"三面红旗"的提出与实施

公元1958年前后,在中国共产党和中华人民共和国的历史上是极不寻常的一个时期.……     

揭秘酒鬼酒好喝才是硬道理——源自湘西苗家、土家的千年酿酒秘方

一种不寻常的白酒香型背后,必然有着不寻常的原料环境和酿造工艺。酱香型白酒采用超高温制曲、凉堂等酿造工艺,石窖或泥窖发酵;浓香型白酒采用混蒸续渣工艺,陈年老窖或人工老窖发酵;清香型白酒采用清蒸清渣工艺和地缸发酵——这都是我们常见的香型与熟知的酿造方式。     

我们心中的胡耀邦——纪念胡耀邦同志九十诞辰

在粉碎“四人帮”之后的拨乱反正中,特别是在真理标准讨论、平反冤假错案和农村体制改革这三项决定性的工作中,胡耀邦是具体操作的前线总指挥,其后并担任中共中央总书记。回顾中国改革开放的历史,胡耀邦是绕不过去的巨大存在。但是,自1989年4月胡耀邦病逝不久,到1994年4月之前,本刊和中国大陆的其他媒体一样,几乎完全不提胡耀邦的名字。这当然是令人遗憾的。1994年4月,胡耀邦逝世五周年之际,在广大读者的强烈要求下,本刊发表了几幅他的照片,还有几行白话诗。随后又组织了一系列他领导平反冤假错案的文章。今日看来,这些事很寻常,但在当年却也很不寻常:一方面,中共中央在悼词中对胡耀邦的崇高评价只字未改;另一方面,与他相关的一切又笼罩在一片静寂之中……如今,一代人的时间过去了,我们迎来了这位伟人九十诞辰,而历史也进了一大步:当年的不寻常也寻常了。读者、作者和编者欣喜这种进步,欣喜这种寻常。因此,半年多来,我们收到了大量纪念耀邦九十诞辰的来稿。本期我们先选编了这些来稿的一部分,作为对这位伟人九十诞辰的纪念。     

神秘的边陲古镇

夕阳草树,碧草映阶;寻常巷陌,古风犹存。走近隆里,便走进了古远淳朴的风俗画中。     

字字看来皆是汗 十年辛苦不寻常——谈谈《江苏省志·广播电视志》的六步编纂法

伟大作家曹雪芹的不朽杰作《红楼梦》是我国古典小说的高峰。但是,这座高峰不是杭州灵隐寺的“飞来峰”,是经过曹雪芹“字字看来皆是血,十年辛苦不寻常”的艰苦劳动创作出来的。《江苏省志·广播电视志》(以下简称“广电志”)的编纂,当然不能和《红楼梦》的写作相比,但有一点却是相通的,它们都是经过多年的艰苦的创造性的劳动而写作成功的。现仿拟《脂砚斋重评石头记》(甲戍本)凡例的题诗“字字看来皆是血,十年辛苦不寻常”,以“字字看来皆是汗,十年辛苦不寻常”来抒发我们的慨叹和体会。     

它们也特别

除了那些奇特的早餐,只要你拥有一双慧眼,在寻常的餐单中,也能体验不同的晨间美味。     

“5·12”随想

地震波渐渐远去了 那些不寻常的日子 四面八方的一颗颗爱心 像春天的朝阳 抚慰着天府大地     

徐州地名的历史印记

<正>从街巷改名看到的时代脚步对照古时的府城图,今日的徐州地图中会发现,有些街巷的方位没变,名字变了;有些街巷因曾经发生过重大事件而消失,名字却成为抹不掉的记忆;有些古街老巷虽然还在,但面目全非,让我们难以忘却它们的经历。探微索隐,就会觉得寻常巷陌并不寻常。大同街,原名察院街。因清代有主管州府科举考试的都察院在其中(现在的中山堂电影院)而得名。逢     

