An Unwanted Past: contemporary tourism and the heritage of communism in Romania

This paper considers how the legacy of communism and revolution has become the focus of interest among Western tourists in post-communist Bucharest. It argues that 'communist heritage' tourism - the consumption of key sights and sites associated with the Ceausescu regime and its overthrow - has emerged as a particular form of cultural or heritage tourism for special interest tourists. However, this is a heritage which is defined and constructed entirely outside Romania. Within Romania itself there is understandably little desire to remember the period of communist rule, and the legacy of this period is powerfully dissonant with the country's post-communist aspirations. Consequently, as a consideration of two case studies illustrates, there is no concern to interpret the legacy of communism for tourists; instead there is an attempt to deny or airbrush out this period of the country's history.     

An early Miocene ant (subfam. Amblyoponinae) from Foulden Maar: the first fossil Hymenoptera from New Zealand

Kaulfuss, U., Harris, A.C., Conran J.G. & Lee, D.E., 2014. An early Miocene ant (subfam. Amblyoponinae) from Foulden Maar: the first fossil Hymenoptera from New Zealand. Alcheringa 38, 568–574. ISSN 0311-5518.

The ant subfamily Amblyoponinae is presently represented in New Zealand by one endemic species in the cosmopolitan genus Stigmatomma and an introduced Australian species of Amblyopone. The fossil record of the group is restricted to two species of Stigmatomma from late Eocene Baltic Amber. Here, we describe the third fossil record, an Amblyopone-like specimen from the early Miocene of Otago, southern New Zealand, based on a winged male that resembles the extant A. australis Erichson in size, general habitus and characters of wing venation, but also shares features with the African amblyoponine genus Zymmer. This represents the first fossil record of Amblyoponinae from the Southern Hemisphere and the first example of Hymenoptera among the few pre-Quaternary insect fossils known from New Zealand. It suggests a long history of Amblyoponinae in New Zealand and Australia.

Uwe Kaulfuss [uwe.kaulfuss@otago.ac.nz] and Daphne E. Lee [daphne.lee@otago.ac.nz], Department of Geology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; Anthony C. Harris [anthony.harris@otagomuseum.govt.nz], Otago Museum, PO Box 6202, Dunedin 9059, New Zealand; John G. Conran [john.conran@adelaide.edu.au], ACEBB & SGC, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Benham Bldg, DX 650 312, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia. Received 18.3.2014; revised 15.5.2014; accepted 23.5.2014.     

“历史”释义

本文通过对于汉字“历”和“史”,汉字词组“历史”之字源、词源,及其意义之演变的考订,对“历史”的意义作了新的诠释。“历”字之初形初义,以足行经过禾间,表示有序有度的时间经过;“史”字之初形初义,以手持猎具表示事情。“历史”一词的初义,是历代史书;近代以来,发展出学问、教学科目、过去了的事情之过程等诸种意义。汉字“历史”一词,可以规范成为关于历史和历史学的恰切的文字表述,其所表达的时间、事情、空间和人的意义,已经大体上涵盖了历史学的基本要素,这就为史学史和史学思想的发展奠定了坚实的语言文字基础,也包藏着建立汉字系统的历史学理论之深厚的可能性。     

华人新移民在澳大利亚、新西兰的生存适应分析

澳大利亚、新西兰自上世纪七八十年代开始实行面向亚洲的政策以来 ,来自亚太地区不同国家的华人移民以及其他亚裔移民大量移进这两个国家。他们在异国他乡面临着以高失业率为主要特征的生存危机。但这一包括中国大陆新移民的华人群体 ,克服重重困难 ,站稳脚跟 ,逐步积累 ,取得了初步的成功     

Deciduous Nothofagus leaves from the Miocene of Cornish Head,New Zealand

Pole, M.S., 1994:03:28. Deciduous Nothofagus leaves from the Miocene of Cornish Head, New Zealand. Alcheringa 18, 79–83. ISSN 0311-5518.

Nothofagus leaves with plicate vernation, indicating a deciduous habit, are recorded from the Late Miocene of New Zealand. This is the first unequivocal record in New Zealand of deciduous Nothofagus, deciduous species now being restricted to Tasmania and South America.     

《澳新美同盟条约》对新西兰外交和防务政策的影响——基于冷战时代的考量

《澳新美同盟条约》是新西兰与非英联邦国家签订的第一个防务同盟条约。该条约的签订对其外交和防务政策产生了重要影响。冷战期间,它不仅加强了新西兰与美澳之间的外交和防务联系,提升了自身的防务能力,而且强化了新西兰参与地区性事务的愿望,同时与昔日对手日本的关系也不得不做出适时的调整。当然,必须强调的是,与美国的同盟关系并没有从根本上动摇新西兰对英联邦集体防御机制的信任,新西兰与英国传统的密切关系并未在根本上受到损害。     

