Commerce and Empire in the Borderlands： How do Merchants and Trade Fit into Qing Frontier History？

As our understanding of the Qing empire and its various borderlands has evolved, so too have we come to appreciate China＇s early modem commercial sophistication. In recent North American studies of the Qing, the links between commerce and conquest have come under investigation, and we are increasingly urged to pay attention to merchants and merchant capital. But how should we understand the relationship between merchants and the Qing empire in the borderlands？ This article surveys selected work on the borderlands and commercialization, primarily in the Northwest and Southwest. The goal is to initiate a more comprehensive discussion of how to understand the intersection of commerce and empire while also making some suggestions for ways that borderlands history might shape future work on China.     

NewBooks：A Handbook of Tourism in Tibet

Have you ever been in Tibet？ Do you want to enjoy your holiday？ Why not go to Tibet, where you can see the blue Sky with flaky clouds, green hills with blossoming flowers, snowcapped mountain peaks, great rivers and beautiful lakes, dense virgin forests, Tibetan antelopes and wild yaks running in the vast grassland, picturesque villages and age-old Tibetan monasteries. All of these are just part of the beauty that can be found in Tibet. Tibet is really a lively and lovely place where one can calm down one＇s vexation and impulsiveness being transported in a whirl of clouds to a world truly apart. So don＇t hesitate about going to Tibet for a visit. There are several ways of getting to Tibet： either by air or by going overland. Many highways connect Tibet and other parts of China.     

THE JUDGEMENT OF PARIS IN HOMER —— RE-EXAMINING ILIAD 8, 548-552 AND 24, 27-30

Did Homer know the story of the ＇Judgement of Pads＇？ The answer to this question depends on our assessment of two or three verses towards the end of the Iliad. When Achilles is desecrating Hector＇s body, the gods, we are told, are f＇mally moved by pity for the slain hero, although none of them had rushed to his support before. They decide to put an end to the repulsive spectacle by ordering Hermes to steal Hector＇s body from Achilles＇ chariot. This plan is approved by all, but three gods - Hera, Poseidon, and Athene （Ω 25ff）：     

THE PULLULATING SEASON

正When spring returns to the earth, we can see birds everywhere busy building their nests. It seems we are hearing the familiar deep voice of Zhao Zhongxiang (narrator of the popular, long-lived television show Animal World):Spring has come, everything reawakens. It is the breeding season for many     

Let's Meet in 2002

In 2001, China won the hid for sponsoring the 2008 Olympics in Beijing; and is highly likely to win WTO membership before the end of the year. We take pride in China, and are pride of being Chinese!Also in 2001, we were shocked to learn about the September 11 tragedy that hit the United States. As we watched on TV how the WTO towers collapsed, we were instantlyfilled with hatred for terrorists. On behalf of my colleagues, I hereby condemn the crimes the terrorists perpetrated against th…     

Different Symbolic Meaning of Color in Chinese and Western Cultures

Colors are embodied with different meanings and symbols in different countries. Not only should we understand their basic and literal meanings, but also we should focus on their deep contents in symbolic meanings, because their symbolic meanings vary from culture to culture. The differences in the symbol of colors are due to different cultures and history backgrounds as well as aesthetic psychology. This paper, mainly based on the Chinese and western culture, approaches the symbols of colors represented in the two different cultures through analyzing the different understanding of colors, which can help us understand culture difference in colors better during intercultural communication.     

Driving Along the Roads （Ⅳ）

On August 24, 2004, a fine day, my friends and I were on our way towards Xigaze after visits to Lhasa and Nyingchi. We didn‘t follow the way most people take. Instead, we took the Qinghai-Tibet Highway. When we got to Yangbajain, we turned onto a gravel road. ““We are building a new section of the Yangbajain-Majiang Highway,““ explained Director Zhan who accompanied us.     

The Interpersonal Meaning Analysis of Clinton’s Farewell Speech

From the point of view of the interpersonal function in the theories of Halliday’s systemic functional grammar,this paper uses Clinton’s farewell speech as an example to explain how interpersonal meanings are generally realized in a political speech.Through a brief analysis of linguistic elements on different levels,the lexical,the sentential,we can find that modal auxiliaries and mood are the elements usually used in political speeches to achieve different interpersonal meanings.     

Kegyia Village of Ngari Today

After leaving the Burangcounty seat, we headed forKegyia Village, the lastcommunity that we investi-gated in Ngari. It is a Tibetanrural area with relatively concentrated pop-ulation and has a traditional cultural envi-ronment with a monastery as its center.Transport links are good so it is possiblereach the border with Nepal directly.Kegyia lies 11 km southeast of BurangCounty in the Ngari district with a popula-tion of 650 and is the site of the townshipgovernment is at Kegyia Village.K…     

The Positive Impact of Cultural Globalization on China

Along with the development of the information technology, people with different cultures are living together.Hence, there are both positive and negative influences. The former one can help to promote the development of a nation, but the later one can let people feel confused about their culture or even forget it. In the following parts, I focus on the positive influences.According to my humble analysis, we need to seek harmony without uniformity.