最寻常中的不寻常

纸币是我们生活中最寻常不过的东西,每天都有几张甚至几十张从手中经过,但是谁也想不起来让它在手中停留片刻,仔细欣赏一下。     

纳兰词的美丽与哀愁

诗无邪,纳兰词,一往情深深几许。情深不寿,慧极必伤,这是纳兰的命运,也是他的绝代风流和魅力所在。他的词清新婉丽,真情直指本心。王国维评其为"北宋以来,一人而已"。他性灵至纯,纤尘不染,用生命抒写对自由和情爱的渴望,这恰是我们这个时代最缺乏的东西。品纳兰词,一路寻找我们失落已久的精神家园。当时只道是寻常谁念西风独自凉,萧萧黄叶闭疏窗,沉思往事立残阳。被酒莫惊春睡重,读书消得泼茶香,当时只道是寻常。每每读到纳兰词《浣溪沙》中这句"当时只道是寻常"都不禁掩卷,心中晦涩郁结。这是纳兰写给亡妻卢氏的。卢氏是他生前比肩,死后同穴的女子。纳兰对卢氏的情感,并不亚于陆游对唐婉     

论唐代的配隶刑

配隶是流刑的一个变种,但重于普通流刑,两者之间的区别在于:普通流刑只居作一年,然后就可在当地附籍为民,而配隶则要长时间做苦役。配隶并不一定将犯人罚入军队,而是多将其发遣到边远的州郡服役,所以常被称为配州。配隶在唐代的出现主要有两方面的原因:首先是五刑制度本身存在的缺陷所致;其次是出于充实国防的目的。配隶刑对后世刑制产生了重要影响。     

Rolling to Mechanisation: Excavations at Lymm Slitting Mill

An archaeological excavation at Lymm slitting mill in Cheshire was undertaken by Oxford Archaeology North in 2005 as a key component of the Lymm's Life Project, which was financed by the Heritage Lottery Fund. The slitting mill was established in the second quarter of the 18th century, and was one of a group of important iron-working sites in the area that were managed by a local Quaker family. The remains probably represent the best surviving example of a slitting mill in England, and one of a very small number that has been subject to archaeological study and consolidation. The slitting mill had been excavated by a local group between 1968 and 1974, although the site was eventually backfilled before a detailed survey was produced and a full synthesis of the results was never published. This paper discusses the archaeological work undertaken on this important early mechanised iron-working site, and places it in its context of 18th-century slitting mills in north-west England.     

独树一帜的藏传佛教觉域派尼僧

The Joyul tradition, which was founded in the 11th century; was one of the most important sects of Tibetan Buddhism. This tradition may trace its origins back to Pha Dampa Sangye, a well-known monk who was a native of South India, and was founded by Macik Labdron(ma-cig lab-sgron), a famous Tibetan Yogini (a female practitioner of the Yogachara schooD. It was the only sect founded by a female in the history of Tibetan Buddhism, and this is also rarely seen in the world history of world religions.     

明末清初画家孙杕考

梅花碑是杭州一处很著名的地方,在佑胜观路以南。此地原为南宋德寿宫旧址。明末清初,杭州两位共享盛名的画家孙、蓝瑛合作画了一张梅石图,刻成石碑立于此地,于是由碑名衍化为地名。直到晚清,这里还摩肩擦踵,热闹非凡。     

A Russian Version of Christian Realism: Spiritual Wisdom and Politics in the Thought of S. L. Frank (1877–1950)

Christian realism is a concept normally associated with the US theologian and ethicist Reinhold Niebuhr. However, Niebuhr was not alone in warning Christians of the dangers of utopianism and trying to promote a religiously inspired political realism; thinkers from a number of countries had similar aspirations. In this context, the Russian philosopher Semyon Liudvigovich Frank (1877–1950) deserves particular attention. A Marxist in his youth, Frank became disillusioned with revolutionary ideas before and after the 1905 revolution, and was drawn away from politics to philosophy. However, he remained interested in political questions, both while he was in Russia and after he was forced into exile in 1922. This found expression in the 1940s in a form of Christian realism. Frank rejected the doctrine ‘the end justifies the means.’ But he was a gradualist in his approach to social change, believing that politicians needed to have a pragmatic attitude of mind. A distinctive feature of Frank's approach was the connection he made between spiritual inwardness on the one hand and effective decision-making on the other, although he also saw spirituality as arising in a social context. Ultimately, there was a mystical dimension to Frank's Christian realism that was absent in Niebuhr's doctrine.     

