Dolní V stonice 15: Pathology and Persistence in the Pavlovian

Several lines of archaeological and human palaeontological data from the Moravian earlier Gravettian (or Pavlovian) indicate a high level of mobility among these earlier Upper Palaeolithic human populations. The congenitally abnormal young adult Dolní V stonice 15 human remains support this pattern. Dolní V stonice 15 suffered serious developmental abnormalities, most likely as a result of the X-linked dominant form of chondrodysplasia calcificans punctata, that included pronounced infantile and minor later childhood developmental defects of dental enamel (enamel hypoplasia), asymmetrical curvature and angular deformities of the proximal femora, asymmetrical shortening of the femora, a diaphyseal deformity of the distal right humerus, a probable healed left ulnar fracture with associated deformity of the radial diaphysis, elevated length asymmetries of the forearms, and an unusual pattern of anomalies of tooth position and number. These are combined with trivial intervertebral articular degenerations, plus localized pronounced osteoarthritis of the right glenohumeral joint and right second and fifth ray hand proximal interphalangeal joints. Yet, there is little asymmetry of the lower limbs distal of the mid-femora, and both diaphyseal hypertrophy of the humeri, femora and tibiae and relative arm and leg muscle attachment size and moment arms indicate a level of skeletal hypertrophy average to high for an earlier Upper Palaeolithic human. The severe upper limb osteoarthritis may indicate a pattern of pronounced and repetitive carrying or dragging of heavy loads. These data indicate the ability of the population to keep a severely affected individual alive through development, yet they also emphasize the necessity for all individuals to participate actively in the elevated mobility and overall activity levels of these earlier Upper Palaeolithic human populations.     

Folktales from the Ægean.

AVEST AFRICAN FOLK-TALES, collected and arranged by W. H. BARKER, B. Sc., and CECILIA SINCLAIR. London: George G. Harrap &; Co. 1917. Reviewed by E. Sidney Hartland.

OBSERVATIONS ON THE MUSSULMAUNS OF INDIA, DESCRIPTIVE, OF THEIR MANNERS, CUSTOMS, HABITS, AND RELIGIOUS OPINIONS, MADE DURING A TWELVE YEARS' RESIDENCE IN THEIR IMMEDIATE SOCIETY. By Mrs. MEER HASSAN ALI. Second Edition, Edited with Notes and an Introduction by W. CROOKE, late of the Indian Civil Service. Oxford University Press, 1917. Pp. xxviii + 442. Price 6s. net or on India paper, 7s. 6d. Reviewed by Vincent A. Smith.     

Shenyang People at the Foot of Mt. Tanggula简

<正>On the South Wall of Shenyang Apartment in Amdo County of Nagqu Prefecture,there is a poster which says"Serving the development and stability of Amdo with th...     

谐音.修辞.文化简

谐音是注重语音层面的一种修辞方法,同时又和文化密切相关。它在人们的生产、生活中应用广泛,是一个既有趣又复杂的问题。不同的话音组合方式,可产生不同的修辞效果。平仄相间使语言抑扬顿挫,使用韵脚让语言宛曲回环,谐音的使用则会增添语言的诙谐效果。语言是文化的主要载体,同时也是文化的一部分,语言反映文化既表现在词;r-上、语法上,也表现在语音上。汉民族凡事讲究对称、和谐、平衡,善于联想,这样谐音表义正好适应其思维方式和文化心理。     

The Making of Iconic Disloyalty: The Evolution of Liu Mengyan’s (1219 - ca. 1295) Image since the Thirteenth Century

This paper traces the deeds and evolving images of Liu Mengyan (1219–ca.1295), the top candidate in the 1244 civil service examination who was later promoted to Chief Councilor of the Southern Song (1127–1279) in 1275. After the Southern Song collapse, Liu joined the Yuan (1271–1368) government and continued his career as a high official. In contrast to the prominent Song loyalist Wen Tianxiang (1236–83), who enjoyed excellent posthumous fame, Liu Mengyan was repeatedly denounced upon his death and even became an icon of disloyalty. This paper examines how this image of disloyalty was forged from the late-thirteenth century onwards. It suggests that the way Liu’s contemporaries and later literati interpreted and portrayed his deeds depended on political and social circumstances, and this in turn related to the ideal loyalist prototype by which they considered Liu, as well as on their interpretation of the concept of loyalty and their attitudes towards non-Han “barbarians.”