谈先秦时期的"民"与"俗"

按照追本溯源的原则,弄清楚先秦时期“民”与“俗”的起源与概念等问题应当是很有意义的事情。不揣翦陋,试谈以下问题,以供专家参考。     

从冯梦龙《山歌》谈吴歌的传承与发展

吴地山歌又称吴歌,其产生发展源远流长,流传区域早已不限于吴语地区。明代中晚期,是吴歌发展的极盛时期,冯梦龙就是这个时期最具影响力的代表人物。他以大量的精力从事吴歌俗曲的采集、整理、编辑、评点,刊印了《挂枝儿》《山歌》两本民歌专集,对我国的民间文学事业作出了重大的贡献。作为冯梦龙家乡和吴歌传唱中心的苏州,新中国成立以来,在吴歌的挖掘、研究方面做了大量工作。2006年,吴歌被列入首批国家非物质文化遗产保护名录。近几年来,随着冯梦龙文化研究的不断深入,在吴歌的保护与传承、创新与发展方面开展了一系列的活动,取得了一定成果,对于弘扬优秀传统文化,繁荣新时代文化事业具有十分重要的现实意义。     

新形势下的新定位--关于民俗学的"民"与"俗"的新思考

民俗学作为一门科学发展到现在已经有近两百年的历史了。从这个学科诞生的那天起,关于“民”和“俗”的定义的争论就一天也没有停止过。因为这是所有民俗学家都无法回避的问题,它确实关乎民俗学学科的基本定位和发展方向。     

North African Bird Lore: New Light On Old Problems

In many parts of the world one encounters a disapprobation of living beings, either animals or humans, walking, jumping, or otherwise crossing a corpse. Nearly as widespread as aversion to the act is one supposed consequence: the corpse is believed to become reanimated. Drawing on a variety of cases, this article describes the distribution of the idea both in ritual practice and myth and establishes its fundamental form. Consideration is given to how far the representation can be traced to cross-culturally common features of mortuary ritual and common ideas about spiritual entities and non-human animals. As none of these approaches sufficiently accounts for the disapprobation or the concomitant belief in reanimation, it is then shown how an explanation can be found in equally widespread and possibly universal tendencies of human cognition, including an experience of newly deceased persons as incompletely dead and therefore transitional between life and death, and an association, expressed in many different languages, of traversal with transgression.     

歌谣与启蒙--以晚清《新小说》杂志的"杂歌谣"专栏为中心

关于歌谣,人们往往首先会提及1918年《北京大学日刊》刊发的蔡元培校长歌谣征集启事,还有1920年冬北大组织成立的歌谣研究会。在一般人眼中,对歌谣的搜集和研究,就是从20世纪20年代前后开始的;然而以精英知识分子的身份,关注来自下层社会的歌谣,这一现象并非自20世纪20年代前后才开始出现。可以说,现代知识分子的这种风气,仍然是晚清以来知识阶层追求的一种延续。     

Champa Kelzang:the Warrior of the Potala Palace

When I met my husband,he frequently brought up the name of Champa Kelzang,the director of the Administrative Department of the Potala Palace.