The first career of William Alexander Hammond

Neurology in its modern sense was first studied in the well-known neurological institutions of France and England. In America, however, this new field of medicine was developed by a physician in a private practice, Dr. William Alexander Hammond. This article addresses the question how Hammond was able to limit his practice to neurology. It is argued that Hammond was a famous military physician before becoming the first practitioner of clinical neurology in America. This fame translated into a large referral base.     

The Judicial Bookshelf

The death of Justice Byron R. White on April 15, 2002, occasioned numerous assessments, as had happened when he retired in 1993. From his perspective, he was the accidental jurist. "Well, I never wanted to be a judge," he confessed to a reporter in a rare interview in 1999. "I said to the president I would give it a try." White's "try" lasted thirty-one years, among the longest tenures of twentieth-century Justices. Yet many appraisals of White passed over a critical point: the Supreme Court in 1993 was a very different institution from the one he joined in 1962. This was true beyond the obvious changes in personnel. No one on the bench in 1962 was still sitting when White retired. In 1962, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, who succeeded him, was only four years out of Harvard Law School and was completing a year as a research associate at Columbia University Law School prior to joining the professorate at Rutgers in Newark.     

Illustrations of Domestic Manners During the Reign of Edward I

Abstract

A small ivory head of a tonsured man, expertly carved in relief, was found in 1991 during excavations at the great eighth-eleventh century Lombard monastery at San Vincenzo al Volturno. The head was excavated with other fragments of carved ivory, antler and bone, in the vicinity of the collective workshop of the monastery, and was doubtless carved in this workshop. The head-type is a variant on an early Byzantine formula which was employed in Rome by the sixth century and subsequently, in the eighth century, was adopted by artists working for noble Lombard patrons in northern Italy. The painters responsible for decorating the churches and claustral buildings of San Vincenzo in the first half of the ninth century also used this type, and in details of its carving the new ivory head seems to show the direct influence of painted heads of early ninth-century date from the walls of the monastery. The relief was probably intended for the embellishment of a small casket or the cover of a book. The new head, besides being a significant addition to the tiny corpus of surviving carvings in ivory from early medieval Italy, shows the craftsmen in the monastery's workshop had at their disposal a material which was both rare and prestigious in the period.     

The Soviet Union and the Construction of Azerbaijani National Identity in the 1930s

Although the titular nation of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic was Turkic speaking and had strong cultural and historical ties with Iran, the Soviet regime constructed a national identity that was divorced from its Turkic and Iranian past. The current literature cannot provide the exact period when this construction was put forward and generally argues that the Azerbaijani identity was artificially created as part of a broader “divide-and-rule” policy that was applied to all the Turkic nations in the Soviet Union. However, this thesis by itself does not explain why this change from a Turkic identity to an Azerbaijani one happened seventeen years after the Bolsheviks assumed power in Baku, and its simple causation makes it sound more like a conspiracy theory, which had a certain popularity in the Cold War era, than a scholarly argument. By presenting a broader view, the paper explains why and when the national identity in Soviet Azerbaijan was altered from Turkic to Azerbaijani. It argues that there were many factors that induced the Bolsheviks to take this extraordinary step in 1937. In fact, the change in defining national identity in Azerbaijan was a result of a combination of developments in the 1930s in Turkey, Iran, Germany, and the Soviet Union. The article concludes that these developments left Soviet rulers no choice but to construct an independent Azerbaijani identity.     

测量脆弱漆膜强度的夹具的研制及其在漆器修复中的应用

为了评价漆器修复过程中的回软程度,自行研制了一种能够表征面积微小、形态不规则的脆弱漆膜强度的夹具。该夹具与万能材料试验机配合使用,可对漆膜回软前后的强度进行定量测试。实验结果表明,陕西兴平墓葬出土的一明代漆棺残片,经聚乙二醇水溶液回软处理后,膜强度得到了明显提高,回软修复效果良好,该工作对亚浸水类型漆器文物的回软修复、保护具有科学指导意义。