汉语 汉字 汉文化的投射

汉语、汉字与汉文化联系十分紧密,极为广泛,汉字不仅反映了先民的礼仪、制度、风俗、艺术,而且通过汉字记录的汉语词汇折射出汉民族灿烂的历史文化。     

Fashioning a Cacique Nun: From Saints’ Lives to Indian Lives in the Spanish Americas

New Spain was a land of opportunity for the missionary as well as the conquistador. The controversial proposal to found a convent for women of the indigenous elite illuminates the redefinition of notions of gender and race. Examining testimonies on this question written by priests, this article charts how they transform material that would normally have been presented as hagiography into narratives of a more general nature, and argues that this rhetorical shift contributed to a kind of writing on the Indies which not only shared the comparative and epistemological stakes of ethnography but also considered issues of gender.     

Voices From This Long Brown Land: Oral Recollections of Owens Valley Lives and Manzanar Pasts

Nestled between the Sierra Nevada and the White-Inyo mountainranges in eastern California, the Owens Valley is geographicallyisolated and spatially bound. Yet this secluded sliver of Californiapossesses a history that blatantly transcends the local. Asa major site of the well-known water wars, the Owens Valleybecame a significant, albeit controversial source of water,enabled Los Angeles’ burgeoning development in the earlytwentieth century. Conceived of in 1904 and completed by 1913,the Los Angeles aqueduct literally bound the Owens Valley tothe demands of the growing metropolis. Several decades later,in the wake of Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, the agriculturallyand economically floundering Owens Valley was chosen as     

试论中国文字的起源

中国文字的起源具有多源特点,不仅要关注汉字的起源问题,也要关注黄河、长江流域古代先民所使用的非汉字系统文字的起源问题,这样有助于对中国早期文字的发展状况获得新的认识,进而建立起与己知的甲骨文体系或异或同的有关文字起源的研判标准,并寻找出正确的研究方法.     

Experts in Their Own Lives: Emphasizing Client-Centeredness in a Homeless Program

This paper presents a case study of a homeless organization in Burlington, Vermont that is dedicated to the principles of client-centeredness. Originated by psychologist Carl Rogers as a therapeutic philosophy, this approach has been applied in numerous social service and organizational settings. For this Vermont agency, client-centered practice entails the promotion of client empowerment and the responsible use of staff authority. Client participation in homeless programming is identified as one tool that may facilitate both client autonomy and a balance of staff-client power. Clients, staff, and administrators of this agency were interviewed to help explain the philosophy and practice of client-centeredness, as well as pitfalls of the client-centered approach. Hypotheses and future questions for research are also suggested.     

中国上古时期国家道路的几个特点

史前国家、准集权制国家、统一集权制国家是中国上古国家道路的三大阶段。截然有别的三个发展阶段背后的历史现象、社会制度、权力方式等方面有着深刻的联系。历史过程中的偶然因素与社会结构中的稳定内核使上古历史沿着一定的轨迹运行。东亚相对封闭的地理空间、中国东部沿海与内地文明的不平衡性、以及新石器时期的海侵等主要因素既促成以宗法血缘为基础的大一统国家观的早熟,又造成实现国家集权费时长久,并与浩繁的战争形成对照。     

汉字与古代婚俗

汉字多具表意功能,本身蕴涵着丰富的社会文化信息.本文取＂姓＂、＂父＂、＂婚＂、＂娶＂、＂妻＂、＂嫁＂、＂媵＂、＂侄＂诸字,通过对其字形、字义的解读,探析了群婚、抢婚、买卖婚、媵制等古代婚俗.     

金山银水阿勒泰

阿勒泰地区地处新疆北部,阿尔泰山南麓,素有“金山银水”之美誉,阿勒泰的湖泊、森林、乡村和地貌被阿尔泰山的风霜雨雪滋养得雄浑又灵秀。环绕白沙湖,穿越草原石城,漫游喀纳斯景区,沿额尔齐斯河行进,心无旁骛地置身于静美的风景之中,是一种莫大的享受。     

Bioarchaeology: The Lives and Lifestyles of Past People

Skeletons represent the most direct evidence of the biology of past populations, and their study provides insight into health and well-being, dietary history, lifestyle (activity), violence and trauma, ancestry, and demography. These areas help inform our understanding of a range of issues, such as the causes and consequences of adaptive shifts in the past (e.g., foraging to farming, sedentarism), the biological impact of invasion and colonization, differential access to food and other resources (e.g., by gender or status), and conflict and warfare. Central to bioarchaeological inquiry are the interaction between biology and behavior and the role of environment on health and lifestyle. Bioarchaeological analysis has traditionally focused on local settings. However, important perspective on general questions of human adaptation is possible both regionally and globally.