Before September: A History of Counter-terrorism in New Zealand

The events of 11 September 2001 have prompted many states throughout the world to reinvigorate and strengthen their focus on countering terrorism. Surprisingly New Zealand, arguably a relatively unlikely target for terrorist action, already had in place a very comprehensive set of counter-measures both prior to this more recent event and even before the bombing of the Rainbow Warrior in the mid-1980s. This article investigates why and how a state as 'secure' as New Zealand has purposely created a comprehensive set of counter-terrorist measures over the years. Reasons of caution and prudence in the domestic arena are perhaps sufficient, but this article further asserts that various other 'international' elements have also been, and will continue to be, major factors in the development of legislative and substantive counter-terrorist measures in New Zealand.     

Antipodeans Abroad: Trends and Issues in the Writing of New Zealand Mission History

There has been a paucity of reflective and contextual analysis of New Zealand's historical involvement in the international missionary movement. This article suggests that existing literature falls into four categories: denominational/organizational histories; biographies and personal narratives; unpublished university theses; and a small body of more reflective and contextual works. Historical analysis since 1990 reflects wider historical discourses, rather than being the specific product of mission history. Valuable analysis has focused on women's involvement, culture contact, and the relationship between New Zealand missions, European colonialism and indigenous nationalist movements. Yet the theological nature of missionary involvement has been less extensively understood, obscuring the nuanced nature of things like missionary motivation and the relationship with colonialism. A lacuna still exists with respect to: a comprehensive and comparative analysis of post‐1945 missionary involvement; micro and macro‐historical analysis of missionary support; the gendered nature of missionary support; and the role of children and young people in missionary structures and discourse.     

The Forgotten History of the Protestant Crusade: Religious Liberalism in Ireland1

Irish historians do not generally identify religious liberalism as a feature of the 1820s. Instead, they have mapped religious conflict onto increasingly binary conflicts in the socio‐economic, cultural, and political spheres. The “Second Reformation” missionary movement put evangelicals and Catholics on a direct collision course and, consequently, historians have argued that it was a key factor in the emergence both of Irish Catholic nationalism and Protestant defensive co‐operation. However, the Crusade also produced a strong Protestant backlash alongside the growing sectarian conflict. In County Limerick, for example, two versions of Church of Ireland opposition emerged during 1820, among high church clergy including Bishop Jebb and among liberal Protestant gentlemen. Instead of closing down debate into rigid binary opposition along sectarian lines, the Limerick evidence shows that the Crusade produced a much more complex religious, social, and political debate than historians have recognised which, in turn, made possible a wider range of responses to key Irish problems.     

关于世界民族宗教问题的几点启示——辽宁省民族与宗教问题考察团考察报告

辽宁省民族与宗教问题考察团历经欧洲和非洲主要国家,考察了这些国家的民族与宗教问题,以及各国家政府解决本国民族与宗教问题的政策和措施。考察团通过与专家交流、实地参观等形式,对世界民族与宗教问题形成几点体会。主要有:民族问题是国家政治永恒的主题,解决民族问题是各国政府长期的任务;各民族共同繁荣发展,缩小发展差距,是当今世界各国政府面临的主要问题,尤其在欧洲发达国家更是如此;城市化进程中民族问题日益突出;宗教对社会具有极大的影响作用,因而,国家的宗教政策直接关系政治稳定、社会和谐。     

上海接财神习俗的历史与现状研究

上海接财神习俗大致经历了三个时期,即流行扩张时期、逐渐衰落乃至停顿时期、恢复兴盛时期。民国以来,由于来自西方的科学文明话语对传统民俗的批判以及政治革命对传统生活方式的干预,接财神习俗一直处于被抑制状态。解放后,政府多次推动并主导大规模群众性政治运动,在民众生活方面进行"破旧立新",导致接财神习俗活动在"文革"期间几乎完全停顿下来。改革开放以后,政治高压解除,市场经济发展,宗教政策宽松,接财神习俗活动得到重新恢复,并形成了当下上海人接财神热情高涨的局面。