论权力寻租及其法律制约

权力寻租是当前社会产生腐败的主要原因之一。权力寻租有其产生的必然性,它严重危害国家和杜会,已成为当今世界政治中的一大顽症。制约权力寻租最有效的方法是法律制约,但是法律制约权力寻租还必须有合适的环境为支撑。     

关于人大对个案实施法律监督的理论思考

人大进行个案监督,其职能来自于权力制约的一般原理和监督权力的自身性质。组织特定问题调查委员会对个案进行监督,是人民群众监督手段的一种扩展,也是监督方式的具体化。个案监督就是指由人民代表大会及其常委会对“一府两院”及其工作人员行政执法和司法活动中出现的特别重大典型违法案件和法律实施的突出事件依法进行调查,并提出质询、评议和决议案的行为。因此,个案监督是人大监督题中的应有之义。通过个案监督手段,督促法律法规的贯彻实施,解决有法不依、执法不严、违法不究的问题。     

浅议完善权力制约机制

完善与市场经济相适应的权力制约机制,是社会主义民主政治的必然要求。西方权力制约的思想在人类政治发展中积累起来的经验和教训值得我们借鉴,防止权力的膨胀和滥用。     

名宦、宗族与地方权威的塑造--以山西寿阳祁氏为中心

本文以明清时期山西寿阳县的祁氏宗族为个案,考察了一个地方大族在基层社会如何运用各种社会资源,逐渐建立其权威的过程.当这种权威逐渐消失后,民众却依然保留着对祁氏权威的历史记忆,继续塑造这一地方权威和利用这一地方资源.通过对这一个案的分析,不仅可以丰富我们对明清时期华北宗族在传统中国基层社会中的生存状态的了解,还能加深我们对明清华北地区的宗族势力与名人资源、地方权威状态与乡村权力结构等问题的认识.     

挑战中世纪教会权威的生理学家哈维

中世纪西欧受着天主教教会和神学的严厉控制。为了维护教会的绝对权威,教会对许多根本与信仰无关的事情做出了结论,尽管这些结论很多是荒诞不经的,但却是神圣不可更改的。许许多多纯粹是学术的、科学的问题,一旦被教会染指,就变成了信仰问题、政治问题和刑事问题,同宗教迫害和政治迫害连在了一起。     

从党代会的权威看党内民主

党内民主是党的代表大会价值目标的本质规定。发展党内民主的关键是确立和维护党的代表大会的权威。而实行党的代表大会常任制,则是维护党的代表大会权威并使其发挥党内最高领导机关职能作用的基础。     

全球化时代中国共产党发展政治权威的路径选择

中国共产党的政治权威在全球化时代面临着各方面的挑战:主流意识形态的相对淡化,新兴阶层的出现和利益团体的分化,社会转型期矛盾冲突的加剧,社会发展后人们期望值的提高。为此中国共产党必须在意识形态、政策绩效和体制上进行创新,不断提高和发展自己的政治权威。     

历史上韩日关系的发展、制约因素及近期走向

韩日关系是东北亚最重要的一组双边关系。本文通过对金大中、卢武铉、李明博执政时期韩日关系发展的研究,分析影响两国关系走势的制约因素,进而对两国关系的近期走向进行分析。可见,在今后一段较长时期,韩日关系仍将保持合作与摩擦这样一种较为复杂的基本关系格局。韩日关系不会是一帆风顺,而是将在合作与摩擦中艰难曲折地向前发展,韩日关系离成熟的伙伴关系的实现,路还相当遥远。     

追讨海外遗珍 呼唤权威清单

流失海外文物,与跌宕的中国近代史联系在一起,也与中华民族的民族感情联系在一起。见证中国古老文明的文物在海外漂流是很多中国人心头难解的一个结。     

Authority,property and aboriginal Australia

An accumulation of anthropological work on traditional ownership in the Northern Territory provides the opportunity for an approach to explanation of Aboriginal political concepts within political inquiry in Australia. The complex of Aboriginal ideas about property and authority can be examined using tools of analysis available outside liberal theory.     

The Myth of Authority and the Authority of Myth

The view of local governors in the Russian Empire as all-powerful is overly simplistic and cannot in itself explain the Russian Revolution of 1917.     

Abandonment,Authority, and Religious Continuity in Post-Classical Greece

Scholars have frequently invoked the abandonment of Early Christian basilicas in the sixth and seventh centuries as key evidence for the end of antiquity in Greece. The standard narrative treats the archaeological evidence for abandonment as the physical manifestation of decline recorded in textual sources. The neat equivalency between archaeology and text ignores the role that abandonment plays in the narrative strategies of the textual sources. By reexamining the tie between text and archaeology, we can read the life cycle of the Early Christian basilica in Greece more critically and consequently expand our understanding of this dynamic period in Greek history.     

Authors, Editors and Authority in the Postmodern Academy

Textbooks are presented, by their authors and publishers, as authoritative statements regarding the nature of a scientific discipline or sub-discipline: in Kuhn's words, they are the "vehicles for the perpetuation of normal science." One of the main contributions of postmodern and poststructuralist thought, however, has been to challenge the nature of power and authority in the academy, a challenge that has been widely taken up in contemporary geographical research. There has been much less impact on textbook production and other teaching resources, however, where the "authority of the disembodied scholar" still holds sway. This is illustrated with respect to readers, collections of both original and reprinted pieces (the latter often in abridged form) where editorial authority ("this is what I think you should read") is frequently as firm as its predecessor, authorial authority. The reasons for this are sought in contemporary developments in higher education.     

Authority,Gender and Knowledge: Theoretical Reflections on the Practice of Participatory Rural Appraisal

Participatory rural appraisal (PRA) methods are increasingly taken up by public sector organizations as well as NGOs among whom they have been pioneered. While PRA methods are successfully employed in a variety of project planning situations, and with increasing sophistication, in some contexts the practice of PRA faces constraints. This article examines the constraints as experienced in the early stages of one project, and suggests some more general issues to which these point. In particular, it is suggested that, as participatory exercises, PRAs involve ‘public’ social events which construct ‘local knowledge’ in ways that are strongly influenced by existing social relationships. It suggests that information for planning is shaped by relations of power and gender, and by the investigators themselves; and that certain kinds of knowledge are often excluded. Finally, the paper suggests that as a method for articulating existing local knowledge, PRA needs to be complemented by other methods of ‘participation’ which generate the changed awareness and new ways of knowing, which are necessary to locally-controlled innovation and change.     

现代化进程中的民主与威权--对巴西1964年军事政变经济根源的个案研究

根据传统的西方现代化理论,欠发达社会的现代化进程中,经济发展与政治民主是同步发展、相互促进的。但20世纪60年代以来非西方国家的政治发展现实对这一观点提出了挑战。在巴西,经济现代化带来了威权主义,而非民主政治。其原因在于巴西的现代化模式进口替代工业化的发展过程中,必然出现通货膨胀和国际收支危机,经济的进一步发展要求首先实行经济紧缩,而经济上的紧缩则要求政治上的权威。巴西1964年的政变虽只是一个个案,但它表明,不能用西方现代化“和谐的”、“直线的”道路来分析第三世界国家的现代化。