帛书《五十二病方》成书年代考证

1973年,湖南长沙市郊马王堆汉墓出土了帛书《五十二病方》,学术界关于其成书年代有三种说法。本文从此书的内容、文字、语言等方面予以考证,认为《五十二病方》的成书年代应在战国晚期。     

《官话指南》里的词汇和语汇现象

《官话指南》是明治中期日本人编著的汉语教科书,在日本汉语教学史上占有重要的地位。它采用北京口语和问答的体例,语言生动形象,书中不仅保留了大量的具有方言色彩的官话词汇,还有一定数量的歇后语、惯用语等语汇材料。此书词汇和语汇的编排为后世的汉语教材的编写积累了较为丰富的经验。     

钱冠连的《汉语文化语用学》

著名学者钱冠连的《汉语文化语用学》，已于清华大学出版社97年7月出版。这是我国首部以汉语文化为背景的语用学专著，对汉语研究有突破性的进展，因而著名前辈学者对此书均有很高的评价。季羡林先生的《序》言说，此书具有“前无古人的精辟的见解’。王宗炎先生的《序》言中说：“国外的语用学著作与它是无可比拟的。”可见此书的创新精神及其学术质量是非同寻常的。为什么两位著名前辈学者对此书有这样高度的评价呢？因为“语用学”不仅在古希腊、罗马时期早已引起古代学者的注意，而且在本世纪70年代，已成为西方语言研究中一门新兴的独…     

《红楼梦》与满语言文化刍议

本文对《红楼梦》中前八十回的部分满语词例作了释析,借以阐明《红楼梦》与满语言文化有着密切的联系,并指出至今在汉语中还活跃着许多满语文的字词与用语。     

汉语史专家方一新

方一新,1957年10月生,祖籍浙江黄岩,文学博士。主要从事汉语词汇史和训诂学研究。出版《中古汉语语词例释》等多种著作,发表论文百余篇。曾获北京大学王力语言学奖、浙江省政府奖二等奖（两次）、国家级教学成果奖二等奖;2007年被评为浙江省优秀教师。现为浙江大学人文学院中文系教授,博士生导师,兼浙江大学汉语史研究中心主任,浙江大学汉语言研究所所长。是全囤社科基金项目评审组专家,浙江省社科基金专家组成员,浙江省语言学会副会长。2008年被聘为浙江省文史研究馆馆员。     

黄侃对民间俗语的研究

二十世纪初,俗语受到学者重视,黄侃得时代风气之先,留心于此。他选录了《蕲春语》,将现代俗语与《集韵》所载中古汉语相印证,评点清代翟灏《通俗编》。但他反对用白话俗语来创作文学作品,不过重视历代文学作品中的俗语材料,训释《文选》中任昉《奏弹刘整》的俗语词,对宋词中的俗语进行研究,拟撰《唐宋元文辞常语类考》。他的俗语研究具有语言学、文学、民俗学等多方面的意义,至今仍然具有重要的学术价值和借鉴意义。     

中古时期一部重要的文献-《齐民要术》

《齐民要术》是中古时期一部重要的文献典籍,本文从《齐民要术》的作者、版本、内容、语言等方面介绍该书的情况,以期能够促进对于该书的文献整理和汉语史的研究工作。     

《汉语景教文典诠释》指谬

《汉语景教典诠释》是由三联书店出版的一部校勘整理汉语景教献的作,由于作对于中古语言特别是俗语词缺乏研究,致使在校勘中出现了大量的错误,本即是针对其谬误提出补正意见。论对涉及“扇”、“腾祥”、“休烈”、“声颠”、“许”、“理”、“由绪”、“欲似”、“取……进止”、“遣”、“螫”、“百灵之府”“摄化”等语词的二十二处校诂提出了新的解释。     

《韩非子》注译商榷

《韩非子》注译商榷时永乐《韩非子》是法家的集大成性著作,对于研究中国古代的哲学、文学、语言与历史等均具有重要价值。此书原有旧注,作者失考．有清一代,治是书者始众,王念孙、卢文、俞樾、孙诒让等著名学者均曾校理此书．光绪年间,长沙王先慎,汇集各家成果,撰...     

《左传》同义复词研究

《左传》是先秦的重要典籍,也是研究汉语史和上古汉语的重要文献。同义复词在《左传》中大量存在,成为一种值得重视的现象。有的同义复词在《左传》中就凝固为复音词传承至今,有的还处在向复音词发展的过渡阶段。《左传》中大量的同义复词就证明了这个重要阶段,因此在词汇史上有很高的研究价值。本文对《左传》中的同义复词进行了穷尽性的考察和描写,从构成同义复词的两个语言单位的语义入手,界定了519个同义复词,对其特点进行分析,展现《左传》同义复词在词汇发展中的重要地位。     

《高僧传》词语札记

《高僧传》是南朝梁慧皎所写的一部僧人传记。它包举了二百五十七个僧人,是佛教史上的重要作。同时,《高僧传》也是研究汉语史特别是汉语词汇史的重要语料,对研究南北朝汉语词汇有重大的价值。本记录了《高僧传》中的“一往”、“去来”、“又指”、“偏局”、“藉(籍)”、“应时”、“同意”共七个大型词典未收的新词以待就教于方家。     

《云笈七签》词语零札

道教典籍宝藏着丰富的语料,其中有许多语言现象值得研究。本对《云七签》中的若干词语作些考释,以补充一些辞书在释义方面的不足。     

“The play is set in the theatre”: Conor McPherson and the late-modern humanism of the theatrical event

The plays of Conor McPherson emphasise a sociality of story, language, and theatre. His theatre demands both that a storyteller be heard and that storytellers acknowledge the reality of their words existing in a social space. Meaning-making in McPherson's monologues must thus be social, shared either between the monologists and the theatrical audience, or between a storyteller and the in-play audience. This essay argues that the dynamic of storytelling in McPherson's theatre epitomises a late-modern humanist pursuit. We encounter his characters on loosely defined linguistic journeys of ontological becoming, and are called upon as audience to become interlocutors, supporting and advancing this humanist process. Ultimately, McPherson's work suggests that dramatic characters and theatrical audience exist in a reciprocal relationship of soliciting and supporting a becoming from one another.     

