ECONOMIC REGIONS,ADMINISTRATIVE REGIONS AND TERRITORIAL PRODUCTION COMPLEXES

Three types of integral economic regions are distinguished in the USSR: (1) economic regions at various levels, performing strictly economic functions; (2) administrative-economic (or simply administrative regions), which perform both economic functions and the functions of government administration; (3) territorial production complexes, which combine interlinked economic activities within a particular area from the economic-geographic point of view. Because of the differences in functions, there can be no complete identity between economic and administrative regions although their boundaries often coincide. Production complexes are not a substitute for economic regions because the complexes encompass only interlinked activities while economic regions encompass all economic activities. However, production complexes are elements that give rise to both economic and administrative regions. Economic planning in the USSR proceeds along three lines: (a) within the system of economic regions; (b) within the system of administrative regions; (c) within the system of sectoral or branch administrations, which are now being replaced by corporation-type industrial associations.     

中国经济地域结构类型的初步研究

本文尝试将区域经济地域结构要素分成生产加工型要素、关联传输型要素、调节控制型要素和服务保障型要素,提出上述要素的空间表达可用空间均衡度、空间关联度、空间集中度和空间开放度来分析,运用有关统计资料,对我国省级经济地域结构要素进行了定量分析,在此基础上探讨我国经济地域结构的类型特征,最后对九种经济地域结构类型进行了概括评价。     

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PROBLEMS AND THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL PRODUCTION COMPLEXES IN DEVELOPED REGIONS: THE KMA

Present and anticipated future environmental problems associated with past and projected development of the iron ore resources of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (KMA) (the most rapidly expanding production basin in the USSR) are outlined. The area's environmental problems recently have become a major concern, as a result of a heavy emphasis on accelerating production from surface mines in the basin, with few resources being allocated for land reclamation and pollution control activities (see Soviet Geography, November 1986, pp. 679-682 and May 1988, p. 537). Major attention is given to identifying development strategies mitigating further environmental disruption and experimentation with promising land reclamation and pollution control measures (translated by Andrew R. Bond).     

基于《Economic Geography》的经济地理学知识图谱分析

以《Economic Geography》载文数据与引文数据为数据源,借助Citespace 工具从作者与关键词两方面进行文献计量与知识图谱绘制,挖掘经济地理学研究的知识基础、学术群体与近期研究热点。研究表明：①纳入第一作者发文量、h 指数、g 指数等发文与引文双角度指标的作者学术影响力评价体系的结果更客观全面;②美英等国在经济地理研究中处于整体主导地位;③经济地理领域存在分别以Stopper M、Dicken P、Berry B J L、Casetti E为代表且秉承同一研究脉络的学术群体,且各时段研究议题侧重点不同;④经济地理研究关键词所涉面较宽,如全球化、创新、网络、集群、性别、劳动力、政治、政策等,尺度、组织、灵活性、政治、美国等关键词近年受关注度较多。     

SOVIET TERRITORIAL CLAIMS IN THE ARCTIC AND THEIR ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS

The increasing importance of the Soviet Arctic for navigation in connection with a northward shift of resource development and the strengthening of the Soviet icebreaker fleet with nuclear-powered icebreakers and modern conventional icebreakers has focused attention on the issue of freedom of navigation in the Soviet sector of the Arctic. The Soviet sector, defined in a 1926 decree as extending from the mainland to the North Pole, comprises the Northern Sea Route, which the Soviet Union regards as an internal shipping route, and seas of the Arctic Ocean that it views as historic waters. Because of differences in the interpretation of international law, there is ambiguity regarding the right of innocent passage through the Soviet Arctic by vessels of other nations. The growing significance of Arctic shipping operations raises the timeliness of the issue.     

人地关系研究范型:地域系统实证

地域系统的人地关系实证研究发展到现在已涉及众多方面,本文按五大论题展开论述:①环境评价与管理;②环境感知与适应;③自然灾害研究;④气候影响评价;⑤区域可持续发展。     

基于区域经济差异视角的重庆市经济区划研究

本文在传统区域经济差异指标泰尔指数的基础上提出经济区划度的概念,对重庆市自直辖以来出台的不同经济区划方案进行评价;并运用GIS热点分析方法,探讨经济区划调整的可能性。研究结果表明：①历次政府区划方案中,“五大功能区”经济区划度远高于其余三种方案,但近年来经济区划度呈现出逐年下降趋势,并不稳定;②基于GIS热点分析得到三种初始区划方案中,方案I（“四圈+两翼”）的经济区划效果表现最佳,并显著优于“五大功能区”经济区划,且其效果呈现出逐年上升的趋势。③综合考虑政府规划决策、地形地貌、历史发展基础以及交通条件等方面因素,微调后的方案I的区划效果良好且更符合实际区划要求。研究对重庆及西部内陆地区的可持续发展具有一定科学指导意义。     