孙觉《春秋经解》四库本讹误考析

以四库本为代表的孙觉《春秋经解》“十三卷”本第一、二卷内容全部冒用自孙复《春秋尊王发微》第一、二卷,这是导致史籍记载该书卷数有“十三”、“十五”卷之差异的原因所在。此“十三卷”本的讹误应当出现在宋宁宗嘉定丙子年(1226)汪纲补修之后、王应麟《玉海》著录之前这一段时期内,可能是因该书残缺而为人“访合”的结果。该书(并其《提要》)被清廷四库全书处送交“聚珍处”的抄本当是纪昀家藏本,很可能“聚珍处”在校对刊印时发现了其中的错讹,遂删改、取用原《提要》而刊印了另外一种版本,这是聚珍本不同于四库本的原因所在。     

Fruits and leaves with cuticle of Laurelia otagoensis sp. nov. (Atherospermataceae) from the early Miocene of Otago (New Zealand)

Conran, J.G., Bannister, J.M. & Lee, D.E., 2013. Fruits and leaves with cuticle of Laurelia otagoensis sp. nov. (Atherospermataceae) from the early Miocene of Otago (New Zealand). Alcheringa 37, 496–509. ISSN 0311-5518.

Laurelia otagoensis sp. nov. Conran, Bannister & D.E. Lee (Laurales: Atherospermataceae) is described from the earliest Miocene Foulden Maar diatomite deposit, Otago, New Zealand. The new species is represented by mummified fossil leaves with well-preserved cuticle and associated clusters of achenes bearing persistent, long plumose styles. This basal angiosperm family is of significance because of its classic southern disjunctions and ecological importance in extant Gondwana-type rainforests, but has a very sparse fossil record. The present study describes one of very few convincing leaf fossils for Atherospermataceae and the only definitive fossil fruits. The presence of fossil Laurelia in Oligo–Miocene New Zealand combined with fossil leaf impressions from the late Eocene, Miocene dispersed cuticle and pollen from the Oligocene to Holocene shows that the family has had a long history in Cenozoic New Zealand. These new fossils also support palaeoclimatic data suggesting warmer conditions in the earliest Miocene of New Zealand.

John G. Conran [john.conran@adelaide.edu.au], Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology & Biodiversity and Sprigg Geobiology Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Benham Bldg DX 650 312, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia; Jennifer M. Bannister [jennifer.bannister@xtra.co.nz], Department of Botany, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; Daphne E. Lee [daphne.lee@otago.ac.nz], Department of Geology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. Received 17.12.2012; revised 9.4.2013; accepted 15.4.2013.     

Fish and crayfish from the Washpool Midden site,New Zealand: Their use in determining season of occupation and prehistoric fishing methods

A method is suggested whereby modern ecological information on fish behaviour and distribution, together with commercial catch figures, may be used to assess season of occupation of archaeological sites. Monthly catch probabilities for each species are scaled by minimum numbers from prehistoric osteological assemblages to yield an overall likelihood of the fish being caught at different months of the year. A test case on two assemblages from Palliser Bay, New Zealand, suggested year-round habitation, and this was consistent with individual qualitative seasonal markers. The fishbone evidence can also be used to comment on aspects of prehistoric technology connected with marine foods, such as the use of canoes, baited traps, long line hauling, rock fishing and seine netting. In addition, the fish information substantiated subtle environmental changes which are believed to have taken place in this region.     

唐贞顺皇后敬陵被盗壁画初释

2011年3月,西安警方追索回归的唐贞顺皇后敬陵被盗壁画,移交陕西历史博物馆。历经劫难的壁画色彩鲜艳,保存基本完整。壁画中的仕女,皆手持如意,或手捧盒子、包袱等器物,有的还女扮男装,她们都是在宫廷内服侍帝后的贴身近侍。     

Thelodont fish and conodonts from the Early Devonian of Reefton,New Zealand

Thelodont scales and associated fragments of conodont elements identified as Turinia sp. cf. Turinia australiensis and Ozarkodina sp. cf. Ozarkodina buchanensis respectively are described for the first time from the Early Devonian Murray Creek Formation of Reefton, New Zealand. The conodont and thelodont components of the fauna suggest a late Pragian to early Emsian age for the assemblage.     

从《近代史研究》看近十年来的中国近代史研究——基于CSSCI(1998-2007)数据的分析

本文根据南京大学社会科学评价研究中心提供的"中文社会科学引文索引数据库(CSSSCI)"中1998-2007年的有关数据,对<近代史研究>的发文概况、主要作者、高被引文章和作者、研究主题的变化等方面进行统计分析,并进一步剖析<近代史研究>的学术影响力及其发展变化,可为读者了解<近代史研究>的办刊特色和中国近代史研究的状况提供一定的参考.从相关统计数据分析看,<近代史研究>在史学界享有较高的学术声望,其在发表近代史研究的优秀学术成果、推动史学理论和方法的创新、拓展和深化研究领域、培养学术新人等方面作出了较大的贡献.     

17-19世纪中叶中日书籍交流史的经济学分析:以地方志为例

17-19世纪中叶是中日书籍交流最为频繁的时期之一,书籍交流的方式较以往已发生了很大变化.汉籍除了传统的文化交流物品属性外,又增加了贸易商品的特性.本文以地方志为例,从经济学的角度,分析了17-19世纪中叶中国输日方志的数量、渠道、价格与利润,探索了中日方志贸易的特性以及日本重视方志收集的原因,进而从一侧面加深了人们对地方志在中日书籍交流史上意义的认识.