年鉴图照存在的问题与编辑

正图照是年鉴的重要组成部分,没有图照的年鉴不是完整的年鉴,没有高质量图照的年鉴也不可能是优质年鉴。因此年鉴图照问题值得研究。存在的问题1.认识不到位。“重文轻图”,在年鉴界根深蒂固,总认为图照是文字的附属和补充。其实图照与文字、表格同样重要,缺一不可。缺少图照,如同缺少文字、表格一样,年鉴就不是真正的完整年鉴。     

年鉴随文图照选编的实践与思考

<正>年鉴图照可以从各个不同侧面,形象地反映一个地区上年度政治、经济、文化、社会发展变化的新情况、新成果,是年鉴内容的有机组成部分。直观、明晰的随文图照表现力丰富,是文字条目内容的有机组成部分。本文结合地方综合年鉴的编纂实践,就年鉴随文图照的题材选取、质量要求和编排原则,谈一点粗浅的体会。一、题材选取一是主题鲜明。一幅完美的随文图照,不仅可以     

论年鉴编修中表格的运用

年鉴表格是年鉴运用文字或数字说明事物的重要形式,大多附属于条目文字之后,成为条目内容的组成部分,与条目文字相辅相成,相得益彰。年鉴表格是年鉴的一种体裁,在年鉴中得到广泛使用。编纂人员和撰稿人要重视年鉴表格使用,认识表格的作用,掌握表格的类型与特点,编制科学规范的表格,提升年鉴的质量和品位。     

浅析图表运用对新时代年鉴质量提升的重要作用——以11部全国精品年鉴为例

图表是年鉴编纂体裁的一部分。年鉴中的图表包括图和表。图包括书前彩页图片、随文图片。表包括各类表格,以及带有统计意义的柱状图、饼状图、折线图等各类统计图形。随着年鉴的发展,图表越来越受到编纂者重视,图表在年鉴中的运用也越来越广泛。然而,目前年鉴中的图表还存在一些问题,如选题不准、编排不规范等。笔者以11部全国精品年鉴为例,从精品年鉴图表使用情况、年鉴图表运用的重要性、年鉴图表选取方法、年鉴图表设置原则四个方面,探讨图表科学运用对于新时代年鉴质量提升的重要作用。     

关于年鉴彩页组稿中的几个问题

较之年鉴文字而言,年鉴彩页有其独特的客观、真实、鲜明、生动的视觉形象,与年鉴文字记载相互补充、相互印证,达到图文并茂、交相辉映的效果。人们通常习惯“看报看题、看书看皮”。读年鉴也总是先翻彩页再看文字。年鉴彩页内容丰富,制作精美,就能吸引读者;反之读者就会兴味索然。年鉴彩页实际上是年鉴的招牌、窗口,也是一部年鉴的“导读”。     

浅论地方综合年鉴资料质量的提高

年鉴的功能和作用是通过资料来体现的,因此,资料质量的提高显得尤为重要。资料是年鉴的基础,要做到丰富翔实。年鉴资料一般包括文字、数据、图片三大类。编年鉴要将文字、数据、图片有机地结合,要丰富年鉴的资料信息。总之,编辑一部优秀年鉴,首先要注重资料的质量,资料一定要真实、丰富,做到点面结合,只有这样,才能提高年鉴整体质量。     

志书图照的史料价值——以《辛亥革命福建英杰图志》为例

图照是现代志书的重要组成部分,具有证文、补文、彰文的特殊作用,它与文字互为表里,构成一个完整的信息体系,使志书的价值性更高、艺术性更强、感染力更大。本文以《辛亥革命福建英杰图赫（以下简称《图劫）一书为例,谈谈图照在现代志书中的价值。     

谈地方综合年鉴的节奏美

地方综合年鉴的节奏主要指“概况”点面结合、详略简繁的互补,“解说”深入浅出和事、理、情的融汇,“汇辑”多类型、多方位、多形式的反复再现,“工具书”文字、图、表、照片的穿插,检索方式的交替,页面色彩的变化,以及“年度出版物”整体格调的似曾相识等。突出讲究年鉴节奏这一艺术和方法,将使地方综合年鉴的编纂更加完美,满足广大受众在查看地方综合年鉴时,调动其思维精力,调节其心理状态,调整其阅读方式的间隙性的审视需要。     

俄藏黑城出土西夏水月观音图像研究

在俄罗斯艾米塔什博物馆收藏的黑城出土西夏佛教艺术品中,有两件水月观音图像,最近在其展览图册《ПЕЩЕРЫТЫСЯЧИБУДД》中予以刊布。这两幅水月观音图,与榆林窟、东千佛洞绘制之水月观音像风格同出一辙,区别主要是在配图上。在X-2439号配图中有一幅乐舞图,经过对图像中人物、乐器、舞蹈内容的研究,这是西夏时期的乐舞图像,也是目前仅存的西夏乐舞图像。     

