从分业到混业:我国金融业发展路径及监管法律制度选择

金融业从分业走向混业是美、英、日等发达国家的经验。我国的金融业经营和监管制度,历经混业经营与统一监管、分业经营与共同监管、分业经营与分业监管、自发的混业经营和监管制度的创新等四个时期。从制度变迁的角度看,分业经营、分业监管是中国金融业初级阶段的制度选择,从分业经营到混业经营、分业监管到统一监管是中国金融业发展的必然要求。我国金融业的发展趋势是混业经营,与金融控股公司的经营制度模式相适应,从长远看我国也会实行金融监管机构统一监管的制度模式。     

中国近代银行业内部监管机制探析——以中国银行为例

银行业的稳定与否直接关系着国家金融系统的安定,由于它在经济中地位的特殊性,使得银行业受到比其他行业更为严格的监管。银行业的监管一般分为内部监管和外部监管。内部监管作为银行监管的重要组成部分,对促进银行业健康的发展,以及经济、社会的稳定都有着至关重要的意义。中国银行业的监管结构框架在经过清末到北洋政府再到南京国民政府时期逐步的建立起来,其中的许多地方对当今金融体制改革仍有启示和借鉴意义。     

中国近代银行业内部监管机制探析——以中国银行为例

银行业的稳定与否直接关系着国家金融系统的安定,由于它在经济中地位的特殊性,使得银行业受到比其他行业更为严格的监管。银行业的监管一般分为内部监管和外部监管。内部监管作为银行监管的重要组成部分,对促进银行业健康的发展,以及经济、社会的稳定都有着至关重要的意义。中国银行业的监管结构框架在经过清末到北洋政府再到南京国民政府时期逐步的建立起来,其中的许多地方对当今金融体制改革仍有启示和借鉴意义。     

大萧条时期的美国金融改革及其影响

20世纪30年代,为了应对大萧条,实现经济复苏,美国先后进行了两次金融改革,即胡佛金融改革和罗斯福金融改革。前者是后者的先导,后者是在前者基础上的发展与创新。罗斯福把胡佛金融改革中的权宜之计发展为长远规划,绘就了美国金融发展的蓝图。通过大萧条时期的金融改革,美国政府稳定了货币、建立了安全的金融体系、维护了金融秩序、实现了国家依照宪法对金融进行监管的原则,使美国金融业走上了有序、可持续发展的道路,为战后发展奠定了坚实的基础,同时,也为战后世界留下了宝贵的经验教训。     

四联总处对战时银行机构的法律监管

抗日战争时期国民政府的最高金融机构——“四联总处”通过一系列立法活动加紧对银行机构设置、业务范围及业务检查等工作实施监管。监管目的在于维持战时金融经济运行的稳定,保障战时国家财政经济的金融需求,有意强化中央银行职能,以建立国民政府的金融垄断体制,对战时中国金融经济产生了积极的影响。但是,受国民政府实行的多元化银行监理体制的影响,机构设置重叠,事权未能统一,四联总处对银行的监管力度与监管实效明显不足,致使战时通货膨胀日益加剧。     

浅谈金融银行业监管问题及其解决

我国金融发展受到历史和体制原因的影响,从中央银行的监管上独立出来,实现了监管与货币政策的分离,在监管上日渐强化。宏观层面上受到社会政治、经济等多方面的制约和影响,银行业监督的法律法规欠缺,管理效力不显著。微观层面上,银行业监管的有效性受到多样因素的影响,包括所有制结构、经营管理理念和控制风险的能力与水平方面,还在一定程度上受到公正程度的影响。     

区域科技金融综合服务平台服务模式创新研究——基于供给端的思考

科技金融综合服务平台主要发挥两方面的作用:为科技型中小企业投融资服务和进一步完善区域金融生态环境。通过区域性科技金融综合服务平台的搭建和运作不仅可以整合优质资源,优化区域金融生态环境,而且可以从供给端缓解科技型中小企业融资难问题、区域科技金融产品供需失衡等问题,进一步改善科技型中小企业赖以生存的生态体系。在互联网金融快速发展的背景下,本文拟对传统科技金融服务平台构建模式进行"流程再造",通过模式创新来构建新的高效便捷的服务平台及运行模式。     

达沃斯的较量

加强监管和金融自由化,其实是一个钟摆效应。金融危机的发生则预示着,不管银行家愿不愿意,钟已经摆到了加强监管这一边     

对我国社会中介组织监管模式的反思与重构

随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的逐步建立以及社会结构的日趋分化,促进社会中介组织快速发展、建立完善的社会中介组织监管体系成为建设和谐社会中的重大课题。然而,我国现行的社会中介监管却受到多种因素的制约,已明显落后于发展的需要,出现了监管存在盲区、监管效率不高以及力度不够等问题。要提高监管能力,就必须从监管理念、监管体制、监管模式等方面进行创新。     

