雪山隐士：吉隆的雪豹

雪豹是美丽濒危的猫科动物,又名草豹、艾叶豹,因终年生活在雪线附近而得名。雪豹的豹骨、豹皮价格非常昂贵,人类不断的趋利捕杀使雪豹数量越来越少,再加上雪豹活动区域的特殊性,人们更是难得一睹尊容,因此雪豹又被称为“雪山隐士”。吉隆县境内有很多海拔5000米以上的山峰,最高的央然康日海拔7429米,有些高山终年积雪、人迹罕至,这些崇山峻岭为雪豹提供了适宜的生存环境。     

大熊猫和它的伙伴共享熊猫森林恩赐的野生动物

<正>四川卧龙自然保护区拥有极大落差的海拔,气候和植被的垂直带谱也由此而非常明显,栖息于这样完整的高山森林生态系统中的野生动物,也呈现出相对固定的垂直分布和迁徙生活的特点。大致以海拔3500米为界,小熊猫、毛冠鹿、水鹿、斑羚等素食动物与大熊猫共享着健康森林生态带来的恩赐。在此之上,狼、金钱豹、雪豹等习惯高海拔生活的猛兽和它们的猎物——岩羊,则一直分布到雪线附近。     

喜马拉雅山雪豹

喜马拉雅山雪豹□吴新华在西藏喜马拉雅山区生活着一种世界上罕见的珍贵野豹,因它的活动范围在雪线上下,因而得名雪豹,又名艾叶豹、荷叶豹。雪豹系食肉目,猫科,体形似金钱豹,头小而圆,体长约１－１．３米,体重８０－１２０公斤;尾粗壮,蓬松柔软,长度大于体长２...     

窘迫中的神灵

雪豹并不轻易现身．它们被雪山居民尊为“雪山之神”。最新刚刚公开的拍摄于四川甘孜州石渠县的雪豹视频．把这种神秘的动物带入了大众的视线。     

封面故事

正科学界推测冰期动物起源于北极圈地区,此后随着冰期的加强逐渐向南迁移。然而在札达盆地发现的最原始的披毛犀、雪豹、盘羊、北极狐等化石,推翻了冰期动物起源于北极圈的假说,证明了青藏高原才是它们最初的摇篮和演化中心。这个摇篮的产生及消失,与青藏高原的隆升密切相关,而阿里高原上古生     

我们走进西藏 它们走出西藏

正一系列原始耐寒动物在札达盆地的发现证明,青藏高原确实是冰期动物群的摇篮。在札达盆地发现的最原始的披毛犀、雪豹、盘羊、北极狐等化石推翻了冰期动物起源于北极圈的假说,证明青藏高原才是它们最初的演化中心。青藏高原上炎热而干燥的夏季正午时分,一队人在寸草不生的荒凉沟壑间来回搜寻着脚下的土地。这些人穿着防雨的冲锋衣,但背包外还扎着羽绒服,显然是早晚温差巨大、天气瞬息万变的缘故。每个人手上都拿着一把尖头的锤子,常常在一个地方蹲下来观察上一会儿,就一定     

半脊峰,雪线上的生命动感

终于,大家神采奕奕地开始向海子BC3500米进发。一路兴奋并掺杂着高原反应。C1,海拔高度约为4450米。从这里开始就可算为半脊峰的雪线。“雪线”是个专业名词,是指每座雪山常年积雪的下界,即年降雪量与年消融量相等的平衡线。     

从甘肃岩画看上古时期甘肃的动物分布

甘肃省境内岩画丰富,每个岩画点基本都有动物形象。从西北端的阿克塞、肃北,到河西走廊东端的景泰、平川、靖远等地,境内岩画上出现的动物形象有牦牛、北山羊、盘羊、岩羊、马、狗、狼、虎、豹、骆驼、貘、鹿、蛇、石鸡、飞雁、鹰、燕等数十种。这些动物的地域分布有其自身的特点,对于甘肃省内岩画中动物形象分布的考察与研究具有重要的历史文化价值和意义。     

金岩羊阿銮

在茫茫的原始森林里,有许多大大小小的岩洞。这些岩洞里住着五百只岩羊。每天,太阳洗脸之后,这些岩羊就一起走出岩洞,到森林里去寻找青草,太阳落山之后,才回到洞里。它们过着很有秩序,很有纪律的安静生活,这是因为五百只岩羊中有两只带头羊。这两只又高又大的带头羊是一公一母,相传公岩羊是阿銮转世。母羊则是这个阿銮世世代代的妻子。它们同时投胎于羊,在日常生活中建立了感情,最后又一次结成夫妻,共同管辖着这五百只岩羊。在这个森林的另一端,住着一对老夫妇,男的名叫布养陶,女的名叫娅养陶。他     

编辑手记

照片中,一只雪豹从怪石嶙峋的喜马拉雅山暗影中现出踪迹,浓密柔软的皮毛足可称赏,然而更迷人的还要数它几乎与身体同长的尾巴。这是我第一次有机会如此真切地观察雪豹：皮毛上的花斑、锐利逼人的金黄眼眸和宽阔矫健的脚掌都清晰可见。我曾在非洲各地拍摄过豹子,但它们都无法与这只雪豹的英姿媲美。在暗室里,史蒂夫·温特又给我看了一张照片,是另一只雪豹,背上还有一小簇积雪。     

Being a tourist as a chosen experience in a proximity destination

ABSTRACT

Being a tourist is not a passive attitude. It is the result of a conscious decision essentially based on how individuals build what they perceive as unknown and how they decide to get to know it. In other words, tourists deliberately create a distance with the destination which allows them to enjoy the tourist experience as something exceptional. This paper is part of ongoing research and focuses on the subjective construction of the otherness, since this process determines what is left to be discovered. First, a theoretical overview will introduce the concepts of usual environment, proximity and tourist. Then, we will focus on guided tours as a mechanism of mediation between individuals and places. Finally, we will move on to the case of Barcelona's walking tours and the local participants’ experience as a way to adopt a tourist's approach. Preliminary results show, first, four categories of experience of proximate guided tours: educational, expert, recreational and tourist. Then, they focus on the proximity tourist experience using Urry and Larsen's notion of the ‘tourist gaze’ and Tuan's theory on the tourist and the resident's points of view. According to these theories, participants’ motivations and their individual frame of reference define a tourist's point of view. Based on that, results show that proximity tourists and traditional tourists share curiosity as motivation but do not have the same points of reference. In spite of that, the feeling of proximity with the destination does not constitute a barrier to become a tourist. It is the conscious adoption of the tourist's role which makes the individual gaze upon the visited areas like a tourist, regardless of the proximity with the environment. This approach of proximity tourism constitutes a way to enhance familiar places and develop tourism in an environmentally concerned context where proximate destinations are being promoted.     

Ken Bullough: a scientist and a friend

The contributions made by Ken Bullough (1927–1994) to space physics and conflict research are briefly summarised. This brief obituary and review of his scientific contributions is supplemented by a complete list of his publications.     

Everything is at a time and in a place

The customary absence of anthropological perspectives in reports and policy recommendations on climate change and diversity loss is again confirmed in the current IPCC report and the recent UN report on biodiversity. This is a severe shortcoming since there is widespread agreement that goals are rarely met in these domains. Anthropology can offer a holistic perspective and local solutions which would make a difference. Policymakers are attracted to figures and universal recipes, but they need prose and diversity.