强化图片编辑 提高年鉴品味

年鉴照片是年鉴内容的重要组成部分,它与文字资料相结合。使读者直观地了解一个地区、一个部门、一个行业的真实情况,起到见证历史、体现特色、美化版面、充实内容、存史镜鉴等作用,增强了年鉴的可读性,激发人们阅读年鉴的兴趣。它相当于年鉴华丽的外衣,体现年鉴的品味．代表编者的水平。     

Climate and energy security policies and measures: synergies and conflicts

Concerns about climate and energy security are leading to increased government intervention in the energy sector, in particular as they relate to the choice of energy supply options. While many of these options will improve both energy and climate security, many measures will benefit one while harming the other. This raises an important question for governments and energy planners: how can conflicts between climate and energy security be resolved? This article outlines some of the barriers and problems that may arise as governments and companies try to address climate and energy security concerns simultaneously in various energy supply areas. It concludes by arguing against choosing one objective over the other, and by outlining steps that can be taken to help resolve conflicts between the two agendas.     

我和我的兄弟姐妹

1938年．我出生在金沙江畔一个叫巴塘的小县城里。生在哪一天．至今不知道．因此．六十多年过去了．我从来也没有过过生日。     

Challenger and Chernobyl Lessons and Reflections

Abstract

It is argued that Psychological research on 'race' and 'ethnicity' issues presents a number of ethical problems. These relate to the sociopolitical impact of such research, particularly when it purports to find differences of an 'innate' character; to the use of naive subjects, particularly children, in research which is aimed at demonstrating their 'inferiority'; and, within the academic community itself, to the working relationships between researchers who believe in 'innate' 'race' differences and colleagues belonging to allegedly 'inferior' groups – this being particularly significant within a teaching environment. Although the 'race differences' question has a long and controversial history, ethical issues relating to the research process itself have received less focused attention. Moreover, replacement of the genetically obsolete concept of 'race' with the idea of 'ethnicity' does not solve the problem entirely, and the term 'ethnicity' is itself unsatisfactory in several respects.     

Power and Ethnicity History and Anthropology

This essay reflects on the relationship between anthropological and historical scholarship of ethnicity, picking up on themes explored by Andre Gingrich, by considering the epistemological and evidentiary limitations of social scientific and historical analysis and reconstruction. Beginning with the consideration of the pioneering transdisciplinary efforts of Robert Darnton and Clifford Geertz, it argues that many of the weaknesses ascribed to such efforts are actually part of the nature of social scientific investigation which, in the terms of Peter Winch, must take into account two sets of relationships: that of the relationship between the scientist and the phenomena that he or she observes and the symbolic system that he or she shares with other scientists, which can only be understood from the social context of common activity. How these two relationships challenge social scientific analysis of ethnicity are examined through a consideration of the difficulties of applying Anthony Smith's definition of an ethnie to either Fredrik Barth's classic essay on “Pathan Identity and its Maintenance” or Helmut Reimitz's study of Frankish identity. It concludes that neither anthropologists nor historians are simply describing societies as they are or as they were but rather attempt to describe societies as witnesses within them thought they should be, and we do this for our own society, not for those of the participants, past or present.     

Of Demons and Angels and Historical Humans: Some Events and Questions in Translation and Post-colonial Theory

In what follows, I attempt to show that a look at some curious examples of translations from European texts makes us think about issues in translation theory and post-colonial theory from a slightly different angle. The metaphor of translation can very well be employed for understanding the relation between European texts, and some texts and some social and political practices in India in the colonial period, and this in turn helps us look critically at what I shall call our fuzzy post-colonialism. I also argue that Walter Benjamin's metaphor of translation as the after-life of a work can be extended to posit two basic modes of after-life.     

后伊拉克时代与中国的内政外交--普遍主义与单边主义的冲突

"9·11"事件后,冷战后的国际政治格局发生了重大变化.其最大特征可以概括为以下两点:第一,确立了以唯一超级大国--美国为核心的以反恐为普遍主义的全球性安全阵线;第二,美国的爱国主义、民族主义戏剧性地高涨起来.就像当时有人强调因为全世界有60多个国家的人在世界贸易中心工作,所以对世贸中心的攻击就是对全世界的攻击那样,在美国国民中普遍存在着这样的观点:因为美国社会自身就是世界的缩影,所以星条旗也可被看作是超越一国国界的全人类的普遍象征.