The Net Effects of Large Plant Locations and Expansions on County Employment*

This paper argues that the net economic impact of new firm locations or expansions is determined by a multitude of opposing forces. Using a unique database, I set out to evaluate the net effects of these opposing forces by looking at the net change in local employment and population arising from large (greater than 300 new jobs) firm locations or expansions in the State of Georgia. The analysis suggests that the employment multipliers associated with new firm locations are much less than one; that is, the net employment effect of a large firm opening is smaller than the gross employment impact. This result is consistent with other empirical economic impact studies, which find multipliers much smaller than those of typical input–output models, often less than unity, and a previous study showing little net effect of large plant openings. Expansions of existing establishments are shown to have substantial multiplicative effects, however, with an average employment multiplier of 2.0. I discuss possible reasons for differential impacts across new and expanding firms, focusing on the nature of the firms. Differences in net impact across industries and high‐tech versus low‐tech firms also is evaluated. I find that the impact of large firm locations or expansions on population in the resident county generally is negative, but positive for the broader region encompassing the county of location and its contiguous neighbors.     

Semantic Structure and Perceived Environment

Most data-gathering tasks for eliciting information about the structure of spatial images tend to impose predetermined arbitrary dimensions or categories on the subjects' responses. This paper, in contrast, makes use of an unstructured task (word association) from which measures of semantic similarity between metropolitan areas in California are generated. The interpretation of the areal groupings derived from the analysis of these data by a clustering method reveals the importance of location and size of urban areas in cognitive organization. When the dimensions underlying perceived similarities between places are extracted by a factor analytic model, climatic and environmental dimensions are found to account for more variance in the word-association data than do social dimensions.     

广告语义翻译与语用翻译试探

广告的目的是宣传产品争取消费者,促成其购买行为。这决定了其翻译的特殊性,决定了语义翻译和交际翻译的适用性。译者在翻译过程中以纽马克的翻译理论为基础,灵活采用语义翻译与语用翻译相结合的方法,同时考虑到文化差异及译语消费者的审美标准和价值取向,巧妙处理内容与功能的传达,充分发挥广告宣传产品吸引顾客的功能。     

语言相对论与语义研究视角摭议

19世纪以来西方语言学关于语言与思维的关系有普遍主义和相对主义两种解释。本文评述洪堡特的观点、萨丕尔——沃尔夫假说、列文森的综合观,探讨语义研究的视角问题,提出研究视角取决于研究目的的观点。不同研究视角之间是互补关系;语义普遍性和民族性是语义性质的两个方面;旨在为语言教学、翻译、词典编撰等提供可资借鉴的成果则自然会选择民族性为语义研究的对象,从种族视角研究语义会选择对比或比较的研究范式。     

熟悉而陌生的人格语义场——浅谈《北京人》中的愫方

愫方是剧作家曹禺在《北京人》中塑造的一位女性。对于作者和观众而言,她是一个”熟悉的陌生旭。她出生于江南名门世家,具备了名媛淑女所共有的气质,知书达理、工于书画、温婉恭顺。她的性格是一个封闭自足的体系,其随着剧情的演进逐渐在类型中实现了个性化。她的人格体系呈现为一个“语义场”的形态。这个“场”的意义内核--愫方内倾型的静穆美,在她从自我异化到自我超越的过程中发散开来,在整部戏剧中,此种发散在人物性格的对比与矛盾冲突之中展开。     

日语中汉语借词语义演变的一个原因——民俗文化要素的涵化

众所周知,日语不仅借用了汉字,还吸收了汉语的大量的词。而“语言是一种社会现象,和人类社会有密切的联系。所谓‘社会’,就是指生活在一个共同的地域中、说同一种语言、有共同的风俗习惯和文化传统的人类共同体,即一般所说的部落、部族和民族。”(叶蜚声,1997：10)汉语的词被移植到日语中,就意味着它们     

The Concept of Taboo in Raga,Vanuatu: Semantic Mapping and Etymology

This article discusses the two terms that convey the concept of taboo in Raga, the language of north‐central Vanuatu originally spoken in north Pentecost, and provides linguistic evidence expanding on the information published previously by the anthropologists Masanori Yoshioka and John Patrick Taylor. Based on the corpus collected in north Pentecost in the period 2015–2017, and on older ethnographic and religious written material, a semantic map is proposed for the two taboo‐related Raga terms: sabuga and gogona. Reviewing the terms that designate the concept of ‘taboo’ in the neighbouring languages, the study also explores the possibility of borrowing and semantic interference from other languages, and proposes that sabuga is a reflex of Proto Oceanic *tabu, albeit an irregular reflex, and gogona a reflex of Proto North and Central Vanuatu*kona ‘sacred, taboo’.     

