重庆丰都长江以北地区表层土壤重金属污染及其生态风险评价

本次研究以丰都县长江以北地区表层土壤为研究对象,系统测试分析了3762件土壤样品.利用基本的数学统计法、地累积指数法、污染负荷指数法、内梅罗指数法、潜在生态风险指数法对测试数据进行统计分析.探讨了研究区表层土壤重金属的含量特征,开展了土壤重金属污染评价和生态风险评价.研究结果表明,研究区内表层土壤重金属基本处于无污染状...     

不同热释光法测定洛阳唐三彩年代结果比较

采用前剂量法和细粒混合矿物技术法共测定了11件洛阳唐代、民国与现代三彩样品的年代,并对其结果进行了比较.用前剂量法测定11件洛阳三彩样品年代都得到了较好的结果,其中5件唐代洛阳三彩样品的测定年代都落在唐代年限范围内;5件烧制于1996年的仿唐代洛阳三彩样品的测定年代都在最近几十年范围内;一件民国仿唐代洛阳三彩样品的测定年代为距今114年.用细粒混合矿物技术法也测定了上述11件洛阳唐三彩样品的年代.其中5件洛阳唐代三彩样品中只有1件样品的测定年代结果落在唐代年限内;5件烧制于1996年的仿唐代洛阳三彩样品的测定年代都在最近二十年范围内,得到了较好的结果.一件民国仿唐代洛阳三彩样品的测定年代为距今882年,其结果显然是错误的.因此,选择合适的热释光方法测定洛阳唐三彩器物的年代非常重要.     

岩石抗拉试验劈裂法测试技术的探讨

通常情况下用来对岩石的抗拉强度进行测定的方法有很多,一般可以分为直接拉伸法以及间接拉伸法两种,然而,使用直接拉伸法进行试验会受到夹持条件等的限制,所以,对岩石的抗拉强度进行测定的时候通常使用的都是间接拉伸法,也就是劈裂法.文章从抗拉强度的定义以及影响因素、劈裂法与其实验的影响因素、实验中所用到的设备、整个实验的操作步骤、对实验数据工程的处理以及对实验结果进行分析等问题出发,对岩石抗拉试验劈裂法测试的技术进行探讨.     

汉代食饮杂考

古代人的社会生活状况,是我们了解古代历史的重要方面,其重要意义不言而喻.但由于汉代食饮状况的材料或缺载,或记载分散,或古今名实的差异,今人对之进行研究并不容易.幸而近年不断有地下材料出土,可以帮助我们结合文献对汉代食饮状况进行研究.但是由于时隔久远和记载模糊,学界对许多方面的的理解还存在歧见.可以进行讨论的内容主要有1.大豆黄卷;2.豆脯;3.茄子等;4.狗(月習)马朘等;5.饼食;6.糁与饺子;7.寒粥;8.素食;9.浆;10.乳.考证不敢断为必当,但提供了一个继续进行此项研究的基础.     

固体主动采样法用于检测博物馆内二氧化氮

为了寻找适合博物馆柃测要求的NO2测定方法,选择分子筛为填充担体,TEA与DEA为复配吸收剂,采样管柱长为5cm,管径为5．5mm,采样流速为100—160ml／min,建立了固体主动采样法。经与常规溶液法和仪器法测定结果比较,三种采样法测得的NO2浓度在精密度和总体均值上均无显性差异,具有高度相关性和可比性。它们之间的回归直线关系存在,可用于环境现场二氧化氮的检测。     

阳光体育运动的开展对河北医科院校大学生体质健康影响

本文通过文献研读,采取文献资料法、实验法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等方法,结合河北医科大学、承德医学院、张家口医学院学校特点、学生实际情况和其现阶段阳光体育运动的开展状况,对研究对象在特定时间内做两次体质健康检测,将所需指标进行统计学整理研究,通过对比结果展示阳光体育运动的前后,被测试学生各项成绩的变化,证明阳光体育运动的开展对学生各项体质测试指标的提高是有促进作用的。为更好的在医学院校开展阳光体育运动,而达到增强学生体质健康提供理论依据和时间帮助,以供决策者参考。     

宁夏贺兰山苏峪口沟摩崖石刻调查及其相关问题

在20世纪80年代初期进行的贺兰山综合考察中,宁夏文物考古工作者许成先生和牛达生先生曾在距离苏峪沟谷约10公里的石壁上发现4尊石刻佛像,并作了简要的记录,收录在<贺兰山文物古迹考察与研究>一书中①.为了更好地保护苏峪沟内的考古遗存,2008年10月,贺兰山苏峪口风景区管理处组织专业人员再次对上述摩崖石刻及周围的状况进行了调查.     

