On the Diversion of the Vychegda and Pechora Rivers to the Basin of the Volga

The author of an economic geography of the Komi ASSR (1959) attempts to show that the present plan for the diversion of the Vychegda and Pechora rivers to the Volga basin would have an adverse effect on the economy of the Komi ASSR, particularly by flooding the limited amount of agricultural land available in the northern republic. Fisheries and shipping on the Pechora River would also suffer, in the opinion of the author. He proposes certain changes in the engineering aspects of the project to safeguard the northern economy. The changes would admittedly double the cost of the project.     

The Geomorphology of the Turgay Trough in Connection with the Problem of Diverting the Water of West Siberian Rivers to Central Asia

A geomorphic field survey conducted in the late 1960's by the Institute of Geography (Moscow) suggests the existence of only one geomorphic level (Level III) that can be traced all the way through the Turgay trough from the Irtysh River drainage basin to the Aral Sea depression. However, contrary to general assumption, geomorphic analysis does not confirm the view that the Turgay trough served for a throughflow of water between the two drainage basins during the Pleistocene. An analysis of the geomorphic levels in the trough suggests that water in the northern segment of the trough drained toward the north and in the southern segment toward the south, with a middle segment occupied by a system of lakes, still evident to this day. However, the absence of a throughflow in the past does not rule out the use of the trough for the proposed southward diversion of Siberian water. It is suggested that the level of water on the Siberian slope be raised to the elevation of the divide (about 125 meters above sea level) so that the water could then follow the natural slope of the Level III surface toward the south.     

Geographical Aspects and Problems of the Industrialization of Siberia

A review of past industrialization of Siberia and future plans, discussed in terms of three basic zones: (1) the developed belt along the Trans-Siberian Railroad; (2) the southern margins of the tayga immediately to the north of the railroad, and (3) valuable mineral sites selectively developed in the rest of Siberia. Individual industrial nodes are listed and developmental problems outlined.     

西部开发与理论研究西移问题

本文认为,以往人们对西部资源开发的理解编狭,且在具体的运作过程中亦有非良性因素的存在。文章回首历史,立足今天,提出了西部开发的主体内容：借鉴美国近代西部开发的经验,走农业开发、工业开发、科技开发和城市化之路。     

The Problem of Transformation and Utilization of the Water Resources of the Volga River and the Caspian Sea

Abstract

The authors review expected water requirements within the Volga-Caspian basin for industry, agriculture, fisheries and municipal uses and plans for the diversion of the streams of northern European Russia to the south to support the level of the Caspian Sea. They suggest that the diversion of part of the flow of the northern streams and isolation of the natural evaporation basin of the Kara-Bogaz-Gol will be sufficient to maintain the Caspian Sea level at ?28 meters. Previous articles on the Caspian problem appeared in Soviet Geography, September 1961, January 1962, and June 1963.     

Geographical Aspects of the Organization of Social Production and its Control (with Special Reference to Agriculture)

A systems approach to the study of the geographical aspects of production and the management of production is proposed. Areal (geographic) systems are viewed as a form of organization of production and an object of control. The areal system may range in scale from a microsystem (an individual large farm) to a global system. Geographical information plays an important role in the organization and control of areal systems. Geographic models, particularly maps, are a useful tool in the analysis and design of systems. The systems approach to areal complexes is not intended to replace the regional method, but supplements the regional approach by providing a better understanding of the region as a complex dynamic system. Further research in the geography of the control of production from the systems standpoint is recommended.     

《旧唐书·地理志》西南地区正误

《旧唐书》虽经校勘,然仍有不少未尽善处。本文对《地理志》所记西南地区所涉诸州的州县领属、所领县数、设置时间及其变更等的失误,进行了订正和补遗。     

On the Question of Diverting part of the Unused Runoff of Northern and Siberian Rivers into Regions Suffering from a Shortage of Water Resources

An advocate of the diversion of Siberian water to Central Asia presents the latest thinking on such a project and recommends a combination of the diversion of water from the upper Ob' for irrigation of Northern Kazakhstan and the diversion of water from a small lower Ob' reservoir southward across the Turgay divide into the Aral Sea basin.     

The Geographical Peculiarities of Europe and Some Aspects of an All-European Economic Cooperation

Greater economic cooperation between the two socioeconomic systems in Europe is held to be mutually beneficial and to be favored by some of the continent's physical-geographical aspects (deeply indented coastline, easy overland transportation, resource complementarity). An area deserving priority in all-European projects is the interconnection of power systems to make possible the transmission of electricity covering peak load needs and other requirements. Such interconnections may save significant capital investment that would otherwise be required for additional generating capacity within each system. Other potential areas for all-European cooperation include the provision of east-west inland waterways, motor roads and improved rail lines. One aspect of the possible integration of transport systems would be the organization of overland container traffic between Europe and Japan (as well as Iran and Afghanistan) through the territory of the USSR.     

青海省两河流域城市带战略构想

工业化和城镇化是推动世界经济发展和社会文明进步的两大主要力量。对青海这样一个城镇化发展滞后的省份而言,以打造两河流域城市带为突破口,加速推进全省城镇化进程,对推动青海发展方式转变、加快城乡一体化进程、构建新的经济增长板块以及全面建设小康社会具有十分重大的现实意义和长远意义。     

Some Aspects of Lower-Level Economic and Administrative Divisions of the Northern Part of Transbaykalia

The basic notion in Soviet economic regionalization that administrative divisions should correspond closely to economic regions is often ignored at the local level. The Muya area, an intermontane basin in northern Transbaykalia, is discussed as an example of an area in which an artificial administrative division hampers the resolution of economic problems of the area as a whole.     

江河源地区"生态难民"问题的社会生态学分析

青海素有“中华水塔”之称,青海生态环境,特别是草原生态环境的优劣,举足轻重。探索当代草原难民的自然演变与社会发展变化的关系,揭示变迁的深层社会动因,确认青海草原生态功能的定位,为改变传统牧业的观念与生产实践,提供有益的启示,是本的主旨,青海草原生态环境的改善,关系重大,需要全国人民的共同关心与支持。     

Geographical Approaches to the Study of Extractive Industries

The locational patterns of development of extractive industry in the USSR have been neglected as an object of study in Soviet economic geography. The geography of resource-based industry is determined by two groups of factors: natural and economic. Research is needed to establish the quantitative parameters of the effect of natural factors on location. The most significant economic factor of location is technical progress. A basic problem in the development of extractive industry in the Soviet Union has been the areal disparity between availability of resources and resource use. The disparity is most evident between the western and eastern zones of the country. Soviet economic regions can be grouped according to their share in the gross output of all extractive industry. Within groups, regions can be distinguished according to the extent to which available resources are being used. Resource-based industries tend to form the core of industrial complexes, particularly in pioneering regions where the economy is in its early stages of development. Five types of resource complexes are distinguished: energy-oriented complexes, ore-based complexes, fishery complexes, timber complexes, and nonmetallic mineral complexes.     

从索离沟的考古发现看古索离国的地望

2006年,黑龙江省文物考古研究所为配合松花江大顶子山航电枢纽工程建设,对位于宾县满井镇卜家口子屯东北约1公里处的索离沟遗址进行了抢救性发掘,发现房址3座,获得了一批重要文物。本文认为索离沟遗址与已知的庆华遗址的文化内涵基本相同,属一种新的考古文化,年代相当于战国～西汉时期;并认为,索离沟及庆华遗存就是古索离人的遗存,而索离沟之地名与索离沟文化遗存之属性完全相合,是古索离人的＂化石＂地名。