论中国古代廉政思想

中国古代廉政思想是中国古代政治思想的重要组成部分,是中国传统哲学思想、伦理思想和政治思想相互融合的体现. 本文从廉政思想的内涵、廉政思想的理论基础、廉政思想的表现形式三方面对中国古代廉政思想进行了论述,并对中国古代廉政思想进行了总体评价.     

论中国古代藏书的管理制度与方法

中国上下五千年文明史,文化记载悠久而长远,从未发明造纸术开始,我们华夏民族的祖先就已经开始使用动物骨骼、贝壳等记载文字符号,用这种方式是我们的民族文化得以源远流长。自从发明了造纸术,这种文化的记载方式就变得更加方便和普及化,使得文化的传播更加便捷。顺应而生的就是古代的藏书管理制度,这是民族文化的整理以及传播制度,在不同的时代不同的时期有着不同的管理制度与方法,唯一不变的是中国古代藏书的管理制度在不断的完善。     

古代埃及瘟疫的传播和影响北大核心CSSCI

在古代埃及,瘟疫广泛存在且种类较多。尼罗河既是古代埃及人的主要水源也是其交通命脉,因此也成为瘟疫的主要传播途径。一方面,囿于当时社会生产力的发展水平,古代埃及人往往把瘟疫的发生理解为神明的惩罚,因此通常通过向瘟疫之神献祭并念动咒语的方式来驱逐瘟疫对人的伤害。另一方面,埃及人也能理性地面对瘟疫的发生,并积极运用医学知识治疗瘟疫,采取措施有效地阻止瘟疫的蔓延。瘟疫的传播不仅对古代埃及社会产生影响,而且也深刻地影响着埃及与其周边国家和地区的交往。同时,瘟疫的传播也是埃及与古代近东地区密切交往的结果。     

论中国古代廉政思想

中国古代廉政思想是中国古代政治思想的重要组成部分,是中国传统哲学思想、伦理思想和政治思想相互融合的体现。本文从廉政思想的内涵、廉政思想的理论基础、廉政思想的表现形式三方面对中国古代廉政思想进行了论述,并对中国古代廉政思想进行了总体评价。     

中国传统对外关系研究刍议

本文认为,以重大事件为中心的中国古代对外关系史研究,和以帝国主义侵华为话语的中国近代对外关系史研究,在当代带有严重的视域局限性.基于参与现代和对话现代的需要,它们可以归并到中国传统对外关系体系之中.而开展对中国传统对外关系的研究,不仅要考察朝贡体制在历朝的演变轨迹,还应关注封贡关系行为与对外政策、涉外思想三者之间的互动.     

诗意地栖居——古代文人的园中雅趣

2022年8月27日,“人·境——古代文人的园中雅趣”展在辽宁省博物馆对外开展。展览首次聚焦于中国逾千年传统绘画中最重要的创作母题之一:“园林宅邸”画及与之相关的古代绘画作品,旨在探讨和阐释中国古典园林文化的精神内核,引领广大观众在品味古代绘画的同时,去感知艺术背后所隐藏的中国古代文人的内心和精神世界,体悟古代文人基于儒释道思想所形成的特有的内敛静谧之气,为理解中国古代书画作品提供一个新的视角。     

中国古代公共关系思想与实践管窥

作为一种社会关系形态的存在,公共关系从人类文明的开端到今天的立体传播时代,都是人类社会的基本要素。20世纪80年代中后期,随着公共关系学科理论在中国蓬勃发展和广泛运用,针对中国古代公共关系的研究也逐渐深入起来。本文尝试从中国古代文献资料中略举相关案例,概说中国古代公共关系的历史存在,管窥其大致特点。     

对中国历史地理学渊源问题的再认识

传统认为中国历史地理学渊源于古代沿革地理。本文通过对古代地理学体系概念、学科关系及其著述特点的考察分析 ,认为中国古代地理学自形成以来便存在人文地理和自然地理两大系统 ,并逐步孕育形成了古代历史人文地理和历史自然地理。中国古代历史地理学是现今中国历史地理学的渊源。其中 ,古代历史人文地理与现代历史人文地理 ,古代历史自然地理与现代历史自然地理有着直接的承继关系。     

论民俗艺术传播的“意义空间”

在媒介的发展推动下,民俗艺术传播的"意义空间"发生了衍变,从着重于文化共享过程与风俗传承认同的初始意义,渐变为由媒介科技化介入之后的被表述、被干预的意义呈现。通过现代媒介传播的民俗艺术能够被媒介能动地反映与创造,而媒介技术的影像传播也造成了民俗艺术传播现场感的缺失与人际交流的淡化,媒介科技化与民俗艺术传播的互动关系将进一步促进关于民俗艺术传播"意义空间"的探寻、阐释与反思。     

丝绸之路上的古文明

在世界古代文明史上,东起中国古都西安、西至地中海之滨,横贯欧亚大陆的商贸大通道丝绸之路的出现,对这一地带经济文化的交流与发展,特别是各民族之间的交往起到了极其重要的作用。历史的喧闹虽已过去,时代的车轮却没有停下。厚重神秘的历史、丰富奇特的遗产、多彩而又凄恻哀婉的文化传播被世人所关注。     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

The Chemists' Style of Thinking

Der Denkstil der Chemiker. Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Tragfähigkeit des Begriffes “Denkstil”, wie er von Alistair Crombie eingeführt und Ian Hacking aufgegriffen wurde, für das Verständnis dessen, wie das Fach Chemie historisch seine Identität ausgeprägt hat. Obwohl weder Crombie noch Hacking den Begriff “Denkstil” in Bezug auf einzelne Disziplinen verwendet haben, erscheint im Fall der Chemie seine Anwendung besonders vielversprechend, weil er hier hilft, ein zentrales Problem zu thematisieren – nämlich die Frage, wie es Chemikern trotz wechselnder Gegenstandsbereiche und theoretischer Umbrüche gelang, eine eigenständige und stabile Identität auszubilden. Nach einer Einführung in den Begriff “Denkstil”, argumentiert der Aufsatz, dass die Beständigkeit der Chemie als eines Faches wesentlich in ihren Laborpraktiken gründet, die ihrerseits wiederum die spezifische Art der Fragen bestimmten, die Chemiker in ihren Forschungen stellten bzw. die Form der Antworten, nach denen sie suchten. Folgende Merkmale kennzeichnen diesen “chemischen Denkstil” (1) eine spezifische, im Herstellen begründete Form des Wissens, (2) die Befassung mit einzelnen Stoffen und Materialien statt mit Materie im Allgemeinen und (3) eine Beobachtung von Natur besonders im Hinblick auf Transformationsprozesse. The Chemists' Style of Thinking. This paper discusses the relevance of the notion of “styles of scientific thinking” introduced by Alistair Crombie and revisited by Ian Hacking, for understanding how chemistry shaped its identity. Although neither Crombie nor Hacking applied this notion to individual disciplines, it seems appropriate to use it in the case of chemistry because it helps to address a puzzling issue: how did chemists manage to shape an identity of their own, despite shifting territories and theoretical transformations? Following a presentation of the notion of style, I will argue that the stable identity of chemistry is rooted in laboratory practices, which determined the specific questions that chemists put to nature as well as the answers to their questions. The “chemical style of thinking” is characterized by i) a specific way of knowing through making, ii) the concern with individual materials rather than matter in general and iii) a specific commitment to nature.