药

用流水形容时间,它就无声无息地从你的容颜上剜过,清凉地、温柔地留下水迹,渗进肌肤。把朋友当作一味长熬的药剂,温暖灼烈的药剂,甘味入苦。把人生看成一间药铺,我们积蓄了很多副药剂,有的用来治愈肌肤之痛,有的用来治愈心灵之痛……用来治愈时间伤口的,有吗? 同样的地方,秋梧桐下,同样的时间,日落西山,同样的人,微笑的我,不同的脸,你看着我。你翻过围栏,奔跑在操场上,抬起你的右脚,扮各式的鬼脸。你的脸,有些模糊的重叠,另一张脸,颤抖的,若隐若现,熟悉的悲哀,充满压抑,我微笑看着那张脸,已经不用     

红叶节赏斑斓秋色

进入秋季,满山葱翠的大明山开始呈现出赤橙黄绿的颜色,层林尽染,蔚为壮观,远远望去,就如穿上了节日盛装,而一年一度的大明山江南红叶节也自10月下旬隆重启幕了,大明山迎来了最富有魅力的季节,大明山,比香山更红叶. 大明山是森林的海洋,观赏植物相当丰富,到了秋天,凉风飒飒,艳阳高照,经过霜雾的洗礼,一片片枫叶像害羞的少女,撒落一片深情,特别是枫树湾,是一片红色的世界,娇艳似火,瑰丽似霞的红叶耀眼夺目、引人入胜,红的织烈,红的诱人.立于栈道,远处山坳,近处脚底,一株株,一团团,一簇簇,黄红相间,色彩缤纷,鲜艳夺目,令人仿佛进入了“车行十里画屏上,身走四方红叶中”的梦幻童话世界.山上的空气特别清明、新鲜,山上的环境特别宁静、安详,可以欣赏秋色的茂林,领悟秋山的寂静,感受大自然的人生,享受人间的乐趣.晨曦中,山林秋雾,叶面上秋珠闪闪.天高秋爽,霜叶红于二月花,一片深秋的景色,一个秋天的童话,大明山的秋天,比香山更红,它是怡情的远方,更是摄影爱好者的天堂.     

仿莎菲女士的日记

跋 读丁玲女士的《莎菲女士的日记》数次,前后相隔五、六年,第一次读时,只记得片段,如同电影镜头的切换,那么真切的在眼前闪过,那是震撼人心的呼唤,让人不得不痴痴跟随丁玲女士的脚步,去寻找莎菲的心灵足迹。不知道她今后的生活会怎样,可是,有瞬间,我仍然觉得,她已经获得她遍寻不获的思念,通过她的日记,她会得到许许多多人的爱与理解,会存活在许多人的心里,许多与她同样,忍受着人生,享受着人生,爱着,而且挣扎着,最后,总能通过这心灵的挣扎求存,净化她的心灵,通过痛彻肺腑的呼唤,实现人生的交响乐在不同的时空回荡。     

巷中

漫步在幽静的小巷,眼下,太阳含山,炊烟四起,倦鸟返林,暮色氤氲,但面对着如此的黄昏却满溢着温情。我在巷中驻足停下,伸开手掌,向着夕阳的余晖,用力去捕捉,去触碰那柔美的光线,薄纱的轻柔,蒙蒙的光感……吱啦的木门推来亘古的余香,褪色的石板铺就曲折的回廊,喜欢走这条小巷,从这里的繁华街市,到那里的城南陋巷,从这里都市楼宇,到那头的敬老院,每每看到老人们慈祥的双眸佝偻的背影,心中便有种异样的情愫升起那但是——回报。     

段子

女人全是优点妖的叫美女,刁的叫才女,木的叫淑女,蔫的叫温柔,凶的叫直爽,傻的叫阳光,狠的叫冷艳,土的叫端庄,洋的叫气质,怪的叫个性,匪的叫干练,疯的叫有味道,嫩的叫靓丽,老的叫风韵犹存,牛的叫傲雪凌风,闲的叫追求自我,弱不禁风叫小鸟依人,不像女人的叫超女!过去就好了晚上,室友偕女友一起去河边溜达。为了讨好女友,于是唱歌给她听。唱得正起劲,一位老大爷走到他身边驻足观看,室友害羞,停止高歌。大爷到他旁     

