如何进行高三物理试卷的讲评

在高三物理总复习中,试卷的讲评是非常重要的一环。试卷讲评课也是物理课堂教学的重要组成部分,上好讲评课能帮助学生改正错误,夯实基础,提高解题的规范性,提高分析、解决问题的能力。一堂好的讲评课,能使学生获益匪浅。     

新课改下物理教学侧重点探讨

新课改下,教学的改革逐渐侧重于,教学的重点逐渐的趋向于学习方法教学和学生能力的提高,教师要掌握住学生的认知规律,引导学生形成物理知识结构,注意物理习题解题方法的教学,提高学生的抽象思维能力,突出学生在学习中的主体地位。     

高中物理解题方法的策略

<正>高中物理解题能力是学生综合能力的集中表现,它既可以表现学生的动手能力,也可以表现学生分析问题的能力。开展物理解题方法研究,其目的是改变学生单纯地接受教师知识传输的方式,帮助学生形成一种主动探求,并重视解决实际问题的积极的学习方式,在解题过程中全面培养学生综合运用所学知识的能力、分析和解决问题的能力、语言文字表达能力、领导组织管理以及团结协作的能力,培养学生独立思考的习惯,激发学生的创新意识。开展物理解题方法研究,能更大程度地调动学生的学习积极性,充分挖掘学生的潜力。我们通过实际操作,取得了明显效果,具体步骤如下:     

物理解题理论的探讨

高中物理新课程标准要求,教育教学必须以教师为主导、学生自主学习为主要目标,为了适应现代教育的需要,教师应掌握完整的物理解题理论与解题能力,应当将物理解题的研究置于物理教学研究的大框架中,使研究的结果对整个教学过程提供完整的教学环节,产生明显的教学效果。     

如何提高学生物理实验能力

物理学是一门实验科学,物理学的建立和发展都是在实验的基础上进行的。实验能力的高低、实验素质的好坏,是衡量一个学生学习物理水平的标准之一。在各级物理竞赛中,实验部分都要占竞赛总分的30-40％。所以,要想在物理竞赛中取得好成绩,必须要提高物理实验的能力。物理竞赛是一项选拔物理学习尖子的活动,试题水平历来显著超出高中物理教学和高考水平,对学生的实验能力要求也比较高。在这两年的奥班物理教学中,我一直在探索如何提高学生物理实验能力。     

新课改下物理教学侧重点探讨

新课改下，教学的改革逐渐侧重于，教学的重点逐渐的趋向于学习方法教学和学生能力的提高，教师要掌握住学生的认知规律，引导学生形成物理知识结构，注意物理习题解题方法的教学，提高学生的抽象思维能力，突出学生在学习中的主体地位。     

试论高中物理实验存在的问题及解决对策

随着素质教育及新课改的进行,传统的高中物理教学已经不仅仅的局限于会解题、能考试了,更多的是要培养学生解决生活中实际问题的能力。显然,物理实验是最直接的一种方式。为了更好的发担物理实验在培养学生实际操作能力,笔者结合自身的实际工作经验对高中物理实验存在的问题及解决的对策进行了有效的研究。     

基于提高学生解题能力的高中物理习题课教学实践研究

<正>新课程标准提出了发展学生核心素养的要求,要想落实这一要求,习题教学有着重要的影响。在高中物理总课时中习题课占据着较大的比例,其教学效果直接影响着高中生物理综合能力的发展。但在习题课教学中,由于教学方式的单一性,课堂效率欠佳,不利于学生解题能力的提升。因此,需要创新习题课教学方式,提升学生的物理解题能力。     

如何提高高中物理解题能力

由于高中物理要求学生具有较强的空间立体感和思维能力,致使很多学生学不好物理并且存在畏惧心理。然而,高中物理又是高考考核的重点之一,使得它就像一座大山压在学生的心头,让学生的高中生活倍感压力。如何才能学好高中物理,一直是高中学生苦苦追寻的问题。学好物理不仅是要掌握课本的内容、理解基本概念,更重要的是有策略的做题,发挥学生的真实水平。本文主要针对如何提高学生空间感官和思维能力两个方面进行阐述如何提高高中物理解题能力。     

解题后的反思是提高高中物理解题实效性的必由之路

高中生具备一定的反思能力,要转变被动学习状态,拓展学习和探究物理问题的思维空间。懂得如何反思,从反思中提高应变能力,防止思维定势,从而避免陷入题海战术之中,提高解题效率,达到事半功倍的效果。     

关于人物入志的探讨

人物是地方志书要认真记述的重要内容。人物入志是发挥地方志书资治、教化、存史功能的需要,是社会各界人士了解人的作用的需要。人物入志的基本做法有：为去世的重要人物立传入志,为在世的重要人物写简介入志,列各类型的人物表入志,随党政部门、企事业单位、乡镇机构内容记述历任正职领导姓名。记述人物要注意解决记述内容见事不见人的问题;解决为在世人物立传的问题;解决人物入志范围过宽的问题;解决写人物简介和人物传略界限不清问题;解决记述人物出现错漏问题;解决人物传、人物简介排序混乱的问题;解决领导人照片入志存在的问题。     

中国国民政府与琉球问题

20世纪40年代,中国国民政府曾一度面临解决中、日之间悬而未决的琉球问题的有利时机。但是,由于国民政府内部分歧重重,以及二战后最高当局忙于内战,没有能够在该问题上达成任何政府共识,最终丧失了解决琉球问题的法理权。而且,伴随着东、西方冷战的加剧以及国民政府在国共内战后败退台湾,琉球问题被美国所操纵而成为美、日冲绳问题,从而给海峡两岸的中国人民留下深深的历史遗憾。     