Sails in the North—New Perspectives on an Old Problem

The origin of sail has been debated for a long time, but the linguistic evidence has rarely been taken into account. The word sail has a cognate in two Celtic languages, and a good linguistic chronology is available for these. The reconstructed historical development of Celtic and Germanic words indicates that the word existed in West Germanic well before the Anglo-Saxon migrations and the confinement of Celtic to the British Isles. An origin of both word and technology in the Celtic world is proposed, both being passed into the Germanic world in the Rhine region.     

The Idiom of the Other: Three Francophone Writers of “The Fringe”

This paper is based on the linguistic and cultural experiences of three francophone writers: Ahmadou Kourouma (Abidjan, Ivory Coast), Suzanne Dracius (Martinique), and Barry Jean Ancelet (Louisiana, United States). Their testimonies are discussed in the opening section. A reading of Jacques Derrida's Monolingualism of the Other; or, The Prosthesis of Origin, enables us to analyze the experiences of these three writers, “whose relation to the French language is as vexed and varied as Derrida's own Algerian inheritance” (in the words of an anonymous reviewer). It leads, in the next section, to a discussion of the impossibility of absolute monolingualism demanded by “linguistic imperialism,” the multiplicity inherent in any language, and the violence of a language which claims to be unique, while serving some ideology or power. In the last part, I address the double interdict to which Derrida believes education must respond, and the double entitlement for which it is responsible.     

中古及近代法制文献校释

前贤时彦在中古及近代法制献的整理方面做了大量辛勤工作,取得了丰硕的成果。但是,由于中古及近代法制献汗牛充栋,加之这些献充满大量的口语词以及法律专门词,所以,对其进行准确校释并非易事。直到目前,学们对这一时期的法制献进行误校和误释的现象还比较突出,这对于法制史和汉语史研究都是不利的。本拈出中古及近代法制献中“小愆乏及”、“恋着”、“细小”、“偏说”、“周备仪”、“不悔之人”、“科合”、“告反逮受”、“摄”、“连逮”、“奏尽”、“用类推迹”、“简书”、“分析申”、“水雨”、“便”、“画指为记”、“大例”、“捉”、“不在论限”、“逐要”、“没”、“虚说”、“父祖舍”等24个词语和术语,进行重新校释,以期得其正解。     

Agency, Postmodernism, and the Causes of Change

This theme issue's call for papers notes that "several prevalent and influential historical practices of the last thirty years have limited agency's significance, . . . seeing the human as the patient of History rather than its agent." The questions implicit in this statement are nowhere more urgent than in those practices collectively known as the "linguistic turn." Yet such questions have been explored sparsely enough in relation to this movement that some adherents can still insist that the ideas they favor do not devalue agency, while many simply ignore the issue and incorporate agency as an integral part of their work. By examining a largely unremarked episode in Michel Foucault's highly influential thought and considering its connections to foundational assumptions of the linguistic turn, we seek to demonstrate in detail why the premises that underlie both structuralism and poststructuralism (the theoretical movements most deeply implicated in the direction the linguistic turn has taken in history) logically require the denial of agency as a causal force and ultimately compel the conclusion that no change can occur in realities as interpreted by humans. We illustrate the intractability of these logical problems by analyzing unsatisfactory defenses from some of the few linguistic-turn historians who have discussed relevant issues, after which we conclude by suggesting that attention to current work in linguistics and cognitive science may help resolve such difficulties.     

A Note on Kalhori Kinship Terms

Despite the great number of studies conducted by Western scholars exploring kinship terminologies in different languages, there seems to have been little attempt at dealing with kin words in Iranian languages like Kurdish. More specifically, Kalhori, as a southern dialect of Kurdish, has rarely been subject to studies of this nature. Underlining the significance of such studies in the wider linguistic and anthropological contexts, this study attempts to explore kin words Kalhori speakers use to refer to or address their relatives. We also make an attempt to investigate the possibility of presenting a formal explanation of the terms by placing them in a componential analysis framework.     

Bilingualism and geographical knowledge: A case study of students at the University of Wales,Aberystwyth

This paper explores the role of languages in the constitution of geographical knowledge. We argue that the fact that people speak different languages is significant to the ways in which they engage with geography as a subject. We unpack some of the processes through which languages make a difference to geography through an empirical project based on students at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth, where geography is taught bilingually through Welsh and English. Student geography is a particularly interesting arena to further this theme, because of students' mediating role in translating professional geography into the popular sphere, which in the case of students at Aberystwyth is also a different linguistic sphere. Our empirical work suggests that the use of Welsh creates a particular linguistic culture of geography, because of the shared experience of specific practices and politics in bilingual education. This makes a difference to the kinds of geography consumed and produced by bilingual students. Through a discussion of the linguistic identity of Welsh geography, we address some of the implications and limitations of this social formation. We conclude by arguing that a focus on language has the potential to open up new ways of talking about geography.