我的左岸,我的运河

正我的左岸,我的运河。左岸慢时光,运河新变化,是杭州的,也是中国的。1.左岸,其实在河的东边。河叫运河,运河不宽,却很长,1794千米,自北京通州开始,一直到杭州拱宸桥,我就住在桥边上。左岸的运河边上,有一个晚上会亮的标记塔,法国人设计的,1786KM,每天晚上,我都能从餐厅的窗外望得见它的亮光,光一闪一闪,船上的马达声沉重地传来,我知道,它依然是杭州的交通主     

十二木卡姆的故乡——莎车

有道是,不到新疆,就不知中国之大;不到喀什,就不算到新疆,就不知新疆如此源远流长。莎车是新疆人口第一大县,是十二木卡姆的故乡,是新疆最大的绿洲,其悠久的历史,深厚的文化,鲜明的特色,独特的地貌,淳朴的民风,繁荣的经济,广褒的土地,飘香的瓜果,能歌善舞、顾盼生情的维吾尔族姑娘,无不令人神往。     

敦煌笔记

在茫茫的黑夜中,敦煌已经看不清了。这种情形一直残留在我的头脑中,从一开始,我就是一个在茫茫黑夜中玩耍的孩子,盲目中偷看着灿烂的星空,未来遥远,敦煌遥远。我生活在敦煌,18岁的时候,才绘制了它的形貌。它延续着狭长的走廊,两股河流东西汇合,大河两岸,堆积着人类的语言,这语言,有着黄土的质地,有着黄金的品质,后来,他们的名字如滚过天空的响雷,为创造者证明,为逝去的时间证明。人们惊讶无比,在敦煌的光明与色彩中,他们竟能够目睹天使的舞蹈。我的生活体验中,春季大风一直包裹着敦煌。一间阴暗的黄泥小屋,房顶上有一个簸箕大的窟窿,这是一处房屋与外界联系的惟一通道。童年的大多数时候,就是这样一个叫作天窗的窟窿里洒下的月色和星光,照亮了我的梦想。而在春天,有风的日子,它却被严严实实地盖上了草垫,呼呼的风声敲打着墙壁,像要掠去小屋,像要夺走人世间的一切。在我长大以后,阅读那些春天的词句,它们却包容了人间的至美,这使我日渐产生了对知识的怀疑。再以后,走了许多地方,徜徉春光,我明白了,某个特殊的地域,春天并不是特别适合于它。比如,敦煌。我常常把敦煌比作一只古老的陶罐或者一个新鲜的苹果,或者一只陶罐中装着新鲜的苹果。之所以如此极端,之所以...     

平山湖丹霞:气势磅礴的天工造化

正雪落无声。甚至,无形。似有若无,只感觉润湿扑面,沁入心脾,定睛凝神,却无踪影,如雾,只在远处氤氲。似霰,早已融入呼吸。张掖平山湖的山,就在这样悄无声息的雪中,幻化成了气势磅礴的丹霞。绵延千里,浩瀚无边。这丹霞,这红色的群山,一定是有历史,有故事的。沧桑的容颜,风蚀掉了鲜活的肌肤,留下骨肉和灵魂,似亿万年的时间堆积、压缩。每一座峰都是突兀的,都是等待的姿势,每一块岩石都浸透了风霜雨雪,厚重,苍凉,浓郁。深深浅浅的赭红色,不是华丽     

唱词创新是重要基础——关于花儿演唱的思考

青海是花儿的故乡,民歌的海降。花儿的曲令五彩纷呈,余音绕梁。花儿的传统唱词,色彩斑斓,熠熠生辉。不少歌词,隽永深邃,言简意赅,朗朗上口,历久不衰,这是我们宝贵的财富,比之唐诗宋词,毫不逊色。但是,由于多种因素的制约,花儿的歌词创新与曲令创新未能同步,曲令已由上世纪末的近百个发展为近二百个,出现了前所未有的喜人局面,但唱词创作却远远落后于形势,大大影响了花儿的发展与提高。     