Origins of molecular neurobiology: the role of the physicists

The revolution in the foundations of physics at the beginning of the twentieth century suggested to several of its most prominent workers that biology was ripe for something similar. In consequence, a number of physicists moved into biology. They were highly influential in initiating a molecular biology in the 1950s. Two decades later it seemed to several of these migrants, and those they had influenced, that the major problems in molecular biology had been solved, and that it was time to move on to what seemed to them the final problem: the nervous system, consciousness, and the age-old mind-body problem. This paper reviews this "double migration" and shows how the hopes of the first generation of physicist-biologists were both realized and dashed. No new physical principles were discovered at work in the foundations of biology or neuroscience. On the other hand, the mind-set of those trained in physics proved immensely valuable in analyzing fundamental issues in both biology and neuroscience. It has been argued that the outcome of the molecular biology of the 1950s was a change in the concept of the gene from that of "a mysterious entity into that of a real molecular object" (Watson, 1965, p.6); the gates and channels which play such crucial roles in the functioning of nervous systems have been transformed in a similar way. Studies on highly simplified systems have also opened the prospect of finding the neural correlatives of numerous behaviors and neuropathologies. This increasing understanding at the molecular level is invaluable not only in devising rational therapies but also, by defining the material substrate of consciousness, in bringing the mind-body problem into sharper focus.     

Results of a New Approach to Solving the p-Median Problem with Maximum Distance Constraints

Considerable interest has been directed in the past to developing approaches for solving the p-median problem with maximum distance constraints. All current solution techniques consider potential facilities to be located only at nodes of the network. This paper deals with the solution of this problem under the condition where facility placement is not restricted to nodes. The examples given show that improvement in weighted distance can be obtained by solving the unrestricted site problem. In addition, feasible solutions can be obtained for smaller numbers of facilities than possible by all nodal facility placement.     

Le scepticisme et les hypothèses de la physique

The History of scepticism from Erasmus to Spinoza is often called upon to support three theses: first, that Descartes had a dogmatic notion of systematic knowledge, and therefore of physics; second, that the hypothetical epistemology of physics which spread during the xviith century was the result of a general sceptical crisis; third, that this epistemology was more successful in England than in France. I reject these three theses: I point first to the tension in Descartes’ works between the ideal of a completely certain science and a physics replete with hypotheses; further, I argue that the use of hypotheses by mechanical philosophers cannot be separated from their conception of physics; finally I show that, at the end of the xviith century, physicists in France as well as in England spoke through hypotheses and I examine different ways of explaining this shared practice. Richard H. Popkin’s book serves therefore as a starting point for insights into the general problem: to what extent and for what reasons some propositions in physics have been presented as hypotheses in the xviith century?     

浅谈初中数学的启发式教学

根据初中数学的特点和初中学生的认知水平、高中升学考试中难度题的分值增加大,为了让学生能考出好成绩,帮助他们找到分析难题的方法,从而达到学会解题。     

Soviet Geographic Science and Problems of the Transformation of Nature

The author discusses the contribution that Soviet geography can make in solving broad problems of transformation of the natural environment. He cites as examples the Caspian problem, the problem of the surplus moisture of the West Siberian plain, the problem of Central Asian irrigation, the problem of snow-cover control, and the problem of altering the over-all water balance of a given area for the benefit of man.     

Yoshikatsu Sugiura's Contribution to the Development of Quantum Physics in Japan

Previous research in the history of physics has led us to believe that Yoshio Nishina (1890–1951) virtually single‐handedly imported quantum physics into Japan. However, there are first‐hand accounts that Yoshikatsu Sugiura (1895–1960) also played an important role. Sugiura made his name in quantum chemistry with his contribution to the Heitler‐London theory of the chemical bond. Yet, historians of physics have paid scant attention to him. This paper brings forward information on Sugiura from his letters, his scientific papers, and his own recollections until ca. 1930. By examining this material, the present paper studies Sugiura's accomplishments in Europe and his contributions to the development of quantum physics in Japan. We conclude that Sugiura was one of the most important physicists when it comes to the arrival of quantum physics in Japan. In addition, we assess why he has been under‐appreciated in the history of physics in Japan. Our historical study on Sugiura suggests that, in addition to the position Nishina and his students rightfully occupy, there still are important unexplored aspects in the history of Japanese quantum physics.     

A Book about the Origins and an Article about the Prospects of Constructive Geography in the Soviet Union

Academician Gerasimov reviews a collection of articles by A. I. Voyeykov (1842–1916), who laid the basis for what Gerasimov calls constructive geography, concerned with man's transformation of nature. The author takes issue with G. F. Khil'mi, a geophysicist, who regards the problem of transformation of nature as lying within the province of geophysics. Gerasimov insists that geographers should play the principal role in this field, using past accumulations of empirical data and new methods borrowed from mathematics, physics and chemistry.     

扬州唐子城城墙遗址的保护现状与思考

全国重点物保护单位扬州城遗址的保护状况令人担忧,尤其是唐子城城墙遗址屡遭破坏,成为扬州城遗址保护中既现实、又棘手的一大问题。对其破坏厚困进行分析,进而提出解决问题的一些方法。这对呼吁人们重视物,从而促进整个遗址的保护,无疑是有积极意义的。