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窑业生产是都城考古和手工业考古的重要组成部分,历年来在汉唐时期主要都城遗址的考古发掘中积累了不少相关材料。本文试以通览的方式对以窑炉为主的遗迹进行考古学分析,尝试勾勒出这一时期窑业生产的发展轨迹及与都城规划建设之间的关系。研究显示:汉唐时期都城地区的窑址以陶窑为主,主要包括陶俑窑、砖瓦窑、冶铸用烘范窑三大类。窑炉以半地穴式为主,少见土洞式,平面形制从长方形、长椭圆形等多种形状向马蹄形靠拢。窑炉多集中分布、规整有序,具有“官窑”性质。窑场在都城中位置分布与城市规划建设关系密切。 相似文献
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迄今为止,福建地区先秦时期遗址中共发现了约90座窑炉(图一、附表一)。这些窑炉结构不同,形态各异,经历了从新石器时代至东周数千年的发展历程,是研究先秦陶瓷窑业技术的重要资料。但由于这些窑炉资料散布在各个不同时期的遗址中,加上早年的考古发掘技术和认识水平相对落后,不太注重窑炉遗迹,往往把它们当作灰坑、烧坑遗迹来处理, 相似文献
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南窑是江西地区一处以烧造青釉瓷为主的唐代窑场,是景德镇境内目前已知最早的瓷业遗存。江西省文物考古研究所分别于2011年、2013年对南窑遗址进行了考古调查和发掘,揭露面积1 073.5平方米,出土大批窑具和瓷片标本,尤其是全面揭露一条长达78.8米的龙窑遗迹,是迄今为止中国考古发掘出土最长的唐代龙窑遗迹,为研究南窑的窑炉技术以及唐代制瓷业的发展等提供了重要资料。 相似文献
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本文在对宁夏灵武市磁窑堡、回民巷古窑址进行实地考察并采集部分标本的基础上,结合已有的研究成果,对这两处古窑址的烧造品种、文化内涵及工艺渊源等进行了论述。这两处窑址是目前已发现的最重要的西夏瓷窑遗址,对其进行调查和发掘,为在宁夏、内蒙、青海等地西夏遗址出土陶瓷的断代和窑口的判别提供了珍贵的实物资料,对西夏史的研究也具有重要意义,同时也填补了故宫博物院在古陶瓷窑址调查方面的一项空白。 相似文献
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考古发现的金代定窑瓷器初步探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
定窑是我国宋代五大名窑之一,以精美的白釉刻花、印花瓷器及支圈覆烧工艺,在中国陶瓷发展史上占有重要地位,并对我国南北方瓷窑产生了深远影响。定窑遗址位于河北省曲阳县涧磁、野北及东西燕山村一带,对定窑遗址的大规模调查和小范围试掘工作始于20世纪50、60年代,当时还发表 相似文献
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江西纪年墓出土明代景德镇民窑青花瓷研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文在对江西各地出土的116件明代景德镇纪年青花瓷标本进行器物形制、胎质釉色、装饰纹样分析的基础上,提出民窑可按照其自身发展大致分为早、中、晚三期。 相似文献
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《Journal of archaeological science》2013,40(7):3046-3057
The existing documentary history of Chinese porcelain ordered for the Portuguese market (mainly Ming dynasty.) is reasonably advanced; nevertheless detailed laboratory analyses able to reveal new aspects like the number and/or diversity of producing centers involved in the trade with Portugal are lacking.In this work, the chemical characterization of porcelain fragments collected during recent archaeological excavations from Portugal (Lisbon and Coimbra) was done for provenance issues: identification/differentiation of Chinese porcelain kilns used. Chemical analysis was performed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) using the Portuguese Research Reactor. Core samples were taken from the ceramic body avoiding contamination form the surface layers constituents. The results obtained so far point to: (1) the existence of three main chemical-based clusters; and (2) a general attribution of the porcelains studied to southern China kilns; (3) a few samples are specifically attributed to Jingdezhen and Zhangzhou kiln sites. In a chronological point of view, for the studied samples we assist to an increasing improvement of the production procedure from late 15th till the 17th centuries of the Chinese porcelains sent to Portugal, especially enhanced by the association of late porcelains with refining processes of the original raw material, consistent with removal of more heavy minerals. In the case of some samples a kiln attribution was possible, but for the majority of the samples we haven't found yet the specific kilns. 相似文献
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秘色瓷本是晚唐时期越窑贡瓷的名称,其性质是贡瓷。秘色瓷之得名与釉色相关。作为贡瓷,秘色瓷由“贡窑”所出,在今天的研究中,也可物化体现为越瓷精品。根据法门寺塔地宫出土材料讨论秘色瓷问题,必须纳入贡赋、库藏制度,不可脱离具体的历史背景割裂认识并刻意渲染。 相似文献
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试述清嘉道咸三朝官窑瓷器的生产──兼论清官窑衰落的确切年代 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文根据史料就清中期官窑瓷器生产衰落的确切年代,中期的烧造情况进行了讨论,试图从中探寻清嘉道咸三朝官窑瓷器衰落的原因 相似文献
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Li Li Guoxi Xie Songlin Feng Xiangqian Feng Lingtong Yan Jihao Zhu Yongqiang Li Hongye Han 《Journal of archaeological science》2013
More than one million shards of ancient Chinese porcelain were excavated at the Maojiawan pit in Beijing in September 2005. Among these shards, four types of ancient Chinese white porcelain were identified. The ages and provenances of three of these types of porcelain were accurately determined by archaeologists based on typology. However, different archaeologists interpreted the other/fourth type differently. According to the colour of the porcelain body, it was easily identified as the product of the Jingdezhen kilns of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644 AD). However, based on the vessel shape, this fourth type of porcelain was also identified as the product of the Cizhou kilns of the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368 AD). In order to determine the provenance of this type of ancient Chinese white porcelain, 131 shards comprising the four types of white porcelain identified at the site were selected as experimental specimens and analysed by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). After the processing of experimental data by principal component analysis and geochemical analysis, the results show that the provenance of this type of ancient Chinese white porcelain is the Jingdezhen, not the Cizhou kiln. 相似文献
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"贡瓷"及与其相关的"官窑"制度是中国古代瓷业生产中的重要学术问题。文物考古界一般认为,中国的"贡瓷"制度开始于唐代,烧制优质"贡瓷"的"官窑"制度则始于晚唐或宋代。然而,近年来在湖南湘阴窑和南京发现的"太官"、"供奉"、"上府"铭瓷器标本证实,"贡瓷"制度最迟开始于南北朝时期。湘阴窑址出土的刻有多种瓷业工人姓氏及"官"款的窑具资料可能还把中国烧制"贡瓷"的"官窑"制度开始的时间提前到南朝或隋代。 相似文献