丝绸之路古遗址保护

保存在我国西北的古遗址主要有两大类,一大类是石窟寺,另一大类是土建筑遗址。在古丝绸之路上,保存有大小石窟约600多处,主要分布在甘肃省和新疆维吾尔自治区,其次是陕西省和宁夏回族自治区,青海省石窟很少。除     

吴国青铜器之南方特征

吴国青铜器的类型与特征,学术界多有研究,有分为中原型、仿中原型和土著型三大类①;也有分为中原器（A）、仿西周青铜器（B1）、基本土著型（B2）和土著器（C）三大类四小类②。以上分类均以中原青铜器为参照标尺,以青铜器所呈现的中原风格与土著风格的多少来确定其类型。     

酒泉古城墙历史考述与调查

本文简述了酒泉的历史沿革,梳理了酒泉地区古城墙的修筑、发展和消亡过程,并根据保存现状提出了维修保护酒泉古城墙的建议。     

房地产企业建设工程类档案管理和归档的探讨

房地产企业工程类档案的内涵是指与工程建设有关的重要活动、记载工程建设主要过程和现状、具有保存价值的各种载体的文件,并依据国家对建设工程归档的一系列要求,归档形成的实体档案。     

古遗址与古建筑保护方法探索及应用

本文主要针对陕西境内保存大量古遗址及古建筑的现状和存在问题,重点在保护理念和方法上进行了探索,以尽最大的可能使文物的原始状态能够一直保存下去。对于遗址所采用的复原性保护和非复原型保护的两种手段做出了界定,另外对砖塔、木构建筑保护修缮也做了有益的尝试,并通过重要实例作出较详实的说明。     

论博物馆地理类型

博物馆地理类型,是根据博物馆所处的地理位置,地理环境情况,对博物馆进行分类的一种标准。目前,我国的博物馆地理类型主要有:市区类型博物馆、城郊类型博物馆、遗址类型博物馆、风景名胜古迹类型博物馆、园林类型博物馆。我国的博物馆学家黎先耀先生,曾根据不同的范畴和要求,把划分博物馆类型的标准归纳为七种。1、根据博物馆职能分为:全职能型博物馆、保存职能型博物馆、教育职能型博物馆、研究职能型博物馆、娱乐职能型博物馆;2、根据展品保存场所分为:室内展览型博物馆、室外展览型博物馆、原状保存型博物馆;3、根据服务对象分类;4、根据管理者分类;5、特殊类型的博物馆;6、根据博物馆的规模分类;7、根据陈列内容分类等。     

“古石桥之乡”福泉的明清古桥

精湛的建桥技艺,是先民智慧的结晶,"葛镜精神"不但是福泉代代承传的善举,而且创造了独一无二的石桥文化。各式各样的石桥经受了数百年的天灾人祸,至今仍昂首屹立,继续造福后代。能称古石桥之乡的,非贵州福泉莫属。全国第三次文物普查数据表明,福泉市境内现存各种造型的明清石桥120多座。这么多保存完好的古石桥,国内罕见。在《中国古桥技术史》中收录贵州的两座桥均在福泉,即明万历葛镜桥和清嘉庆吴家桥。著名桥梁专家茅以升称葛镜桥是中国古代石拱桥"变截面圆弧尖拱桥的典型代表",并赞誉"北有赵州桥,南有葛镜桥"。     

先秦时期青铜镞的形制与功能探讨

先秦时期的青铜镞形式多样,不同形式的镞有不同的用途,其用途主要分为两大类,一类是用于实战的,一类用于非实战.用于实战的镞包括战争与狩猎,非实战的镞主要是用于礼制及习俗.本文拟根据先秦时期青铜镞在形制上的特点,来探讨青铜镞在先秦时期的功能.     

