Mapping US Homonormativities

In this paper I argue that the Orientalist invocation of the ‘terrorist’ is one discursive tactic that disaggregates US national gays and queers from racial and sexual ‘others’, foregrounding a collusion between homosexuality and American nationalism that is generated both by national rhetorics of patriotic inclusion and by gay, lesbian, and queer subjects themselves: homo-nationalism. For contemporary forms of US nationalism and patriotism, the production of gay, lesbian and queer bodies is crucial to the deployment of nationalism, insofar as these perverse bodies reiterate heterosexuality as the norm but also because certain domesticated homosexual bodies provide ammunition to reinforce nationalist projects. Mapping forms of US homo-nationalism, vital accomplices to Orientalist terrorist others, is instructive as it alludes to the ‘imaginative geographies’ of the US, as the analytic of race-sexuality provides a crucial yet under-theorized method to think through the imaginative geographies of the US in an age of counter-terrorism. It is through imaginative geographies produced by homo-nationalism, for example, that the contradictions inherent in the idealization of the US as a properly multicultural heteronormative but nevertheless gay-friendly, tolerant, and sexually liberated society can remain in tension. This mapping or geography is imaginative because, despite the unevenness, massively evidenced, of sexual and racial tolerance across varied spaces and topographies of identity in the US, it nonetheless exists as a core belief system about liberal mores defined within and through the boundaries of the US.

Trazando mapas de Homonormatividades en los Estados Unidos

En este artículo argumento que la invocación Orientalista de la ‘terrorista’ es un táctico discursivo que desagrega los homosexuales estadounidenses de los ‘otros’ raciales y sexuales, y como consecuencia subrayando una colusión entre la homosexualidad y nacionalismo americano que están producido por retórica nacional de inclusión patriótica y por sujetos lesbiana, gay y queer: homo-nacionalismo. Para formas contemporáneas de nacionalismo y patriotismo americanos, la producción de cuerpos lesbianas, gay y queer es crítica para el despliegue de nacionalismo en cuanto a estos cuerpos perversos reiteran heterosexualidad como la norma y también porque ciertos cuerpos homosexual domesticados proviene municiones para reinformar proyectos nacionalistas. Trazando un mapa de las formas homo-nacionalismo americanos, lo que son cómplices vitales a las otras terroristas Orientales, es instructiva ya que alude a los ‘geografías imaginativas’ de los EEUU como el analítico de raza-sexualidad proviene una manera critica aún bajo de teorizado para pensar en las geografías imaginativas de los EEUU en una época de contra-terrorismo. Por ejemplo, a través de las geografías imaginativas, lo que están producidos por homo-nacionalismo, se puedan quedar en tensión las contradicciones inherente en la idealización de los EEUU como una sociedad que es apropiadamente multicultural y heteronormativa pero sin embargo gay-amigo, tolerante y libertado sexualmente. Este mapa, o geografía, es imaginativo porque existe sin embargo como una creencia fundamental acerca de las costumbres liberales que son definidos dentro de y a través de las fronteras de los EEUU, a pesar de la desigualdad—evidenciado en profundo—de la tolerancia racial y sexual por espacios variados y topografías de identidades en los EEUU.     

Basic Principles of Landscape Mapping

This report of the Permanent Commission on Landscape Maps of the Geographical Society USSR defines four groups of landscape maps and their basic mapped objects, ranging from detailed, large-scale facies maps (1:10,000) to small-scale maps of less than 1:1,000,000 showing mainly landscapes (in the sense of a given rank of natural areal unit). The report defines various physical-geographic units, such as facies, urochishche and mestnost' and the Russian terms have been retained where the meaning is ambiguous and there is no clear-cut English equivalent. The report also discusses various ways of formulating map legends. A previous paper on landscape mapping appeared in Soviet Geography, February 1961, pp. 34–47.     

On the Methodology of Zoogeographic Mapping

The distribution of marmots in the Soviet Union has been mapped at three general scales: particular maps, showing colonies and burrows in small landscape units; regional maps, using medium scales, and general maps, at small scales, showing the entire Soviet Union.     

Mapping the Stone Age of Mozambique

Under the auspices of the Portuguese colonial government, Lereno Barradas and Santos Júnior (coordinator of the Anthropological Mission of Mozambique) carried out several archaeological field surveys from 1936 to 1956 that resulted in a data set that includes a total of close to 90 sites, mostly attributed to the Stone Age. This early research added to the previous work of Van Riet Lowe in the Limpopo Valley of southern Mozambique. With the new millennium, Mozambique has emerged as a crucial geographic area in which to understand the various hypotheses about recent human evolution. Specifically, its coastal location between southern and eastern Africa is ideal for testing ideas about the link between early coastal adaptations and the appearance of anatomically modern humans (AMH). Except for the recent work by Mercader’s team in northern Mozambique, the number of researchers and projects on this topic in Mozambique is still limited because of the general predominance of interest in later periods among archaeologists working in the country, mainly due to their focus on issues related to precolonial heritage and national identity. Based on the early maps from Santos Júnior and more recent data acquired through various projects, we present a series of maps for the Stone Age prehistory of Mozambique. The maps are also based on a critical evaluation of the sites and a review of some of the materials that are presently curated at the Instituto de Investigação Científica e Tropical (IICT) in Lisbon, Portugal, as well as the materials stored at the Department of Archaeology of Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo. The sites are also presented in an online database with the information on all sites used in this study. This database is open to all and will be updated continuously. A preliminary interpretation of the regional distribution of the sites is also attempted, linking aspects that include region, topography and altitude, geomorphology, and cultural phase. These results will be the first step for research and knowledge in Mozambique on Stone Age prehistory and the emergence and settlement pattern of AMH.     

