The Problem of Creating a Kazakhstan Metallurgical Base

The author favors early development of the high-phosphorus oolitic iron ores of the Lisakovka deposit in Kustanay Oblast, selecting the area of Irtyshshkoye at the intersection of the Irtysh River and the Middle Siberian Railroad as the best site for an iron and steel plant. A Lisakovka-based steel plant would yield basic slag for fertilizer in the surrounding virgin lands farm territory.     

The Industrial District and the 'New' Italian Economic Geography

The industrial district is one of the theoretical concepts by which Italian economic geography has redefined a large part of its scientific and methodological status. The successful of industrial district is linked to the explanation of the Italian model of light industrialization, that is to the role played by small firms in Italian manufacturing industry. Nevertheless, it is worthwhile to know that industrial district was introduced as a theoretical paradigm to stress the territoriality of the production process and the gain of productiveness and innovativeness for the firm which sources from the embedding of economic activity within the local society where the production takes place. Support for this approach is found in the Marshallian external economies. This article addresses the importance of industrial district from the point of view of this neo-Marshallian reading of the organization of production. This framework of reference provides the basis for the formulation and implementation of local policies which recast traditional economic, social and infrastructural ones as specialist policies aimed at the creation of the institutional and environmental conditions for the competitiveness of places.     

抗日根据地禁毒立法问题研究

抗战时期,日本侵略对中国肆行毒化政策,造成沦陷区毒品严重泛滥,也致使抗日根据地毒品问题日趋严峻。中国共产党领导的各抗日根据地政府,为了粉碎日军的毒化阴谋,肃清根据地内的毒品犯罪,相继制订和颁布了一系列禁毒法规。这些禁毒法规比较完整、系统地反映了中国共产党的禁毒政策,内容涉及禁种、禁贩、禁售、禁吸等方面。抗日根据地禁毒法规的颁布和实施有着重要的历史意义：保证了中国共产党禁毒政策在根据地的实施;有效地遏制了根据地内的各种毒品犯罪活动;促进了根据地经济的发展,提高了根据地人民的健康水平,从人力物力上支援了抗日战争。     

The Birmingham Jewellery Quarter: A Marshallian Industrial District

The paper presents the findings of a study on the Birmingham Jewellery Quarter at its zenith from 1880 to 1920. Drawing on a unique database covering four decades and secondary data, it has been possible to map out the organization of production, the degree of firms' specializations, and extent of production and social networking within the Quarter. Such evidence seems to suggest that the Birmingham Jewellery Quarter was a Marshallian industrial district at the turn of the nineteenth century.     

有机质地文物保护中的去湿问题

本文通过对高湿环境给有机质地文物带来的危害和当前大多数博物馆文物库房使用去湿机现状的分析,论述了湿度突变会对有机质地文物产生严重的负面影响,指出要使去湿机获得满意的除湿效果,必须同时具备实现去湿机自动控制和库房24小时供电两个条件。为文物保存柜、陈列柜的小环境除湿,则选用某些固体或液体吸湿材料。     

Innovation and Change in the Marshallian Industrial District

One of the relatively neglected aspects of studies of industrial districts is that of processes of innovation and structured change. In the paper, a preliminary theorization is offered, with evidence from a case in Tuscany. The paper concludes that creative capacities embedded at the local level may be valuable in this respect.     

陕甘宁及华北抗日根据地代耕问题初探

本文通过分析陕甘宁及华北抗日根据地为无劳动力或劳动力不足的抗日军人家属实行代耕的原因、措施,揭示了代耕对明显改善抗属生活水平,推动扩军与归队工作、激励士气,带动生产、凝聚人心、鼓舞全民抗战等方面的突出作用。     

Improbable Art: The Creative Economy and Sustainable Cluster Development in a Hong Kong Industrial District

A noted Singapore-based cultural geographer and specialist on Asia analyzes the emergence and functioning of a unique artistic cluster in Hong Kong's Fotan light industrial district. The objective of the research is to understand how artistic work in the cluster, despite some challenges, has thus far proven sustainable in cultural, social, and economic terms. The findings of this case study permit further clarification of several dimensions of an emerging theory of cultural/creative clusters, which should be considered as distinct from business and industrial clusters. Selective comparisons between the Fotan cluster and the Moganshan Lu cluster in Shanghai demonstrate that cultural/creative clusters do not face uniform challenges in striking a balance between economic and cultural sustainability.     

An Industrial District Facing the Challenges of Globalization: Prato Today

Industrial districts and clusters of small- and medium-sized enterprises specializing in manufacture are an important feature of the Italian economy (Becattini, G. & Coltorti, F. (2006) Areas of large enterprise and industrial districts in the development of post-war Italy. A preliminary survey, European Planning Studies, 14(8), pp. 1105–1138). The textile district of Prato is an exemplary case of the industrial district model (Becattini, G. (2001) The Caterpillar and the Butterfly. An Exemplary Case of Development in the Italy of the Industrial Districts (Felice Le Monnier: Firenze)), contributing 25% of the Italian exports of woollen products. The paper analyses the recent transformations of Prato facing the winds of globalization and in particular the dual challenge of global pressure from outside the district (due to competition from new industrialising countries) and from inside it (due to an ethnic economy formed by Chinese immigrants). The paper concludes with some recommendations for the revitalization of local development, and sketches a possible course for the Prato district.     