甘肃省馆藏珍贵丝织类文物受损原因及保护对策分析

甘肃全省博物馆馆藏珍贵丝织类文物科技保护健康评估结果表明,丝织类文物基本处于开放式的自然保存状态,受藏品保存环境及相关因素影响,长期遭受环境腐蚀,目前亟需科学保护。本文对目前甘肃省丝织类文物藏品腐蚀病害类型及影响因素进行了分析,对藏品腐蚀受损原因进行了科学剖析;针对当前博物馆藏品所存在的主要问题,对藏品现状进行了综合分析和评估,提出了相关科学、合理的对策及建议。     

古代制陶所用黏土及羼和料——兼及印纹硬陶与原始瓷原料的区别

中国古代的制陶原料有黏土、羼和料两大类。根据光谱测定和化学分析的结果,可将制陶原料中的黏土分为普通易熔黏土、高铝质耐火黏土、高硅质黏土、高镁质易熔黏土;因羼和料不同,古代陶器除泥质陶外,还有夹砂陶、夹云母陶、夹蚌陶、夹骨屑陶、夹炭陶和夹陶末陶等。其中“高硅质黏土”的概念比较重要,可将印纹硬陶与原始瓷区分为两类不同的产品:制作印纹硬陶的原料是高硅质黏土,而原始瓷制胎的原料是瓷石类岩状矿物。     

Colonial Cottage to State House: One Century of Housing Styles in Gisborne,New Zealand

The small New Zealand city of Gisborne, with its roots in the lute Wth century, contains house styles characteristic of New Zealand's urban residential history. Small cottages, Colonial bungalows, simple Colonial Georgian and Regency styles, Victorian Gothic style houses, “villas,” “Bay Villas,” “California Bungalows” and “State Houses” are all found in Gisborne. Questions of the origin of each style and whether these styles display any distinctive New Zealand characteristics are addressed in this study.     

浙南木拱廊桥结构与起源探析

浙江南部山区庆元、景宁、泰顺、青田以及闽北寿宁等地遗存有较多数量历史悠久、结构独特、造型别致、地域特征明显的木拱廊桥。本详细阐述了浙南木拱廊桥的发展历史,对木拱廊桥的建筑结构、营建方式等进行了初步研究,重点探讨了浙南木拱廊桥与汴水虹桥在结构上的异同,认为浙南木拱廊桥有着独立的发展体系。     

中国国家线性文化遗产网络构建

全球化与快速城市化背景下,中华大地上的文化遗产受到了前所未有的威胁与破坏,特别是在国家历史上对维护国家政治稳定、经济发展、社会进步与文化交流发挥过重要作用的线性文化遗产亟待引起重视并得到系统保护。本文着重探讨了国家线性文化遗产网络的构建途径。通过将文献研究与专家问卷德尔斐法相结合,判别出了由19个线性文化遗产约250,000km线性要素所构成的国家线性文化遗产网络。以期在国土尺度上建立一个集生态与文化保护、休闲游憩、审美启智与教育等多功能为一体的线性文化遗产网络,在中华大地上形成一个彰显民族身份、延续历史文脉、保障人地关系和谐的文化"安全格局"。     

On the provenience of wood used in the manufacture of snuff trays from San Pedro de Atacama (Northern Chile)

The consumption of hallucinogenic substances is a long-standing tradition in the Americas. San Pedro de Atacama (SPA) in Northern Chile is the archaeological zone with the highest incidence of snuffing implements in the world. Snuff trays from SPA have been studied under a variety of prisms but their provenience, in particular that of the wood used in their manufacture, has not yet been addressed. The delicate nature of trays and their excellent state of preservation call for the use of non-invasive analytical methods. Wood density was used to demarcate a possible range of species and hence as a broad provenience marker, and its value determined for 169 trays from the museum at San Pedro de Atacama. The results showed that although some of the SPA snuff trays studied may have been manufactured with local wood, most of them used exogenous wood as raw material. At this point, it is not possible to ascertain the precise origin of such wood, but Bolivia and NWA appear as likely candidates. Three distinct styles have been defined for SPA trays: Tiwanaku, San Pedro, and Circumpuneño (encompassing the area around the Puna de Atacama and including SPA). The effect of style on density points to different sources of wood in Tiwanaku style trays and trays in San Pedro and Circumpuneño styles. As expected from geographically and temporally dynamic patterns of interaction of SPA with neighboring regions, diachronic differences in wood density distributions were found. Tray manufacturing technique was not dependent on wood density, suggesting that the skill of artisans and the quality of their tools allowed them to use any type of wood for their art work, independent of its complexity.     