A tale of two sites: Functional site differentiation and lithic technology during the Late Pithouse period in the Mimbres area of Southwestern New Mexico

The raw materials from which stone tools are made can provide considerable information relevant to behavioral variation within a prehistoric population. By examining the stone used for tools from two different types of Late Pithouse period (A.D. 550-1000) residential sites from the Mimbres Mogollon area of Southwestern New Mexico, this paper illustrates how understanding the lithic landscape of a region provides a means to assess behavioral variation in stone procurement practices. The analysis indicates that the differences in mobility and economic pursuits between longer-term residential sites containing pit structures and a shorter-term seasonal residential site with ephemeral architecture structured the raw material procurement practices of site’s occupants. Pit structure sites were focused on agricultural pursuits and used a technology that centered on the production of informal tools fashioned from locally available raw materials. The seasonal residential site focused on wild resources and evidenced greater reliance on formal tool production using raw materials acquired from beyond the immediate vicinity of the site. Despite increasing sedentism and agricultural dependence of the region’s population, some portion of the population exercised seasonal mobility strategies and associated technological and behavioral practices more typical of hunting and gathering populations, suggesting a diverse socio-economic system within the region.     

Slicing Cut Marks on Animal Bones: Diagnostics for Identifying Stone Tool Type and Raw Material

Abstract

Butchering implements leave identifying signatures on bones. From these signatures, it is possible to distinguish the different raw materials and types of chipped stone butchering tools. The results of recent experiments enable us to distinguish the different types of raw materials and tools used in the butchering process, in particular those implements that produce slicing cut marks. Three types of chipped stone tools (blades,flakes, and side scrapers) and raw materials (flint, obsidian, and quartzite), as well as issues relevant to lithic production and use were examined and tested. Silicone molds of cut marks produced by each of the instruments were made and subjected to analysis in light optical and scanning electron microscopes under various levels of magnification. The criteria used for distinguishing tool type, raw material, type of production and use characteristics of the respective cutting instruments are presented, as well as a discussion of the application of the experimental results to the Early Bronze Age I site of Afridar, Israel. The data from Afridar indicate that almost all of the butchering marks on animal bones from the site were made by stone tools, in particular haphazardly-made flakes.     

香港新石器时代斧、锛生产系统的重建:以西贡沙下遗址为例

本文以近年发现的香港西贡沙下遗址出土物为例,借助于新几内亚民族志中有关石斧锛制造的记录,运用"操作链"的分析路径对沙下遗址新石器时代石斧锛作坊的生产系统进行了初步重建。将石斧锛的制造过程分为原料采备与毛坯预制、粗坯整形、研磨成器三个阶段,对各生产阶段产品的变化以及香港新石器时代石器专业作坊的兴衰做了讨论,认为在香港新石器时代晚期,石斧锛生产已趋于专业化。     

Quantifying how much raw material is needed: A case study based on the weight of the lithic artefacts from the Brno-Štýřice III Epigravettian site (Moravia,Czech Republic)

This paper compares the quantification of different raw materials in a chipped stone assemblage by weight and by number at the site of Brno-Štýřice III in Moravia, Czech Republic. The use of the same reduction technology for all raw materials means that the Brno-Štýřice III assemblage is a good case study. The result demonstrates that semi-local raw material tends to dominate numerically, but in terms of weight, there is a significant change in the predominant raw material. The paper contextualizes the results in relation to other assemblages and discusses the possible reasons for this phenomenon.     

The Experimental Study of Palaeolithic Heat‐Treatment Technology: A Case from the Shuidonggou Rock Resources,North‐West China

The application of heat‐treatment technology on lithic raw materials is an important feature of early modern human behaviour. The evidence of heat‐treated stone artefacts discovered at Localities 2 and 12 of the Shuidonggou Late Palaeolithic site, North‐West China, provides an important example for studying this technology among ancient humans in Asia during the Late Palaeolithic. The mechanism and effects of heat treatment on raw materials and the role of this technology in producing stone tools were studied by means of a simulation experiment and related analytical methods. These facilitated an in‐depth analysis of the heat‐treatment activities of the Shuidonggou occupants and their implications for cognitive ability and survival strategies of human populations at that time.     

