BEYOND THE ROMAN EMPIRE: ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES IN GUDME ON FUNEN, DENMARK

Summary. More than one hundred years ago in the Gudme area on Funen, Denmark, Frederik Sehested carried out probably the earliest regional survey in world archaeology. This was subsequently published in two magnificent volumes. Today the Gudme-area is the focus of the main research project of Danish archaeology, investigating a truly massive 'royal' settlement of some two hundred hectares near Gudme with the adjacent emporium at Lundeborg on the nearby coast of the Greater Belt. The settlements, cemeteries, and hoards of precious metals of the region date in the main from 200–600 A.D., the late Roman and migration periods of European history. The royal settlement is seemingly made up of farms with longhouses of ordinary type, but with very rich finds, including many Roman and Frankish imports, and remains of luxury crafts. The emporium antedates the well-known Carolingian and Viking establishments by several centuries and was founded when Roman cities still flourished, e.g., in the Rhinelands.     

WEST OF THE BEST: ROCK ART AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES IN THE DORO !NAWAS REGION OF NORTHWEST NAMIBIA

The Northwest of Namibia bears a concentration of rock art that is among the highest in the world. One of the centres is Twyfelfontein, a cluster of sites surrounding a waterhole at the eastern fringe of the Namib Desert, classified as the prime rock engraving site in southern Africa and designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Recent prospections in the desert west of Twyfelfontein have resulted in the discovery of engravings and paintings that exceed those at the UNESCO site, both in quantity and quality. Our contribution to this volume in memory of Klavs Randsborg introduces this newly discovered archaeological landscape and discusses the connection between water ‐ a rare commodity in the desert environment ‐ and the rich array of rock art and other archaeological features found here.     

THE ECONOMIC LAW OF MARKET AREAS: A FURTHER DISCUSSION*

ABSTRACT. The Economic Law of Market Areas, so named by Fetter, is concerned with the division of a territory between two competing centers. It is argued that this Law can be conveniently examined in terms of six cases, each of which is specified by a combination of differentials in freight rates and prices at the two centers. The locational significance of each case is considered, along with the form and dimensions of the market-area boundary between the two centers. Three of the cases are each shown to subsume a special case. It is further shown that for any case except one, a reversal of the differentials between the two centers, while resulting in a symmetrically-equivalent outcome, requires a different (and usually substantial) respecification of the case.     

LE GARDIEN DU TOMBEAU: FURTHER REFLECTIONS ON THE INITIAL NEOLITHIC

Summary. The unique carving of an armed human figure on a capstone in the Déhus passage grave, Guernsey, has been known for some 70 years but has hitherto eluded parallels and explanation. With the stimulus of recent researches in Brittany, it is now possible to suggest that here too is an example oficonoclasm and incorporation associated with the inception of the Neolithic and the formative stages of megalithic traditions.     

青藏高原东麓吐蕃时期佛教摩崖造像的发现与研究

目次一藏东地区考古发现的佛教造像遗存二大日如来信仰在藏东地区的传播三唐蕃文化交流背景下的吐蕃佛教遗存青藏高原东麓,是指青海、西藏以及四川三省区交界的广大地域。从历史上看,这个区域既是吐蕃王国向外扩张的重要通道,也是吐蕃王国势力最为强盛时期的东部疆界,学术界一般习惯于将其简称为藏东地区。今天西藏以外的藏族聚居区无论是甘南藏区、青海藏区、四川藏区,还是滇西北藏区都处在这一区域之内,这不仅能够说明这个区域历史上与中部藏区(卫藏)之间的密切联系,这个格局也正是从吐蕃以来逐渐形成的。     

空间视角下的区域非均衡再研究:回顾与展望

文章根据新经济地理学理论和空间数据分析技术的最新发展,针对区域经济非均衡中出现的空间集聚、区域差异、增长收敛三种表现方式,分类梳理和归纳了国内外学者在该领域具有代表性的理论和实证成果。这些研究或对其进行了成因分析,或测度了非均衡程度,或完善了产业政策和区域政策,强调了地理因素在区域非均衡发展中的重要作用,拓展了该领域的发展空间。文章的最后进一步提出需要将挖掘微观因素、将社会性变量纳入模型、拓宽研究尺度等下一步研究方向。     

FURTHER STATISTICAL METHODS FOR THE CALIBRATION OF FLOATING TREE-RING CHRONOLOGIES

This paper describes the application of some further statistical methods for the calibration of floating treering chronologies to data pertaining to the Neolithic settlement at Auvernier. The more general statistical approach utilizes the information contained in the successive time-derivatives as well as the absolute values of the bristlecone pine calibration curve, by fitting polynomial or piecewise polynomial curves, thereby producing better estimates, in general, of the absolute dates of the floating chronologies. Presentation of results in terms of joint confidence regions enables the relevant stratigraphic evidence to be included in the analysis by simple graphical means. In addition, the paper offers a new approach, using only floating tree-ring chronologies, to the testing of Libby's principle of simultaneity.     

A FURTHER EXPLORATION INTO THE ROBUSTNESS OF SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION SPECIFICATIONS*

ABSTRACT In a recent study, the robustness of linear models with various spatial autocorrelation specifications was assessed through Monte Carlo experiments, and the geostatistical models were concluded to dominate the weight matrix models in the prediction. The present study tests the soundness of this conclusion with a different framework for prediction and presents some experimental results that can call into doubt the dominance of the geostatistical models over the weight matrix models.