Industrial District and the Multiplication of Labour: The Chinese Apparel Industry in Prato,Italy

Since the 1990s, the Chinese apparel industry in Prato has developed from a few stitching workshops into full‐fledged production networks. However, persistent disparity between the Chinese and Italian labor has triggered widespread social tensions. Drawing upon the recent literature of critical labor studies, this paper offers a different perspective to see the disparity in terms of the multiplication of labor across scales. The Chinese labor in Prato is made cheap and flexible by the proliferation of institutional and social borders, which were in turn inadvertently produced by Italian immigration policies, Chinese social norms, and local and regional economic conditions. In particular, the Chinese migrant workers have played an active role in producing social borders and in their own exploitation. Therefore, the labor polarization in Prato can hardly be solved by local institutional arrangements, and Italian trade unions have failed to organize the Chinese migrant labor in Prato.     

晋察冀边区农民负担问题研究

八年抗战期间,晋察冀边区农民负担相对减轻,生活得到初步改善。坚持正确的负担原则,逐步完善负担政策,积极采取措施帮助农民增收节支是取得上述成绩的主要原因。成功地解决农民负担问题,推动了农业生产的发展;保障了战时财政;壮大了抗日力量;削弱了封建势力,为抗日战争及解放战争的胜利奠定了基础。     

革命根据地新富农问题研究

在抗日根据地和解放区,中共领导下的人民民主政权,实施新民主主义经济政策,农村中的封建土地制度被消灭或削弱,农民个体经济得到发展,一部分原来的中农甚至贫雇农在抗日民主政权的扶助下,辛勤劳动。努力经营,上升为新富农。这是新民主主义社会中的一种新的经济形式。它的出现和发展,对于打消动摇封建土地所有制后农民发展生产的顾虑,鼓励他们劳动发家,对于克服根据地由于战乱和敌伪封锁造成的经济困难,起了积极的作用。在抗日战争时期,中共对新富农经济采取鼓励其发展的政策。在解放战争时期进行土地改革的过程中,对新富农的政策一度发生动摇,但很快得到纠正。     

Knowledge Externalities and Knowledge Spillovers in Social Networks: The Case of Izmir Metalwork Industrial District

Social networks are the networks based on relationships between social entities. Since social interactions are directly associated with externalities, these relationships are assumed to create opportunities for the network members by providing especially knowledge flows. In this context, the main objective of this study is to show the role of knowledge externalities in social networks. By following this aim, some theoretical derivations are delivered and survey results in a small-world network are explained. Consequently, after a brief introduction, the first section of this study consists of a theoretical model derived by including knowledge externalities in social networks. In the second section, a survey applied in Izmir Metalwork Industrial District is explained. Finally, in the third section, survey results are presented and then conclusions and discussions for further research are revealed. Contributions of this study to the related literature are three-fold. Firstly, knowledge externalities are added to the models of knowledge flows in social networks explicitly. Secondly, a questionnaire trying to measure knowledge spillovers and knowledge externalities separately is introduced and applied for the first time in the literature. Finally, such an analysis is the first for Izmir which is the third metropolitan city of Turkey.     

探问工业革命

悖论迪安和科尔对于英国从17世纪晚期到20世纪中期经济增长的研究具有开拓性的意义,他们在书中的结论大体是这样的:“工业革命”这一术语富有意义,关于工业革命的传统的时间界定大体上也是正确的,即大约从18世纪最后几十年开始,持续半个多世纪。在此时期,国民生产增长率明显加速,尽管同一时期英国人口增长之快也是空前绝后,但国民生产的加速增长是如此的显著,以致人均产量也比以前有更快的增长。“但是,到该世纪末,情况出现了一个根本性的转变。1785年以后,无论是总产量,还是总人口,都以前所未有的速度在增长。但是,总产量的增长现在开始大…     

东北工业旅游研究--振兴老工业基地的新视角

振兴东北老工业基地需从多方面入手,工业旅游是其中的重要手段之一。东北地区工业旅游资源丰富,是新中国工业的发源地,创造了共和国工业历史上的多个第一,并为全国各地的工业建设输送了大量的原材料、工业装备和工程技术人员,做出了无私的奉献,对全国游客有着强大的吸引力,具有发展工业旅游的良好条件。发展工业旅游有利于扩大就业、树立良好的企业和城市形象;有利于推动企业调整产业结构,提高生产技术水平;对老工业基地的振兴将产生积极的作用和影响。本文还提出了发展工业旅游的若干战略措施。     

关于区志几个记述问题的探讨

城市区志在篇目设置、记述方法上不同于县志。本文就如何记述好城市区内的基础设施．流动人口．第二、三产业,以及社区事物进行探讨。