湖北丹江口杜店旧石器时代遗址发现的遗迹现象初探

位于湖北省丹江口库区的杜店旧石器时代遗址于2008年由吉林大学边疆考古研究中心进行发掘,获得了一批重要材料。极为难得的是,在该遗址发现了一处旧石器时代晚期的遗迹现象(编号08DDIYJ1)。本文从遗迹的形态、埋藏学以及砾石和石制品的原料、大小、类型等方面进行了分析和探讨,初步推断这是一处属于原地埋藏的石器加工场所。该遗迹的发现与研究为探讨杜店遗址以至汉江流域旧石器时代晚期古代居民的文化面貌、工业技术特点以及生业模式提供了强有力的佐证。     

简论商代的社

依据甲骨卜辞和考古资料,我国目前最早的社祭遗存属于商代二里岗上层时期.在甲骨卜辞中,商代的社与战争有着密切的关系.一般说来,当时的社有不同的种类,有木质或石质的主.社神的地位要低于祖先神的地位,其祭品主要是人牲、牺牲、酒等,但还没有像后世那样明显的等级差别.     

甘肃肃北马鬃山玉矿遗址2011年发掘简报

马鬃山玉矿遗址位于甘肃省肃北县马鬃山镇西北约22公里的河盐湖径保尔草场。2011年10～11月,甘肃省文物考古研究所对该遗址进行了调查和发掘,调查确定遗址面积约5平方公里,发掘面积为150平方米,清理的遗迹有矿坑、防御性建筑、作坊、灰坑,出土陶器、石器、金属器、玉料及毛坯等200余件。从发掘资料看,遗址的年代下限为汉代,是目前在西北地区发现的年代最早的玉矿遗址。此次发掘为研究骗马文化提供了新资料,出土的玉矿原料为研究马鬃山玉矿的矿物成分、矿藏成因等提供了重要的实物资料。     

PETROGRAPHY AND PROVENANCE INTERPRETATION OF THE STONE MOULDS FOR BRONZE DAGGERS FROM THE GALDONG PREHISTORIC SITE, REPUBLIC OF KOREA*

This paper presents material characteristics and raw material provenance of the stone moulds for bronze slender daggers from Galdong. This type of bronze dagger is uniquely distributed in the Korean Peninsula and these stone moulds were the first to be found by excavation. The stone moulds were made of igneous hornblendite with course-grained holocrystalline textures. Based on petrological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, the original rock materials of the moulds were inferred to be derived from the Jangsu or Namwon areas which are about 50 km away from the excavation site. It is a notable achievement that this provenance study confirmed the domestic production of Korean-styled daggers.     

Stone Tool Production of the Longshan Culture at the Liangchengzhen Site in Rizhao of Shandong

The manufacture of stone tools was one of the most important craft production activities in prehistoric human society. Previously, lack of sound evidence had made it too early to confirm whether or not stone tool production during the Longshan cultural period had already transformed from a primitive self-sufficient household mode of production to a specialized mode of production. Excavation of the site of the Longshan cultural site at Liangchengzhen in Rizhao, Shandong from 1998–2001 through meticulous field methods such as sieving and floatation yielded a large number of lithic reduction tools, ranging from grinding stones, stone hammers, and polishing stones to raw materials, semi-finished products, and lithic debitage of various sizes, resulting from the lithic reduction process. This excavation suggests that the Liangchenzhen site was a settlement site where the complete process of lithic reduction was practiced. Through comparison with contemporary large-scale excavated sites of the Longshan culture, it is suggested that the Area 1 at the Liangchengzhen site was a lithic reduction locality with a relatively high degree of specialization which was used for hundreds of years. It is possible that stone tool production had already advanced to a stage of relatively high specialization during the Longshan cultural period in the Haidai region.