四川汉墓画像中的死亡与生命

我国汉画像“死亡与生命”的主题所表现的是生命的永恒延续,一是以展示旺盛生殖能力的生殖图式和性能力的图式来复制生命;二是以“用药”的图式来更新生命。而“西王母仙界”图、“不死药灵芝”图最有特色、最为重要。汉代人们认为生命的延续有两种方式：一是生前通过服食仙药升天成仙;一是死后通过生殖巫术再生。而后多为人们接受,成为汉画像中表现生命延续的主体内容。     

'The purity of the blood': Poncet de la Grave,pronatalism and empire

This article will analyze key publications of Guillaume Poncet de la Grave (1725-1803), formerly the monarchy’s representative to the Admiralty Court, who worked during the Ancien Régime to restrict immigration to France, particularly that of people of color. He was also a passionate advocate for French imperial expansion. After the Revolution, in his political tract Réflections on the Unmarried, he expressed his anxiety over a declining French birthrate and a desire to have the state monitor marriage, sexuality, and reproduction in order to increase legitimate births. In this work he identified threats to what he referred to as ‘the purity of the blood’ within and without France, and proposed to the Republic legislation designed to eliminate them. Poncet de la Grave’s career has been largely neglected but his former position merits a closer look at his political writing, which expressed significant, constant objectives that demonstrate thematic continuity over a tumultuous time. French fears of depopulation and national ‘degeneration’ were still strong at the turn of the century, and remain of great interest to historians eager to understand how they were discussed in the context of great historical change.     

Correction to: Tombs of the Pasha and the Grave Politics of Late Ottoman Lebanon

International Journal of Historical Archaeology - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10761-020-00583-3     

自治与共存:清代川东北南江山区的墓祠——以马氏墓祠为中心的研究

清代川东北南江山区的墓祠群,既具有宗祠文化实体功能和表征意义兼具的一般特质,又在巴山老林的自然生态、移民文化、宗教传播等因素的影响下,呈现出鲜明的地域色彩。其中,马氏墓祠相对保存完整,无论是其空间布局、建筑装饰,抑或族内禁令、族规、四止界畔等石刻铭文,都为探析南江山区的墓祠文化提供了一个颇具代表性的读本。此外,在空间布局上,墓祠、风水塔等链接着多姓杂居、各有分区、合作共存的乡村秩序网络,我们可借由对马氏墓祠的解析,探寻在一个经济落后、自然环境和文化都相对封闭、宗族财力和权势悬殊较小的山区,不同的宗族之间如何实现自治与共存的。     

类型价值(TYPE VALUE)与墓葬价值(GRAVE VALUE)——介绍墓葬研究中的一种量化方法

墓葬是考古学研究中十分重要的一个内容,运用合适的统计学方法来量化墓葬的内容,继而进行相对客观的比较,一直是研究者理想的分析模式。本文主要介绍了丹麦学者Jorgensen的定量研究方法(墓葬价值与类型价值)和成果;并同时比较一项发展Jorgensen方法所做的中国考古学研究个案;希望这些能对我们今后的墓葬研究工作有所裨益。