Pottery Styles during the Early Jomon Period: Geochemical Perspectives on the Moroiso and Ukishima Pottery Styles

Energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF) was used to determine the minor and trace element chemistry of 92 Early Jomon pottery sherds. The sherds came from four contemporary sites in the Kanto region and belong to either the Moroiso or Ukishima style of pottery. Principal components analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis indicate that there are four major groups in the data set, which correspond to site location. Furthermore, for sites having both Moroiso and Ukishima pottery, the statistical tests indicate that both styles of pottery were made from the same or geochemically similar raw materials. This suggests that both styles were probably made at the same site, and indicates that if the different pottery styles are reflecting ethnic identity, then intermarriage between ethnic groups is occurring. Alternatively, the pottery styles could be reflecting some sort of social interaction between groups.     

Deerhurst Church,Gloucestershire

Abstract

The zoomorphic ornament of a group of sculptured crosses from Ryedale is here analysed in detail in terms of motif and style. Its Yorkshire context is defined and close parallels from Skaill, Orkney and Kirk Braddan on the Isle of Man are discussed. Origins for various style and motif elements are sought in insular and Scandinavian art. It is concluded that a group of sculptures in Ryedale, exemplified by the Sinning ton crosses, were produced in the second quarter of the tenth century during a period when Yorkshire was under strong Scandinavian influence and had close contacts with the Irish Sea Province. The ornament of the Sinnington crosses closely reflects Anglo-Scandinavian motifs and styles current in York and around the Irish Sea in this period. These Anglo-Scandinavian artistic developments reveal a complex assimilation of preceding English and Scandinavian artistic traditions and may have been a source for reciprocal influences on the arts in mainland Scandinavia. Following the abolition of Scandinavian kingship in York in 954, metropolitan art styles further developed, with prominently insular, particularly Mercian, rather than Scandianavian influences, while the sculpture of Ryedale became introverted and provincial with little evidence of further external influence.     

陕西文学地理初探

本文通过对形成现当代陕西文学地域差异的自然地理因素与人文地理因素进行研究,探索文学空间分异机制,构建文学地理学相应的理论框架。陕西文学发展程度存在地域不平衡,其中地理条件优越,经济、文化发达地区以及交通要道、文化交流较多的地区多是文学发展程度较高的地区。自然景观的单调与繁复除直接影响着文风的质朴与瑰丽外,更多的通过在地理环境基础上形成的有着独特区域特点的经济类型、生活方式,以及由此所衍生的民风民性等方面曲折地影响着文学家,进而影响其风格。     

Thirty years of anastelosis works on the Athenian Acropolis, 1975–2005

Abstract

The year 2005 saw the completion of thirty years of work on the new anastelosis of the monuments of the Athenian Acropolis. The works began solely as a means of rescuing the Acropolis monuments from the urgent problems they faced in the 1970s, especially fracturing and disintegration resulting from the rusting of the iron reinforcing elements that had been embedded in the monuments during earlier restorations. In the course of these works, however, various situations emerged, most of them previously unforeseen, which led to more extensive restoration interventions on the monuments. The purpose of these has been to correct the errors made during the earlier interventions, to improve the general state of preservation of the monuments and to display the inherent values and quality of the monuments in all their richness. To a certain degree, these interventions alter the conventional image of the Acropolis in a way that is significant but not dramatic. The works already completed, the current interventions on the monuments and the future programme are explained, along with the distinctive qualities of the interventions and the situations that emerged during their execution. Finally, the changing image of the Acropolis landscape is discussed.     

盛世瑰宝奏华章 西藏三大重点文物保护维修工程纪实

2009年8月23日上午,西藏布达拉宫、罗布林卡、萨迦寺三大重点文物保护维修工程竣工典礼在拉萨布达拉宫广场隆重举行。     

A STUDY OF ANCIENT CHINESE PORCELAIN WARES OF THE SONG‐YUAN DYNASTIES FROM CIZHOU AND DING KILNS WITH ENERGY DISPERSIVE X‐RAY FLUORESCENCE*

Multi‐variable statistical analysis based on energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence measurements on both porcelain body and glaze is employed to give clear and consistent classification of porcelain sherds from northern China of different styles from the Song‐Yuan dynasties (Ding and Cizhou styles), and also from the Sui‐Tang dynasties (Xing style). However, the observed separation is less clear for Cizhou style sherds produced at neighbouring kiln sites. Imitation Ding porcelain samples produced by ancient Cizhou potters are also analysed.