Futurology in Soviet Geography

A review article of recent Soviet futurological articles in the geographical literature, suggesting the increased activity of Soviet geographers in the prognostication of the environmental effects of human activity. Several of the papers under review appeared in Soviet Geography: Review and Translation.     

Quantitative Methods in Archaeology: A Review of Recent Trends and Developments

This paper reviews recent developments in the application of quantitative methods to archaeological research and focuses upon three major themes: the development of so-called designer methods, which are quantitative methods created to solve specific problems; the resurgence of whole-society modeling through a variety of formal and mathematical approaches; and trends in the the teaching of quantitative methods at the undergraduate and graduate levels. Not surprisingly, different subfields have had greater success than others in the development of useful methods, and the causes of this are explored. Finally, suggestions for improving training in the use of these methods are offered.     

Russia's Electoral Geography: A Review

A noted specialist on the electoral geography of Russia reviews the existing body of work on the subject based on national elections, beginning with the RSFSR returns from the March 1989 voting for seats in the the USSR Congress of People's Deputies and extending to the presidential race of 2004. The author identifies major themes and methodologies relevant to a discussion of the political topography of Russia, before assessing the extent to which the country's emergent electoral landscape has been described. He emphasizes the importance of scale in interpreting the spatial patterns of electoral outcomes, as well as the social and economic correlates of voting across the regions. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: H10, O10, R10. 4 figures, 84 references.     

Achievements of Soviet Geography in Kazakhstan

A review of geographic research on Kazakhstan over the last 50 years, with a survey of major research projects and publications. Although Moscow geographers long assumed a large share of the research, a local group of geographers under N.N. Pal'gov has been playing an increasingly active role since the 1950's.     

Quanzhou Archaeology: A Brief Review

The city of Quanzhou in coastal Fujian Province, southeastern China, rose to prominence as an international trading port in the twelfth to fourteenth centuries A.D. This paper reviews its published archaeological record which includes the Kaiyuansi Temple, several mosques, Hindu sites, a Manichaeist temple at Huabiao, several types of tombs, the Houzhu and Fashi sunken ships, and kiln sites.     

日本历史地理学研究述评

本文主要从下列十九个方面对日本的历史地理学进行了述评 :(1)日本历史地理学研究的起源 ,(2 )京都大学历史地理学研究中心的形成 ,(3)研究资料及方法 ,(4 )与日本历史地理学发展有关的学会 ,(5 )史前地理 ,(6)条里制 ,(7)景观变迁 ,(8)城市 ,(9)聚落 ,(10 )交通 ,(11)人口 ,(12 )农业与灌溉 ,(13)森林与渔业 ,(14)工商业 ,(15 )政治 ,(16)历史地理学中之符号和语意学的新发展 ,(17)区域研究 ,(18)其他方面历史地理学的研究 ,(19)历史地理学理论的探讨     

A Soviet Interdepartmental Coordinating Conference on the Geography of the Capitalist Countries

Following is a brief account of the proceedings of the inter-agency conference on the geography of countries outside the Communist bloc held in Moscow in May 1961. The listing of papers provides a survey of current Soviet work in this field of regional geography.     

论中国历史地理研究年度综述的科学再现性

中国历史地理研究的年度综述,是中国历史地理学界总结前一年的研究成果、展望来年创新发展的纲领性报告,它的科学性、代表着中国历史地理学科的科学性。真实性与再现性,是科学性的基本特性。为了达到中国历史地理研究年度综述的科学再现性,本文提出了三个范围(时空范围、库源范围、检索词范围)、三种分析(统计分析、史地分析、比较分析)与三类结果 (未研专题、续研专题、商榷专题)的可操作方法。     

简评关于旅游研究方法的两种教材

近年来,国内旅游高等院校旅游专业在本科课程和研究生课程中越来越重视学生研究方法的训练,力图系统地向学生传授方法论、研究方法、数据收集手段和数据分析工具等方面的知识,指导学生如何“做论文”,即首先制定正确的研究方案,选择恰当的研究方法,然后进行具体项目的研究,     

The Development of Geography in the Soviet Republics of Transcaucasia

A review of geographic research in Transcaucasia during the 50 years of Soviet rule. A great diversity of natural conditions within a relatively limited area has made the region a miniature laboratory and testing ground for a variety of geographic concepts, especially in climatology and hydrology.     

On new Directions in the Development of Soviet Economic Geography

A review of new research areas in Soviet economic geography distinguishes three categories of topics in terms of the level of advance and the volume of research being done. The most viable new areas, with a large number of studies, include the resource-oriented approach to economic geography and the systems approach to settlement geography. In other research areas, such as the geography of services and the geography of land use, only the first steps are being made. The lag in land-use studies behind the West is explained in terms of the large territory of the USSR, which is said to have made this type of research unnecessary until recently. The potentialities of some research areas are only just beginning to be perceived, notably in the case of studies on spatial value relationships, involving regional accounts and balance of payments.     

The Chinese Pacifics: A Brief Historical Review

ABSTRACT

This survey reviews the growing role and presence of China in the Island Pacific. As the late Professor Ron Crocombe remarked, in the Pacific a major transition is under way from a range of European to Asian influences. Many Western observers have viewed this rise of Asian, and specifically Chinese, influence with alarm, but Crocombe saw it as offering Pacific Islanders new opportunities. This paper first analyses the diversity that can be masked by terms such as ‘China’ and ‘the Pacific’. Then it surveys recent literature on China in the Pacific and scholarship concerned with longer Chinese histories in the region that most recent commentators ignore and which question a number of their assertions. Finally, it suggests possible future directions for historical research on this topic.     

企业地理研究述评

西方发达国家自本世纪60年代以来,企业地理研究的理论、方法和实践已有了很大进展。为开展我国企业地理研究,本文围绕着企业地理研究的方法、产生背景及其发展阶段、主要研究领域以及研究动向等四个方面进行探讨,并认为在我国开展企业地理研究具有广阔的发展前景和深远的理论与实践意义。     

Review Article: Soviet Behaviour in the Cold War

JACQUES LÉVESQUE. The Enigma of 1989: The USSR and the Liberation of Eastern Europe, trans. Keith Martin. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997. Pp. ix, 267. $35.00 (US);

JEFFREY T. CHECKEL. Ideas and International Political Change: Soviet/Russian Behavior and the End of the Cold War. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1997. Pp. xv, 191. $26.00 (US);

MIKE BOWKER. Russian Foreign Policy and the End of the Cold War. Aldershot: Dartmouth Publishing, 1997; dist. Brookfield, Vt.: Ashgate. Pp. xi, 297. $72.95 (US);

VOJTECH MASTNY. The Cold War and Soviet Insecurity: The Stalin Years. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996. Pp. xi, 285. $44.50 (CDN).     

The Soviet Union and Mosaddeq: A Research Note

Although it is generally accepted that the Soviet Union did not play a significant role in the events leading to the overthrow of Mohammed Mosaddeq in 1953, little has been written about how the Soviets perceived the Iranian leader and the movement he inspired. This article argues that Soviet leaders generally saw Mosaddeq as weak and ill-disposed towards the Soviet Union. The Soviet failure to secure an oil concession in Iran in 1946 and general conservatism about anti-colonial movements during the late Stalin period conditioned their assessment of Mosaddeq's premiership. After Soviet policy towards the Third World changed in the mid-1950s, Mosaddeq's movement was reinterpreted as a genuine “struggle of national liberation.”