从国王名称和徽章等看都铎英国的王权

指称与象征是透视都铎英国王权的重要视角。都铎英国国王的自称与他称、国王的正式称谓与称号、国王的纹章与旗帜等,是分析都铎英国王权的指称与象征的主要内容,但迄今很少有学者从这样的视角对都铎王权进行研究。指称与象征的内涵及其变迁表明,都铎王权的合法性基础发生了重大变化,王权与主权观念实现了重合与交融,但王权的范围与职能划分中存在着公权与私权的内在矛盾。这集中体现在国王的特许权上。在这个意义上,英国宪政的发展历程正是解决国王特许权内在矛盾的过程。     

The Ancient Origins of Medieval Fields: A Reassessment

This article questions the suggestions that have been made by a number of archaeologists and landscape historians concerning the Roman and prehistoric origins of large tracts of the medieval rural landscape in lowland England. It suggests that arguments for large-scale continuity of field systems, mainly based on the evidence of excavations and topographic analysis, are flawed because they fail to take fully into account the topographic contexts, and the practical functions, of field boundaries. When these matters are given due weight, much of the evidence cited in support of ‘continuity’ instead appears to suggest a significant degree of discontinuity, at least in terms of systems of land division, between Roman Britain and medieval England.     

The Collaboration of Intellectuals and Politicians in the Postwar Reconstruction: A Reassessment

The reconstruction that followed the Second World War is remembered as a golden period of Australian policy-making, during which the foundations of the modern nation-state were laid. Studies of the Labor governments led by John Curtin and Ben Chifley portray an unusually close and productive collaboration between political leaders and their policy advisers in the Department of Post-War Reconstruction. However, close examination of policy development during the reconstruction era suggests that the notion of a ‘blessed conjuncture of reason and politics’, in the words of H. C. Coombs, masks significant disagreements between Labor politicians and policy experts. Using the development of the full employment and housing policies as examples, this article shows that the relationship between Labor leaders and bureaucrats was not as symbiotic as is commonly supposed. This reassessment allows for a more accurate understanding of the achievements of the postwar reconstruction and the historical relationship between political leaders and public servants.     

A Byzantine hagiographical parody: Life of Mary the Younger

Abstract

In this paper, it is argued that The Life of Mary the Younger, an anonymous Byzantine text of the eleventh century, has a conscious intertextual dialogue with the oldest Byzantine Life venerating a holy woman, the Life of Macrina written by her brother, Gregory of Nyssa, between 380 and 383. The intertextual relation between these two female Lives takes the form of parody. Following Linda Hutcheon's theory of parody, this article shows how the anonymous hagiographer of Mary reworks Gregory's authoritative text to create a new work, a parody in terms of postmodern literary criticism, whose aim was to criticise old and contemporary customs, conventions and ideologies. In other words, the present article approaches and decodes the literariness, the function and ideology of Mary's Life in the light of Macrina's Life.     

都铎君主政体新论

15、16世纪,英国社会经济、政治等各方面发生了巨大的变化,这决定了都铎君主政体的特殊性。它既有别于绝对君主专制,又不同于后来的君主立宪制,君权与议会达到了协调一致,共同维系着英国政治机器的运作。本从新的角度人手,综合“修正学派”及。后修正学派”等学派的观点,对都铎有限君主制的性质进行了新的探讨。