新疆旅游经济驱动因子的量化分析

以新疆旅游为例,针对可能影响新疆旅游发展的指标变量,运用因子分析法、聚类分析法就新疆各地州市的旅游经济驱动因子及其相似性进行定量化的综合评价。因子分析得出：社会经济发展状况是影响新疆旅游经济发展的第一主因子,旅游资源状况为第二主因子,口岸开放状况、贸易状况分别为第三、四因子。运用回归法对因子分析进行进一步研究,证明第一因子确实对旅游收入的影响最大,第二因子旅游资源状况也是旅游创收的重要动力。     

满族传统体育纳入辽宁高校体育课程资源体系可行性分析

以满族传统体育为研究对象,综合采用文献资料法、田野调查法、问卷调查法、访谈法和逻辑分析法,对辽宁多所高校大学生的体育需求,师生的满族传统体育基础以及现有体育课程内容开展状况等进行调查研究.研究认为,将满族传统体育项目纳入辽宁高校体育课程资源体系具有现实可行性:一、符合高校体育课程改革需要.二、高校师生满族体育基础牢固广泛,易于开展.三、内容丰富、形式多样,可以满足大学生的多元化体育需求.四、能为高校创建校本体育特色提供可能和具体保障.五、有利于打造辽宁民族文化品牌、有利于满族文化研究的可持续发展.     

德州市羽毛球爱好者羽毛球运动消费调查研究

本文运用文献资料法,问卷调查和数据统计法对德州市羽毛球爱好者羽毛球运动消费状况进行了调查研究。研究表明羽毛球爱好者具有高学历,高收入,经济独立的特点,羽毛球爱好者进行羽毛球运动消费的动机以强身健体为主。     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

The Chemists' Style of Thinking

Der Denkstil der Chemiker. Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Tragfähigkeit des Begriffes “Denkstil”, wie er von Alistair Crombie eingeführt und Ian Hacking aufgegriffen wurde, für das Verständnis dessen, wie das Fach Chemie historisch seine Identität ausgeprägt hat. Obwohl weder Crombie noch Hacking den Begriff “Denkstil” in Bezug auf einzelne Disziplinen verwendet haben, erscheint im Fall der Chemie seine Anwendung besonders vielversprechend, weil er hier hilft, ein zentrales Problem zu thematisieren – nämlich die Frage, wie es Chemikern trotz wechselnder Gegenstandsbereiche und theoretischer Umbrüche gelang, eine eigenständige und stabile Identität auszubilden. Nach einer Einführung in den Begriff “Denkstil”, argumentiert der Aufsatz, dass die Beständigkeit der Chemie als eines Faches wesentlich in ihren Laborpraktiken gründet, die ihrerseits wiederum die spezifische Art der Fragen bestimmten, die Chemiker in ihren Forschungen stellten bzw. die Form der Antworten, nach denen sie suchten. Folgende Merkmale kennzeichnen diesen “chemischen Denkstil” (1) eine spezifische, im Herstellen begründete Form des Wissens, (2) die Befassung mit einzelnen Stoffen und Materialien statt mit Materie im Allgemeinen und (3) eine Beobachtung von Natur besonders im Hinblick auf Transformationsprozesse. The Chemists' Style of Thinking. This paper discusses the relevance of the notion of “styles of scientific thinking” introduced by Alistair Crombie and revisited by Ian Hacking, for understanding how chemistry shaped its identity. Although neither Crombie nor Hacking applied this notion to individual disciplines, it seems appropriate to use it in the case of chemistry because it helps to address a puzzling issue: how did chemists manage to shape an identity of their own, despite shifting territories and theoretical transformations? Following a presentation of the notion of style, I will argue that the stable identity of chemistry is rooted in laboratory practices, which determined the specific questions that chemists put to nature as well as the answers to their questions. The “chemical style of thinking” is characterized by i) a specific way of knowing through making, ii) the concern with individual materials rather than matter in general and iii) a specific commitment to nature.