Record of the Hump Route Mapping

Editor＇s Note： Hu Mingcheng, the author of this article, was born in the Hanchuan County of Hubei Province in 1917. After graduation from the National Land Survey School in 1940, he began land surveying work. In the Chinese People＇s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he took part in the cartography work of the India-China border regions involving cooperation between China and America, and was charged with surveying the difficult areas in Kham. At the beginning of 1947, he went to America for advanced studies at the US Navy Astronomical Observatory and the Coastal Survey Bureau. He came back to China in the fall of 1948. In May 1949, he joined the headquarters of the 2nd field army in Nanjing, occupying the post of deputy captain of the Survey Squadron. In October of the same year, he took part in the battle to liberate the southwest. He was transferred to the Mapping Bureau of the Military Committee as a researcher. In recent years he wrote ＂The on-the-spot record of the India-China chart mapping by China and America in the Chinese People＇s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression＂. We have chosen a part of his narrative to share with readers.     

清末鸦片禁政与新政改革之契合

清代晚期,作为英、印、中三角贸易的主要媒介,鸦片等毒品被大量准进,逐步形成了一种病态的毒品经济形态,成为晚清中国步入近代化轨道的重要制约因素。清末新政时期,从新闻媒介到清廷大员,均将新政改革的成败与鸦片禁政联系起来,在禁政与宪政改革、中国外贸事业的振兴以及中国进入现代化国家行列的关系上,形成了前所未有的深刻认识。因之,在清末改革的框架内,除宪政等方面的改革之外,又融入了禁毒社会改革,新政与禁政呈现出互动和契合的态势。     

Cross-Coalition Coordination in Collaborative Environmental Governance Processes

Collaborative governance processes seek to engage diverse policy actors in the development and implementation of consensus-oriented policy and management actions. Whether this is achieved, however, largely depends on the degree to which actors with different beliefs coordinate their actions to achieve common policy goals—a behavior known as cross-coalition coordination. Drawing on the Advocacy Coalition Framework and collaborative governance literatures, this study analyzes cross-coalition coordination in three collaborative environmental governance processes that seek to manage water in the Colorado River Basin. Through comparative analysis, it highlights the complex relationship among the institutional design of a collaborative governance process, how and why actors choose to engage in cross-coalition coordination, and the consequent policy outputs they produce. The findings advance policy scholars’ nascent understanding of cross-coalition coordination and its potential to affect policymaking dynamics.     

On the Mapping of the Settling Process

Existing types of maps are found inadequate for an analysis of the settling process in a particular territory over a given period. The author proposes a technique for the compilation of map diagrams in which squares drawn at the map scale and with their centers at the seats of minor civil divisions represent areas of “possible settlement.” The squares are computed according to the formula S = H × 0.34 km², where H is the total population of the particular minor civil division and 0.34 km² is the mean area per person in the major civil division (Irkutsk Oblast). A comparison of the areas of the squares for different years shows graphically the direction of the settling process and any regional differences in the process. Cartograms based on these map diagrams show changes in the structure of the density of settlement in the intervening period.     

Basic Methodological Problems in Ethnic Mapping

The following excerpt from a speech delivered October 18, 1963, before the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences USSR by a leading ideological spokesman of the Communist party is relevant to the discussion surrounding V. A. Anuchin's advocacy of a unified geography. Ilyichev denounces the Stalinist definition of the environment as a purely natural category. He charges that some Soviet scholars have used this definition as a “theoretical foundation” for erecting an insurmountable wall between the natural and social sciences. A briefer version of his remarks appeared in the journal Voprosy Filosofi, 1963, No. 11, pp. 6–7.     

Mapping Market Areas Using Nonparametric Smoothing

A new method is proposed to map firms' principal market areas using shipment data. The new method is a general one which could prove just as useful in mapping the incidence of disease as in mapping market areas. This method is applied to agricultural data for feeder cattle sales at a video cattle auction. Transportation costs appear to be the main determinant of market area boundaries, but there are many cases where transportation costs alone cannot explain the market areas found. The size and shape of market areas for feeder cattle buyers are large, irregularly shaped, and extensively overlapping.