From Imperialism to Internationalism: British Idealism and Human Rights

ABSTRACT

The article provides a historical account of the younger generation of British Idealists’ (1880–1930) approach to international relations and human rights. By focusing on pre-Great War and post-Great War periods, it reveals the shift that occurred in their approbation of T. H. Green's theory of rights. It shows that the Great War put an end to perceptions of the Empire as a plausible and sustainable international order for the younger generation of British Idealists, as it did for the significant majority of liberal British intellectuals. Their work, especially in the post-Great War period, reveals an attempt at translating Green's theory of rights into an internationalist human rights theory, which they saw as being indispensable to maintain a stable international order. As an alternative to contemporary attempts to locate Green's rights theory within the cosmopolitan–communitarian divide in human rights theories, this study draws attention to the younger generation of British Idealists’ long neglected internationalist approach to human rights as a middle way position.     

日本财阀和帝国主义——以三井物产株式会社为例

日本的财阀企业和侵略战争之间究竟是一种什么样的关系?日本侵华战争背后的资本主义要求是什么?这一要求是以什么样的方式表现出来的?资本主义和企业的经济利害关系如何转化为侵略战争?为解决这些问题,本文以不同于列宁的帝国主义论的新视角,选取日本资本主义的代表性企业三井物产株式会社为研究对象,具体分析日本财阀和侵略战争之间的内在联系,努力探求侵略和战争的真正原因和规律性.     

从后现代主义到浪漫主义——一种史学观念的回归

浪漫主义史学与后现代主义史学都是对现代性作出的回应。基于对空间的关注,它们都反对现代主义的线性历史观,强调史学研究的多重视角。在历史观念和历史书写上,它们呈现出诸多相似性:如对特殊主义、地域主义、偶然性、奇闻轶事、多元性、开放性、差异性的强调;在怀乡情绪中表现历史写作的诗性和审美维度;对微观史和日常生活史的书写等。这表明后现代主义史学在某种程度上是对浪漫主义史学更高层次的回归。