上海国内旅游客源市场评估指标体系及综合分析模型

本文是对建立评价上海国内旅游客源市场统计指标体系的尝试,涉及评估资料来源确定、指标体系综合分析和评估标准探索。     

贵州省雷山县西江千户苗寨旅游客源市场调查分析

贵州省雷山县西江千户苗寨为贵州知名景点,旅游资源富集且品味高,但客源市场较小,如何稳定现有客源并积极开拓新的客源市场市场已成为一个重要课题。本文以调查数据为依据,分析旅游客源市场特征,给出客源市场定位开发的建议。旅游地客源市场结构在一定程度上反映了目的地旅游业发展现状,为旅游地进行正确的市场定位、有效的市场营销以及有针对性地开发旅游产品提供了重要依据。客源是旅游业赖以     

旅游客源市场结构分析——以南京市为例

文章首先综述了旅游客源市场结构的有关理论,指出了研究旅游客源市场结构的重要意义,接着,作者以南京市为例,在大量数据资料的基础上,对南京市客源市场空间结构、时间结构及旅游类型结构进行了分析,并就如何开拓南京市旅游客源市场进行了探讨。     

海岛旅游开发的特殊性及对策

随着社会文化的发展进步,在旅游产品中诞生了一个倍受大众青睐的名词---海岛旅游,再次是海岛旅游开发活动的降临。在对海岛地区自然资源和人文资源开发的过程中,它们得天独厚的优势显示了出来,而且还有着广阔的发展前景。本文对海岛旅游开发的特殊性进行了探讨,并提出了海岛旅游开发的对策,以供参考。     

旅游客源市场的空间结构及区域分异研究——以太原市为例

对于高度依赖空间位移和异地消费的旅游行业而言,研究旅游流空间视角下的空间结构和区域分异有助于更为准确地了解客源市场的结构特征和分布规律。本文以山西省太原市为例,基于移动手机信令数据,利用统计分析、聚集性差异及ArcGIS空间数据分析等研究方法,开展太原旅游客源市场的空间结构及区域分异研究。结果表明：第一,以本地市场为主的中部城市,表现出核心—边缘的区域分异模式;第二,来并客流在时空分布上总体呈现出“L”形曲线,在500～3 000 km空间范围内的客流分布上呈现“W”形曲线;第三,太原旅游发展的主体市场聚焦于北方地区,南方城市大多处于太原市客源市场的“双边缘地带”,西部地区有望成为太原旅游的潜在客源市场。     

论黄山国内旅游客源市场区域结构

本文在论述当前国内外旅游动向和黄山国内旅游客源市场区域结构现状的基础上,提出了黄山国内旅游客源市场区域结构的合理方案。     

西安国外旅游客源市场现状分析与拓展

稳定并扩大客源市场是西安旅游业发展的前提。根据国家旅游统计局与抽样调查资料,利用数理统计分析方法,对90年代西安国外客源市场的数量变化和主要客源市场现状进行分析,说明西安旅游业面临的机遇和挑战,得出以改善环境、丰富产品、树立品牌、扩大销售渠道等手段进一步开拓市场的策略。     

上海崇明岛农业旅游客源市场特征及未来入岛游客量预测研究

本文以崇明岛农业旅游主要服务市场——上海都市客源市场为研究对象,通过广泛的社会问卷调查,对目前该市场的入岛游客构成和游客对岛内旅游环境的评价,游客旅游动机、旅游行为和旅游偏好,游客对岛内旅游信息的掌握和对岛内旅游障碍因素的认识等进行了统计分析。在此基础上,根据各主要旅游障碍因素的影响权重,对未来的入岛游客量进行了“障碍因素消除后”的预测。     

旅游区域联合开发研究——以粤西海岛旅游开发为例

文章从分析粤西海岛旅游开发的现状入手,提出运用区域联合开发是粤西海岛旅游可持续发展的关键。采用对比分析的方法,客观地评价了粤西海岛旅游开发现状和优劣势,认为要解决粤西各海岛现存的对海岛资源破坏性的过渡开发和各海岛之间的替代性竞争,必须建立粤西海岛旅游联合区,采用粤西海岛旅游区域联合开发的模式。并依据联合开发模式,发挥各海岛的优势,从客源细分和产品设计对粤西海岛旅游联合区进行整体定位。     

基于日本游客市场的海南国际旅游形象提升策略

文章以日本作为重要的入境游客客源地,以海南作为中国的旅游目的地,通过分析日本客源市场,发现日本作为人口密度大的发达国家,具有较强的旅游需求潜力,而海南在吸引日本游客方面还有诸多不足,建议加大旅游基础设施建设力度,加强宣传推广,优化免签、免税政策等。这些举措有助于提高海南对日本游客的吸引力,促进海南国际旅游业的持续健康发展。     

The Contested Landscapes of World Heritage on a Tourist Island: the case of Garajonay National Park,La Gomera

This paper considers the World Heritage Site of Garajonay National Park on the island of La Gomera (Canary Islands). It is based on a research project carried out during 1999-2000 that explored the circumstances surrounding its declaration as a National Park and inclusion into the World Heritage List, in conjunction with the consequences for local communities which ensued. The proximity of Garajonay National Park to a large concentration of mass coastal tourism constitutes a further source of potential conflict which may have a wider relevance to other sites of a similar and indeed diverse nature. This paper, therefore, examines the configurations of space and social relations occasioned by the processes of social change, conservation and tourism development in and adjacent to this protected forest. In doing so it elucidates the manner in which these processes are locally mediated in and through contested values over the meaning and purpose of nature conservation in this 'world heritage space'. It argues that a sense of the forest as a place of cultural belonging has been marginalised in favour of its intrinsic ecological value.     