瓷釉色彩语词的跨文化语义焦点——以青釉为例

在跨文化语境下,色彩词是怎样命名的?相近意义的色彩词有没有语义流变或焦点?同音异字的汉语色彩词组与色彩词的语义比较是怎样的?本文将探讨色彩词的建构与文化影响,使人们在不同文化语境下了解和探讨瓷釉色彩的深层含义,以便合理应用。     

语义演变视角下敦煌文献词语“枝罗”再析

敦煌文献中的"枝罗"表示亲属或有亲戚关系的人,本字为"枝萝"。该词构词特别,在各语素本义的基础上通过隐喻引申产生新义。与其相关语词还有"亲萝""亲枝""亲房"等。对"枝罗"的语义内涵进行考辨,能为准确理解敦煌文献提供参考;对该类语词进行勾稽可体现汉语词汇的丰富性。     

郑州出土商代牛肋骨刻辞释文漏字原因探究

郑州出土商代牛肋骨刻辞以前多认为是10个字,最新的研究发现其上有11个字,漏掉的字应释为“乇”字,而“乇”与“亳”古音通。经过认真地核对和调查,这一新的研究发现是符合实际的。该发现为“郑亳说”提供了又一个重要的证据。     

居廉水墨杂花册鉴考

"居古泉先生是承前启后一位大师,岭南三家初得新技法,合居氏画风影响创出新国画。此册是居氏神来之笔。虽未署款,审定为晚年精品无疑。吾曾见居氏花鸟册不下十余件,但未有及此者,近兄以重金购藏,可宝也。壬申五月、善深。"这是岭南画派第二代传人杨善深先生在居廉《水墨杂花册》中的     

清初文人画家宋骏业生年之发现

清初文人画家宋骏业向来不为绘画研究者所重视,只因其曾于康熙三十年（1691年）奉命而举荐王翚（1632-1717年）主绘《康熙南巡图》、康熙四十四年（1705年）与孙岳颁（1639-1708年）主编《佩文斋书画谱》、康熙五十二年（1713年）与王原祁（1642-1915年）先后主持《万寿盛典图》而进入绘画史的视野,故其生平资料现存甚少。《清史稿》将宋骏业小传附于乃父《宋德宜传》之后,曰：子骏业,自副贡授翰林院待诏,直御书处,历兵科给事中。康熙四十一年,     

夏文明崛起的生境优化与中国城市文明的肇始

夏民族从颖河流域和汾河下游发展到伊洛平原的历史进程中,伴随着生境的不断优化而步入了文明时代,建立了作为政治、经济、文化中心的二里头王都,从而开启了中国城市文明的先河。二里头城市文明的聚集效应和辐射效应,有力地促进了夏文明的跃进。     

新乡市博物馆《馆藏青铜器精品展》的陈列设计

新乡市博物馆搬迁至原平原省委旧址后,利用旧址主楼推出馆藏文物精品展览.其中<馆藏青铜器精品展>在展室面积、展线长度及展室结构等条件有限的情况下,精选青铜器103件,内容分青铜礼器、青铜兵器、铜镜三大部分,展示了青铜器在国之礼仪、国之战争及日常生活中的地位与作用,反映出新乡市博物馆的文物特色,较好地体现了内容与形式的和谐统一.     

民国时期的商会票概论

民国时期纸币发行混乱,呈多元化货币发行的格局,但在各种主体发行的货币竞存中,乡村底层市场上流通的纸币,即县乡纸币,是最独特的一种。笔者有幸参与由戴建兵先生主编的《中国钱币大辞典·县乡纸币卷》的编写,有机会对石长有先生等人收藏整理的民国时期县乡纸币有较全面而又直观的了解,其中经商会注册或由商会直接发行的纸币尤为引人注意。     

《孔子诗论》二则试析

《上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书·孔子诗论》第九简反映孔子对德的崇尚。第二十六简则见出孔子 反对隐逸。