

在日本文学史上,有一批为法西斯军国主义侵略战争高唱赞歌、涂脂打气;为日本国民战争狂热鼓噪喧嚣、推波助澜;为天皇笔战、为天皇献身的法西斯作家——“笔部队”。他们包括长期在军队服役并直接参与作战的“军人作家”;受日本内阁情报派遣到侵华前线体验战争的“从军作家”及受报社、杂志社派遣或自愿赶赴前线的“民兵”。“笔部队”的这些作家受军国主义思想的影响,在扭曲的“大亚洲主义”和狭隘的“文学报国”思想支配下,本着“吾为君书,吾为君亡”的精神,心甘情愿地投身于侵略战争。     

院政时期的和汉作家的和歌表现手法--在良和资隆

Ⅰはじめに 古来、和歌と汉诗文双方をよくした、いわゆる和汉兼作の歌人は少なくないが、特に大江匡房などは意外なはど和歌において古来、和歌こ汉诗文双方をょくした、ぃゎゅゐ和汉兼作の歌人受容に慎重でぁるように见受けろれる(注一).それは、汉诗文の和歌への受容に際し、多くの问题が存在することを熟知していたためと思われる.ここでは、院政期の代表的な文人の一人でぁる菅原在良と、和h兼作家の藤原资隆の二人を例に、前者に汉诗文的な発想が歌作に影响を与う、またそれがどのような问题を孕んでいるのかを探り、後者には和歌における汉诗文受容の手法について考える.