解说志工制度与志工特性之探讨--以台湾阳明山旅游区为例

本研究的目的是探讨台湾旅游区游客解说服务的经验与制度。研究首先指出解说服务对于旅游区管理的各种功能,介绍正职解说员与解说志工的角色及特性,并整理目前旅游解说志工制度的特色。其次,讨论志愿服务的3个理论,以及志工绩效评估的意义、流程及重要性。再透过实证的量化问卷调查,分析阳明山旅游区解说志工的个人背景、参与特性、环境素养、组织满意度以及带队解说表现情形。研究最后归纳解说志工制度的经验与推展流程,为相关保护区或风景区管理单位提供参考。     

The Dancers Who Became Transformed into Wood: the mai masks of the Iatmul,Papua New Guinea

Borrowing, exchanging, and violent appropriation of ritual artefacts have been actions that have contributed to the development of cultural diversity within a particular frame of variations in the Middle Sepik region of Papua New Guinea. The mai masks of the Iatmul, already mentioned by Bateson, are the well‐documented result of a violent appropriation, as indigenous evidence shows. However, the ‘model’ which served for the mai were ritual dancers captured in the Alexander Mountains. These dancers displayed heavily painted faces (but no masks) and rich body decoration. In the process of making the powerful ‘model’ into one of their own, the Iatmul artists transformed the painted faces into carvings according to their preferred material of artistic expressions, wood, and their predilection for the interplay of elevated and deepened surfaces. As this article shows, the creation of mai as (enlivened) persons needs the establishment of socio‐cosmological relationships in which ancestral spirits and ‘natural’ substances are crucially involved. Thus, apart from sculpting as making, actions of growing are essential for turning the masks into beings endowed with ancestral power.     

The Peopling of the New World: Present Evidence, New Theories, and Future Directions

The prevailing archaeological consensus on Paleoindian origins and colonization of the Americas has been shaken by recent wide acknowledgment of pre-Clovis occupation at Monte Verde, Chile, and by claims that ostensibly non-Mongoloid skeletal remains might represent a precursor population. Recent mitochondrial DNA studies have been interpreted by some as indicating an earlier and more complex peopling of the continent. This paper reviews the current archaeological and biological evidence, in America and northern Asia, for the origins of Native Americans, assesses models of the colonization process in the light of new data and a revised chronology, and suggests avenues for future research.     

Cross-cultural interaction on Wuvulu Island,Papua New Guinea: the perspective from use-wear and residue analyses of turtle bone artifacts

Recent studies have emphasized the importance of Indigenous producers and traders in the formation of ethnographic museum collections, but have found difficulty in finding concrete evidence for their active roles. A use-wear and residue study of turtle bone cleavers from Wuvulu Island, Papua New Guinea provides the opportunity to test whether objects that comprise a significant component of early collections were made specifically for sale, as hypothesized by contemporary observers in the late 19th century. Comparative studies of used and unused turtle bone artifacts from the Caroline Islands and Papua New Guinea identified differences between wear traces resulting from manufacture and use. Analyses of the Wuvulu turtle bone cleavers showed they had been heavily used prior to sale. Rather than produce artifacts to meet the high demand from German traders, the local people sold old, worn-out objects, many of which had been repaired. The study demonstrates that archaeological approaches to ethnographic museum collections can trace Indigenous agency within cross-cultural interaction. It also showcases the potential of use-wear and residue analytical techniques for the analysis of bone tools and the utility of digital, hand-held microscopes for the analysis of large artifacts.     

旅游目的地竞争力的内涵辨析及概念模型构建——语言、逻辑和认识论的视角

进入新千年以来,旅游目的地竞争力已成为旅游研究中广泛讨论的热点课题。但对于“旅游目的地竞争力”这一概念,人们的认识和界定实际上并未实现统一。本文在回顾已有各种定义的基础上,分别从语言、逻辑和认识论的视角对与之相关的诸多问题进行辨析,旨在探讨“旅游目的地竞争力”的内涵及其所反映的客观世界的运动与作用,并尝试运用系统论思想构建旅游目的地竞争力之形成的概念模型。     

Sumozhe Suppressed,Huntuo Halted: An Investigation into the Nature and Stakes of the Cold-Splashing Sogdian Festal Dramas Performed in Early Eighth Century Tang China

This article investigates two specific dramatic elements-the huntuo 渾脫 and the sumozhe蘇摩遮-at the core of the controversial "cold-splashing Sogdian plays" (pohan huxi潑寒胡戲).The huntuo could be a felt hat,an oilcloth,a pelt headdress,or a theatrical striptease.With deep multicultural roots,the sumozhe (samāja) combined masquerade,ambulatory drama,dance,and music into a boisterous spectacle.In addition to examining the high cultural stakes underlying the public performance and imperial support (or prohibition) of these plays in early eighth century Tang China,this essay proposes a link between these hibernal festal dramas and Turkish K(o)se plays.