金融集聚研究进展与展望

金融业集聚属于服务业集聚范畴,既与制造业集聚有共性,又有其独特性。金融集聚的研究主要依托于区位理论、集群理论和金融地理学。区位理论是金融集聚的理论基础,集群理论为金融集聚提供了研究范式,金融地理学的发展为金融集聚研究带来新的动向。金融集聚的现有研究内容主要集中于对集聚的动因、类型、效应、模式的探讨,以及金融中心的构建等几个方面。随着全球化、信息化对金融业的发展布局影响越来越大,未来应重点加强对金融分支行业和微观区域方面的研究。     

亨利七世的财政政策

都铎王朝的开创亨利七世为了巩固统治,采取了一系列财政措施扩大收入。虽然他能够“靠自己过活”,但是他的财政政策仍然没有突破中世纪封君封臣制度的束缚,既没有为英国建立更加现代的收入制度奠定基础,也没有完成一场“财政革命”。     

Financial Deregulation in Japan

This article examines the process of financial deregulation in Japan and asks: what are the prospects for future reform of Japan's financial sector? In the past, reform of Japan's financial sector has been slow and incremental as various vested interests, including political interests, negotiated specific compromise outcomes rather than sweeping changes. This article argues that, in spite of recently announced reforms, change will continue to be gradual and piecemeal because the institutional structures which in the past worked against any rapid response to pressures for change are still in place.     

伪满洲国的金融统治

日本在明治维新之后就觊觎中国东北的丰富资源和广阔市场,20世纪初即开始金融渗透工作,＂九一八事变＂后日本扶植伪满洲国傀儡政权,在东北建立了傀儡性金融体系。本文从伪满金融体系的经济背景、金融制度建立以及金融体系运作角度说明日本在伪满金融统治中的指挥地位,论证伪满洲国金融统治的傀儡性。     

Ukraine's Financial Crisis, 2009

A prominent specialist in the economic affairs of the former Soviet Union relates and analyzes the state of Ukraine's economy in light of a series of discussions and interviews with the country's Prime Minister and leading economic officials in Kyiv in 2008 and April 2009. The author, a former economic advisor to the country's government and co-chair of the UN's Blue Ribbon Commission for Ukraine, devotes this paper to a penetrating analysis of the impact of the global financial crisis of 2008-2009 on Ukraine's budget, banks, exchange rates, money supply, industrial sectors (particularly energy and steel), GDP, and inflationary pressures. Due attention is given to economic relations with the EU and Russia as well as to financial assistance from the IMF.Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: E500, E600, O520, P200. 1 table, 4 figures, 38 references.     

Financial Globalization,Local Debt Markets and New State Financial Activism in Middle-income Countries

Since the global financial crisis of 2008–09, there has been a renewed interest in the role of the state in processes of financial development and globalization. This article explores new forms of state economic activity via the development of debt capital markets in Southeast Asia, specifically Indonesia and Malaysia. It suggests that the expanding profile of various state-controlled entities in local capital markets constitutes a new form of state financial activism responsive to (upper) middle-class consumption preferences such as modern infrastructure, urban housing and low-risk investments. This activism highlights state agency and complicates the propositions of the emergent literature on state capitalism and financial de-risking that focuses on increasingly close alignment of the interests of states and international portfolio investors. Accordingly, the authors caution against unilinear conceptions of the state in which activism is primarily geared towards accommodating the preferences of international investors. The article posits that states are actively trying to establish new market logics for the benefit of their domestic middle classes via the development of domestic capital markets, and that the emergent role of middle-income country (upper) middle classes as financial consumers reconfigures processes of state-managed financialization.     

Financial narratives of the modern corporation

This paper is about the ways that financial narratives are usedby corporations to drive organizational change. Analysis offinancial practices within BHP Ltd, a large Australian resourcescompany, is used to trace the development of new managementstrategies, how they have been propelled by financial tacticsand tools and how specific investment outcomes have been valorizedto the exclusion of others. The second section of the paperfocuses on the role of the logics of finance and accountingin general and the ways particular corporate accumulation anddistributional outcomes are produced. The section draws heavilyon insights into accounting representations of the firm in thework of Anthony Hopwood and his peers centred on the journalAccounting, Organizations and Society. The third section discussespossibilities for alternate distributional outcomes which mightarise from different stakeholder participation in the governanceand operation of large firms.