Des intellectuels contre l'idéologie économique

This article considers a number of recent trends and argues that, rather than remaining unchallenged, the supremacy of the neo‐liberal model has given renewed dynamism to the critique of economic ideology and has revitalised the humanist approach. The dominance of both economic rationality and economics as academic discipline is questioned radically. These critiques converge upon a reassessment of the foundations of French democracy and of the Welfare State in order to promote social cohesion. The works informing this study offer an alternative to the prevailing economic paradigm.     

Les élites parlementaires françaises et la parité: Sur l'evolution d'une idée

This article analyses French parliamentary elites' perceptions of gender parity in politics. In particular, it examines the debates that took place in the National Assembly and the Senate between 17 June 1998 and 28 June 1999 with regard to the constitutional bill on women and men's equal access to elected office. These debates, which primarily sought to determine whether to modify article 3 or 4 of the Constitution, highlight the main preoccupations of proponents and opponents of parity, notably: popular sovereignty, republican universalism versus communitarianism , the modernisation of political life, equality between female and male citizens, and, finally, the role of parties in representation and the selection of elites. In the conclusion, questions are raised about representative democracy and, above all, women's role in political representation.     

Vers une histoire de la mémoire sportive en France ? Cadres théoriques et éléments d’analyse

The main objectives of this article are to highlight memory as a phenomenon in the field of sport, to determine its content and to understand the dynamics that governed it during the twentieth century. Memory and its socio-historical study are two growing dimensions of the postmodern era, while sport, structured by industrial societies, has shaped modes of representation, notably since the second half of the century. Through the link between sport and society, the spatial and temporal considerations as well as the reconfiguration of social frameworks, we will therefore reveal the existence and emergence of memory as a vital element of the contemporary sporting sphere. From this analysis, we will also put forward a first assessment of existing uses of sporting memory: between historical legitimacy and patrimonialisation.     

L'Oubli et la mémoire dans quelques tragédies classiques françaises

This article explores the dynamic interplay between memory and forgetfulness in three French classical tragedies: Cinna, Andromaque, and Britannicus. Corneille envisages forgetfulness as a political virtue in Cinna: Auguste's clemency represents not only the redemption of the political misdeeds of his enemies but also their conversion from rebellion to submission. Moreover, the emperor's magnanimity conjures the notion of historical myth, his transcendence of guilt, and his profound need to detach himself from his criminal identity. Andromaque highlights, on the contrary, the tragic inability of protagonists to escape the powerful hold of the past on their conscience. Memories of the Trojan War continue to obsess them. Whereas Pyrrhus calls into question his heroic identity and winds up rejecting it, Andromaque takes refuge in the mythic past of Troy and remains forever wedded to the horrific images of the war's carnage. Racine emphasizes the deep-rooted influence of the historical past in Britannicus: Agrippine incarnates the aging matriarch bent on recapturing her glorious past but remains obsessed with the tragic dimension of time, which will result in her ultimate fall from power. Néron exemplifies the would-be virtuous emperor incapable of escaping from the tragedy of genetic determinism. By centering attention on the sheer decadence of Rome and the ignominious reign of the “monstre naissant,” Britannicus stands in direct opposition to Cinna, which clearly belongs to the heroic tradition of French classical tragedy.     

Algérie: Les retours de la mémoire de la guerre d'indépendance

After independence, the history of national liberation in Algeria was largely managed by the single-party state. Founding figures of Algerian nationalism such as Messali Hadj and Ferhat Abbas were shrouded in silence. Since 1988 a plurality of voices has emerged and a number of historic figures have been rehabilitated. The state of quasi-civil war which has existed since 1992 between government forces and Islamic insurgents has, nevertheless, continued to inhibit discussion of human rights abuses during the war of independence. The recent resurgence in France of the debate over the use of torture during the Algerian war has been largely ignored by the Algerian government. The status of harkis , Algerian Muslims who fought on the side of the French during the war of independence, also remains acutely sensitive in official Algerian circles. Events such as the 'Berber Spring' of 2001 are continuing to press the authorities towards greater openness.