The Perils of the Back Seat: Date Rape,Race and Gender in 1950s America

Dating among white American teenagers in the 1950s caused parents considerable concern, as it represented disturbing developments in sexual expectations. While the rhetoric surrounding marriage celebrated traditional gender roles and monogamy, Americans bemoaned social and moral decay, caused in part by women's encroachment on male prerogatives. Sexual experience for boys increasingly became a defining gender characteristic and a means of achieving manhood as well. Ideas about proper marital norms and studies of dating practices among young people naturalised male aggression as proof of masculinity, which made girls, even ‘respectable ones’, vulnerable to violence from their dates. As teens' acceptance of going steady became more widespread, older racialised narratives of sexual danger evolved to incorporate new dating trends. Whereas American, and especially southern white, women knew the dangers of the supposed ‘black beast rapist’, they learnt during the 1950s that a special danger could confront them in the back seat of cars, despite the presence of their white, male date. Even with a white protector, white women remained vulnerable to violence on dates, whether from black men or from their white date. As dating conventions loosened, white women found that that the perils of the back seat only increased.     

黑龙江将军驻地迁移新谈

清代黑龙江将军初驻黑龙江左岸的瑷珲旧城,续迁黑龙江城、墨尔根城及齐齐哈尔城.这3次迁移备受后人指责.雍正初年,黑龙江将军驻地得到了第四次迁移机会,但在黑龙江将军陈泰的反对下,雍正皇帝放弃了第四次迁移黑龙江将军驻地的计划.     

Futurologists Look Back

The gulf between indigenous and western experiences in the Americas may appear so vast as to obscure the relevance of knowledge about the ancient past to challenges of today. Yet, in imaging alternative futures, people of varied cultural dispositions find experiential accord. As both product of and precedent for social action, materiality provides archaeologists some purchase on interventions of change. In the recursive relationships between place and being, between thing and entanglement, we observe temporalities that privilege historical practice as the locus of social action. Examples from the ancient American Southeast illustrate what form an archaeology of alternative futures might take.     

Back to Gamdeling

The Township Village of Gamdeling is situated in District Naiqung, County of Doilungdeqen, Lhasa. It is the place where I began to establish a relationship with Tibet. Halfa Century＇s Concern and Remembrance In the early spring of 1963, as a junior student majoring in Tibetan at the Department of Minority Languages and Literature in the Central College for Nationalities, I set foot in Tibet for the first time. The first place I saw was the Township Village of Gamdeling, where I went to work with the liberated serfs who were undergoing a democratic reform. I helped set up grass roots political power. Being together day and night, I studied Tibetan with them and taught singing to children in the primary school. There, I learned to recite Tsangyang Gyatso＇s poem, On the Peak of the Eastern Mountain, from which the well- known name ＂Makye-ame＂ comes. Since July 20, 1963, the day on which I departed, I have had no opportunity to return to Gamdeling. These years, by radio, newspaper and internet, I got to know that a famous vegetable and flower producers＇ cooperative was built in Gamdeling. I can collect hundreds of reports about Gamdeling on line. The news makes me excited, because I know Gamdeling is going forward with Tibet. How about my old Tibetan friends？ How about their life now？ Who are even still alive？ On August 30, 2011, on the occasion of a short business trip to Lhasa while accompanied by a friend, I stepped on the land again. Tenzin Wodrup＇s Vegetable Greenhouse Across the bridge over Tohlung Chu of the Lhasa River, we entered the area of Gamdeling. For me, everything was so familiar but yet strange! We stopped our car in front of a building with the sign of ＂Vegetable and Flower Exhibition and Trade Center of the Gamdeling Farmers＇ Vegetable Cultivation Cooperative, the County of Doilungdeqen＂. By the gate there was a stall selling local watermelons. Having taken some pictures, we drove northwards into the district of the vegetable greenhouses, intending to find a local and ask the way. It took five or six minutes for our ear to circle around the area, from which, we can see how big the district was. In time, I saw a middle-aged farmer with a bright T-shirt standing on the road. I got out and asked him about Tsering Dondrup. To my surprise, he was from Gamdeling and lived in the same Village of Chabka as Tsering Dondrup, and they were relatives The man＇s name was Tenzin Wodrup. He promised to take us to call on Tsering Dondrup＇s. On both sides of the road that was straight, clean and paved with cement, there stood dozens of vegetable greenhouses in rows.     

Driving on Roads

On August 11 I flew to Lhasa with the purpose of finding people who could tell me more stories related to what the Tibetan call “the heavenly roads.”     

Driving on Roads

On August 18, 2004, we took the motor vehicle belonging to Dorje and carried out a series of interviews in the Nyingchi area.     

Jamyon Yeshi and His Driving School

<正>Sitting on the upper reaches of Lancangjiang River,Chamdo is the principal prefecture-level city of eastern Tibet.Since ancient times,it has been an important economic hub for merchants from Sichuan,Yunnan,and Qinghai.Influenced by this strong commercial atmosphere,there is a long and well-established entrepreneu rial tradition among Tibetans of Chamdo.In the fi rst half of the 20th centu ry,the legenda ry business mogul,Pangdatsang,was always someone the     

The Establishment Strikes Back

Book reviewed in this article:
William Bundy, A Tangled Web: The Making of Foreign Policy in the Nixon Presidency     

驾临新西兰 感受人间梦幻田园

<正>了解新西兰是从一本英文小册子开始的,册子的开头这样写道:新西兰(又译纽西兰)是国土面积比英国略大,比日本略小的国家,人口439万。经过两周的申请,我终于拿到了入境签证,踏上了驾临新西兰的神奇而难忘旅程。