Migration and Cultural Change: The Northern Iroquoian Case in South-Central Ontario

This paper explores processes of cultural change by contrasting migration scenarios with in situ cultural development. I argue that a detailed, fine-grained analysis of patterning within the archaeological record provides the means with which to distinguish between these scenarios. The archaeology of the Rice Lake–Trent River region in south-central Ontario provides a case study for the investigation of these processes of cultural change across the Middle to Late Woodland transition and in relation to the origins of Northern Iroquoians. Expectations for ceramic patterning are derived from each cultural change scenario and then evaluated against the regional database. This assessment is facilitated through the use of two statistical techniques: frequency distributions and correspondence analysis. The results clearly demonstrate both continuity and patterned change within the region, thus supporting the in situ hypothesis. I place these findings in a broader context through comparisons with contemporary developments in southern Ontario, southwestern Quebec and northern New York State.     

论转型期英国人口迁移模式的变化

转型期英国人口迁移以17世纪中叶为界先后形成了生计型迁移和改善型迁移两种模式。17世纪中叶以前,随着人口快速增长而出现乡村人口过剩,许多人为生计所迫,在原住地推力和城市拉力的双重作用下形成了生计型迁移模式。这一时期人口迁移具有相当的盲目性和不确定性。17世纪中叶以后,人口增长减速,经济地理布局日趋均衡,城市拉力作用减弱,人口迁移走向地方化和有序化,从而形成了改善型迁移模式。转型期英国人口迁移模式的变化深刻影响到向近代社会转型的历史进程。     

The Geographic Component of Mass Attitudes in Ukraine

An American political scientist analyzes the results of a recent survey of the population in Ukraine to explore whether social cleavages (based on ethnicity, language, religion, and region of residence) translate into basic divisions with respect to support for an independent Ukrainian state. Data are examined at both the aggregate (group) and individual levels, in an effort both to identify components of a unified set of attitudes toward independence among population groups and to provide an explanation for individual differences in loyalty to the concept of an independent Ukraine. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: H10, J10, 05. 2 tables, 33 references.     

清代驿传体系的近代转型

清代驿传体系曾以快捷、高效为特征为整个帝国的运转提供了强有力的支持 ,但到清代后期 ,在骚扰、侵贪等因素的影响下 ,驿传体系表现为迟滞、效率低下。在西方近代化的通讯、通信方式传入中国后 ,传统驿传体系固有的发展模式被打破 ,驿传体系的功能最终被近代化的交通、电报、邮政所取代     

Migration in a segmented labour market

"Current research in migration is moving on from neo-classical and behavioural perspectives to a more structural approach relating to wider processes, issues of power and the particular role of employers. Within this programme a key issue for investigation is the interaction between spatial mobility and the structuring of labour markets. This paper focuses on the significance of labour market segmentation--in terms both of job stability and gender--for migration, both theoretically and through an empirical analysis of data from the UK Labour Force Survey on sponsored and unsponsored moves."     

Population Oscillations in a Nonlinear Migration Model

The purpose of this paper is to prove the existence of Hopf bifurcations in Sheppard's generalized dynamic migration model. Hopf bifurcations appear as a result of structure changes in the system. First, we deal with the general case of H cities. Then, the case of two cities is dealt with.     

Teaching Geographic Information Systems in a Problem-Based Learning Environment

How, where and why GIS is taught has been debated heavily in the geography literature. This article is a contribution to that debate, because it offers a new perspective from which to teach GIS: problem-based learning. In a problem-based learning classroom, theoretical foundations and the real world of problems are understood as constitutive of one another, rather than theory being prioritised over the real world of experience. In this paper, the author describes an introductory-level GIS class in which GIS was taught with a problem-based learning pedagogy. The problem around which the class focused was a proposal to add a new school district in the San Antonio, Texas metropolitan region. This article describes the class, including the nature of the problem and the way GIS skills were sequentially taught and integrated into the analysis of that problem.     

Geographic Conferences in Havana

Professor Semevskiy, who is visiting professor at the University of Havana lists the proceedings of monthly geographic meetings in the Cuban capital. His previous report on geography at the University of Havana appeared in Soviet Geography, November 1963.     

Geographic Visualization in Archaeology

Archaeologists are often considered frontrunners in employing spatial approaches within the social sciences and humanities, including geospatial technologies such as geographic information systems (GIS) that are now routinely used in archaeology. Since the late 1980s, GIS has mainly been used to support data collection and management as well as spatial analysis and modeling. While fruitful, these efforts have arguably neglected the potential contribution of advanced visualization methods to the generation of broader archaeological knowledge. This paper reviews the use of GIS in archaeology from a geographic visualization (geovisual) perspective and examines how these methods can broaden the scope of archaeological research in an era of more user-friendly cyber-infrastructures. Like most computational databases, GIS do not easily support temporal data. This limitation is particularly problematic in archaeology because processes and events are best understood in space and time. To deal with such shortcomings in existing tools, archaeologists often end up having to reduce the diversity and complexity of archaeological phenomena. Recent developments in geographic visualization begin to address some of these issues and are pertinent in the globalized world as archaeologists amass vast new bodies of georeferenced information and work towards integrating them with traditional archaeological data. Greater effort in developing geovisualization and geovisual analytics appropriate for archaeological data can create opportunities to visualize, navigate, and assess different sources of information within the larger archaeological community, thus enhancing possibilities for collaborative research and new forms of critical inquiry.     

中国古代的避病移居习俗

中国古代有避病移居的习俗,即在某人生病之时,移居他处,希望以此康复。这种习俗源远流长,对它进行一番探讨,可以更好地了解中国古代的民俗文化。     

Migration in Finland,a multi-level system of regions

A systems approach is applied to the study of migration trends in Finland for the period 1971-1981, with particular attention to the period 1971-1978. The results indicate the existence of six permanent migration regions linked by a multilevel system. "The organization of this system varies from one part of the country to another, the most common modes being hierarchical tree flow networks belonging to a nodal system and polar and dendritic networks associated with a highly polarized system. The nodal system mode is seen to be increasing in currency."     

The Improvement of the Registration of Migration

One of the basic sources of information in Soviet migration research is the current system of registration of travelers, including migrants, at points of departure and arrival. Travelers fill out address sheets, including tear-off stubs, which are forwarded to statistical agencies for processing. A number of improvements in the registration system are suggested, both in the content of the information solicited and to insure more complete registration of departures and arrivals. Registration in urban places, which fall under the system of internal Soviet passports, is usually more complete and reliable than in rural places, which do not issue passports.     

Filipino Migration to Australia: The Image and a Geographer's Dissent

The Filipino population of Australia now exceeds 50,000 persons and has shown consistently high growth rates, doubling every four years since 1961. Almost no research on their population as a whole is available; but a substantial literature exists on that female portion of it which migrated to Australia for marriage. That portion b approximately one-third and is declining in relative significance. Results of analysis of 1986 Census data and a survey of 350 Filipino households are reported There appear to be significant differences in the distributional patterns of wholly and partly Filipino households which have implications for future growth and which are themselves apparently based on long-standing distributional variations in Australian masculinity ratios