试论环渤海经济区的崛起与山西经济的发展

环渤海经济区将成为我国跨世纪改革开放的热点,这无疑对深居内陆地区的山西经济腾飞起到推动与促进作用。本文分析了山西在环渤海经济区中的战略地位、经济发展的有利因素及存在的主要问题,并提出了加快山西经济上新台阶的综合发展对策。     

试论区域文化对区域经济发展的影响

本文探讨文化和经济的关系,重点论述了区域文化对区域经济发展的滞缓或促进作用,并以宁夏的区情进行了例证。     

区域发展理论与当代经济地理学的发展

本文系统地阐述了区域发展理论发展进程的三个阶段,分析了每个阶段最有代表性的关于区域发展的理论,及其对当代经济地理学的影响。指出,区域发展理论在经济地理学研究领域中的广泛应用,有力地推动着学科的发展进程。     

AN APPRAISAL OF THE SOVIET CONCEPT OF THE TERRITORIAL PRODUCTION COMPLEX

The paper, contributing to one of the research goals of the Commission on Industrial Systems, International Geographical Union, provides an appraisal of the Soviet approach to spatial organization of the economy known as the territorial production complex. The authors review the genesis of the concept, definitional criteria, and its practical formation and operation, making occasional comparison with Western approaches to spatial economic organization. An unresolved problem for Soviet planners is the provision of a coordinating administrative authority for each territorial complex that would integrate the activities of individual industrial ministries involved in the creation of the complex; the current thinking of Soviet planners is illuminated by a recent statement appended to the paper. (For a previous Western view of Soviet regional development models, see G. A. Huzinec in Soviet Geography, October 1976.)     

交通经济带的基本理论探讨

伴随工业化和运输化的进程,一种依托交通干线融合、集散人口、产业、城镇、物流、能流、信息流的线状空间地域综合体不断生成并带动区域经济系统迅速发展,这种独特的空间地域综合体被经济地理学家和运输经济学家称为交通经济带（ＴｒａｆｉｃＥ－ｃｏｎｏｍｉｃＢｅｌｔ,ＴＥＢ）。本文在简要回顾交通经济带研究历程的基础上,界定了交通经济带的基本概念、基本性质、基本类型以及时空演化机理。     

关于海洋经济地理学发展与展望

本文在介绍了我国海洋经济地理学的发展过程和存在问题的基础上,从国际背景和国内需求两个方面展望了我国海洋经济地理的发展前景。最后,分析了国际海洋地理学的三个发展趋势,具体论述了我国海洋经济地理学四个发展重点,即海洋产业发展与布局、海洋资源与可持续发展研究、滨海旅游空间结构研究和海洋地缘政治研究。     

城市化对区域发展的经济绩效研究

在对全国和陕西省城市化基本情况分析的基础上,以全国31个城市和陕西省10个城市为研究对象,通过多元回归模型分析了城市化对不同区域经济发展以及对不同类型城市经济发展的影响。认为只有合理的城市化才能促进区域经济的发展,并试图提出适应不同经济发展水平的城市化道路及其发展对策。文章的主要结论包括:不同城市化因子对区域经济的贡献存在较大的区域差异,全国难以选择统一的城市化模式;不同城市化因子对不同等级规模城市的经济绩效存在明显的差异,反映了大中小城市在发展过程中应各有侧重。     

ON THE COMPOSITION AND PROVENANCE OF METAL ARTEFACTS FROM POLIOCHNI ON LEMNOS

Summary. The majority of the well-stratified Early Bronze Age metal objects from Poliochni, with the exclusion of one hoard find, was analyzed for their chemical and lead isotope composition. The results show that a major change occurred in the metal used at Poliochni during periods contemporary with Troy I and Troy II. Unalloyed or arsenical copper with relatively high lead contents during the earliest two periods 'azzurro' and 'verde' is gradually replaced and supplemented by tin bronze which, during period 'giallo', i.e., by the end of Troy II, becomes the dominant metal type. Lead isotope abundance ratios in the earlier artefacts are consistent with a derivation of the metal from regional ore sources but the trace element abundance pattern is not. Concurrent with the appearance of tin bronzes is an increase in the diversity of ore deposits exploited; for about one third of the artefacts from period 'giallo' there is as yet no matching ore source in all Anatolia and the Eastern Mediterranean. It is argued that the tin bronzes have been imported as such but that the lead isotope signature does not provide any direct clues to the origin of the tin.     

一体化条件下的空间经济集聚

空间经济集聚是经济地理学研究重点,并且渐渐被经济学所重视。本文以经济地理学的理论为基础,借鉴主流经济学的有关理论,探讨了区域经济一体化导致的空间经济集聚的机理,即经济集聚与经济扩散同时并存,空间上以经济集聚为主导,以扩散为辅;提出了经济集聚的本质是规模经济、范围经济和外部经济共同作用的过程。规模经济导致经济集聚产业点,再加上范围经济产生集聚产业区,规模经济、范围经济和外部经济共同作用产生经济集聚产业核心区。指出经济扩散的原因是纯粹的集聚不经济、区域分工共同作用的结果。