从洛迦诺公约看20世纪20年代美国的欧洲安全政策

一战后的欧洲安全问题是影响两战之间欧洲政治、经济稳定的重大问题之一。20世纪20年代初期,美国在欧洲安全问题上实行不介入、不承担政治责任的孤立主义政策。美国的这一政策成为促使欧洲安全问题复杂化的主要因素之一,因此而引起的欧洲动荡局势危及美国的经济利益。因此,20世纪20年代中期,美国在坚持原有政策基本原则的基础上进行了一些政策调整,以维护其在欧洲的经济利益。主要表现为：在欧洲安全问题上实行官方不参与,不承担政治责任,但以经济的、非官方的形式参与。1925年美国在洛迦诺公约形成过程中的行为充分体现了20世纪20年代美国的欧洲安全政策。     

Zionist Women of the 1920s: The Voice of Nation Building

Candidates for admission to the Agricultural College for Young Women at Nahalal expressed the sensibilities of a generation of young Jewish women who were attracted to the Zionist movement in the late 1920s. Zionism offered them the chance to create a novel identity for women as equals of men by devoting their labor to the settlement project. Hopeful applicants embraced an energetic ideal of self-sufficiency that blurred the traditional gender boundaries both of Palestine and of Europe. Like their male colleagues, they spoke in the public and universal voice of ideology and tied their desire for equality to the nation's bandwagon.     

20世纪20至70年代初加拿大社会主义女性主义运动概述

社会主义女性主义(ＳｏｃｉａｌｉｓｔＦｅｍｉｎｉｓｍ)这一名词出现于本世纪70年代,但作为一种思潮和社会运动,它已有百年的历史。社会主义女性主义是加拿大妇女运动和社会改革运动的重要组成部分,对加拿大社会的历史和现状有着广泛和深入的影响。回顾和考察其半个世纪曲折发展的历程,有助于我们了解加拿大社会主义运动中的女性主义、妇女运动中的社会主义,以及社会主义和妇女运动的关系。直到本世纪80年代末,即使在加拿大对加拿大社会主义女性主义也很少研究。对加拿大左翼势力(通常指在社会主义、工联主义、社会民主思潮影响下的政党和…     

生活方式:历史研究的深处——评李长莉著《中国人的生活方式:从传统到近代》

马克思指出:"现代历史著述方面的一切真正进步,都是当历史学家从政治形式的外表深人到社会生活的深处时才取得的."①马克思的这句话,让我们想到几个问题.其一,在马克思讲这番话之前,历史研究基本是在政治史范式下进行的,历史为政治服务,是政治的附庸和工具,历史体现着一种资政的功能.     

Mediating the Good Life: Prostitution and the Japanese Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1880s–1920s

This article examines how the Japanese Woman's Christian Temperance Union, in the name of promoting liberty and rights of women in their relations with men, constructed hierarchies to ascribe value to themselves through moral condemnation. The JWCTU used extramarital sex as a political issue to strengthen the position of the legal wife in the household as opposed to the concubine and prostitute. Their efforts to prohibit Japanese women from going abroad as prostitutes, while understood as an attempt to end a system of slavery that violated the inherent rights of Japanese womanhood, was actually a desire to regulate the behaviour of the poor. The JWCTU based its moral reform agenda on the importance of premarital chastity, strict monogamy and the obligation to work for the good of the nation. Its construction of prostitution as evil represents an important strand in the history of the relationship between prostitution and family as a socio‐political issue in modern Japan.     

Filming Fairies: Popular Film,Audience Response and Meaning in Contemporary Fairy Lore

This study examines the idea of fairy lore (faery) as a modern concept with personal and humanistic overtones transmitted through mass media phenomena such as films. Analysis of the relationship between folk and popular culture has become increasingly sophisticated and has widened our appreciation of the ways in which mass-culture audiences use tradition to shape popular culture. Fantasy films draw on recognised traditional elements, but the significance of these elements has been mediated through nineteenth-century interpretations of fairy lore. Contemporary audiences are more likely to be exposed to such legends and beliefs in the context of mass media than by any other means, and visualisation of fairies in fantasy films is closely linked to these modern interpretations of traditional material. For cinema audiences, the idea of faery is no longer a traditional and immediate response to experience, it already carries overtones of nostalgia for the past, childhood innocence, utopian societies or sexual discovery. However, personal response and exegesis of this material, reinforced by repeated viewing, access to Internet sites and related activities such as role-play and merchandising, means that the interactions of these virtual communities can transmute and insert themselves into daily life through a shared appreciation of fantasy worlds. The ways in which these consumers of mass culture resemble or differ from a folk audience presents an interesting arena for understanding folklore as a living contemporary phenomenon.     

20世纪20年代平教运动与现代国民教育——以平民千字课本为中心

从本质上讲,中国现代平民教育运动是一场国民教育运动。20世纪20年代公民教育运动兴起后,晏阳初等人虽然也曾致力于此,但无论从其思想认识还是从社会实践上看,均不出国民教育的范围。平民教育运动在塑造现代国民方面的主要贡献,是向底层社会播散现代国家观念和国民意识,这从当时编写的平民千字课本中可以看出来。平教运动期间通过平民千字课向底层社会播散现代国家观念与国民意识的做法,对我们今天完成民族复兴大业,仍有着重要的借鉴意义。