Ancient Interments and Sepulchral Urns Found in Anglesey and North Wales,with Notes on Examples in Some Other Localities

The wealth of evidence for Channel Islands megaliths is surveyed, with some attention to the contribution of the archaeological family Lukis. Detailed studies of distribution and relative survival demonstrate one advantage of the insular circumstance. A review of structural diversity, associations, and mortuary rites provides a local schema and this is placed within the framework for north-west France. The effects of insularity versus wider developments are assessed. Two specific case-studies—a structural and social interpretation of La Hougue Bie and an assessment of megalithic origins based on the Déhus carving—are of considerable importance for the wider field. Detailed lists of island structures are appended     

On Three Sepulchral Monuments at Clifton Reynes in the County of Buckingham

The development of fortification in Brittany from the Gallo-Roman period to the end of the Middle Ages has recently attracted considerable local interest. Much valuable work has been done on both the documentary sources and the archaeological evidence but the results of these researches have not significantly entered into general discussions nor have these two aspects of the subject always been successfully combined by architectural historians and archaeologists. This paper aims to provide a basis for comparison with developments elsewhere by suggesting a chronology and examining some of the principal social and political factors leading to successive campaigns of fortification. In particular the development of feudal society, the role of the frontiers with neighbouring provinces and the relationship of dukes of Brittany with their leading lords (especially centring on problems of control, licensing and financing of castle and urban defences) are dealt with during a period when the duchy enjoyed a considerable degree of political independence from the crown of France.     

Notice of the Cross-Legged Sepulchral Effigies,Existing at Cashel

Evidence recovered on the site known from late ninth-century charters as Æthelred’s hithe illustrates successive phases in the early development of London as an international port. While two middle Anglo-Saxon female skeletons were found in foreshore deposits, coins and other metalwork, along with the remains of gangplank trestles, suggest the site was a trading shore from at least the later ninth century. Riverside construction followed by the late tenth century: several low waterfront embankments date to the late tenth and early eleventh century, the waterfront was divided into regular plots and timber buildings erected. Reused nautical and building timbers include fragments of a Frisian ship and an arcaded building.     

On the Sepulchral Slabs Existing in the Counties of Northumberland and Durham

This offering to Denys Spittle is an attempt to isolate and describe houses built before about 175o with a plan essentially two rooms deep and with usually four rooms on a floor. Nearly four-hundred examples have been noted, the majority of them known only from the exterior. The Royal Commission on Historical Monuments (England) has found enough examples to include this plan-form as Class 9 in its classification (The Town of Stamford, 1977, pp. l–li).     

A Statistical Study of Lunar Alignments at the Newark Earthworks

Abstract

Previous work has presented evidence that the Circle-Octagon Earthworks at Newark Ohio contain numerous features that are aligned to the lunar standstills (extreme rise and set points of the Moon). A Monte Carlo study of randomly constructed octagons is presented to investigate the statistical significance of this evidence. The study investigates the sensitivity of the statistics to a variety of plausible assumptions about the design of the earthworks, the capabilities of the builders, and the type and precision of the astronomical alignments. The results of the quantitative study establish that the statistical significance of the evidence for deliberate astronomical alignment over the entire range of plausible assumptions is far too high to be dismissed. The study reveals that the hypothesis of deliberate astronomical alignment predicts the otherwise unexplained shape of both octagonal earthworks constructed by the Hopewell Culture. The analysis compares the Newark dataset to hypothetical datasets which have no statistical significance, so that the difference is clearly established. We also show the evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that the astronomical alignments were established from observations made from high points where the effects of local horizons were negligible.     

Sepulchral Barrows at Broad Down,Near Honiton,and an Unique Cup of Bituminous Shale there Found

The principal characteristics of the earthworks known as pillow mounds—artificial rabbit warrens—are discussed, together with the evidence for their date and purpose. Several aspects of their location and construction have caused considerable confusion to archaeologists in the past, and examples are suggested of current misidentification of these earthworks as prehistoric features. The need for a discussion of pillow mounds has recently become especially urgent due to the recognition of certain types of Neolithic earthwork of similar general appearance.     

中国发现的"高丽青瓷"研究

本文对中国境内发现的若干"高丽青瓷"的各项基本特征进行排比归纳,对"象嵌"装饰技法的实质进行了研究,并进而初步探讨高丽青瓷及其装饰技法与中国南北方青瓷之间的关系.     

The boat found at Kingsteignton, Devon, in 1898

The remains of a 19th-century find of a medieval clinker-built vessel have been subject to modem examination and radiocarbon and dendrochronological dates obtained.     

A New and Extended Case for Lunar (and Solar) Astronomy at the Newark Earthworks

Abstract

The Middle Woodland period Newark Earthworks in Newark, Ohio, are the largest known set of connected, geometrical earthworks ever constructed. An analysis of available evidence (survey, topographical, statistical, and archaeological) shows that the geometry of this Hopewell complex and its relation to the surrounding terrain can be understood in terms of astronomical alignments to the Sun and Moon. The geometrical structure of the site is consistently aligned with extremes in the 18.6-year cycle of lunar standstills. An understanding of the topographical context is presented by identifying four hilltops connected by lunar standstill alignments to long linear features of the Earthworks and connected to each other by alignments to the Sun at the solstices. The number and accuracy of the alignments together with Monte Carlo studies showing the low likelihood of chance producing such results suggest that Newark was aligned with unprecedented accuracy both to regional topographical features and astronomical phenomena.