THE MORPHOMETRY OF THE CASPIAN SEA BASED ON CONTEMPORARY DATA

Differences in available data on the area of the Caspian Sea are analyzed, and an effort is made to explain them. The differences are particularly pronounced in the shallower northern portion of the sea, where the drop of the sea level over the years has produced more significant changes in shoreline configuration. Greater use of space imagery is urged in determining changes in shoreline configuration, and the setting of “geographical standards” is proposed to avoid continuing confusion in published data. The technical problem of calculating the physical water area, including surface roughness produced by wave motion, is discussed.     

MANAGEMENT OF THE WATER BALANCE OF THE ARAL SEA

In view of the declining inflow into the Aral Sea, alternative proposals are advanced to save this inland sea by reducing its area as well as its salinity levels. The proposals involve the closing off of some portions of the sea, notably the Little Aral in the northeast and the Western Aral, from the large shallow eastern portion. Some portions of this fragmented sea would then be treated as active bodies of water with a throughflow regime, discharging surplus waters of high salinity into other portions, which would be allowed to become salt marshes. Various combinations of active water areas and residual water areas are examined, and possible trends in waterlevel and salinity are projected to the middle of the 21st century.     

基于城乡一体化发展模式的新农村建设探讨

我国新农村建设面临着诸多问题,这些问题的解决需要新模式的引入.在深入解析城乡一体化发展模式的基础上,揭示了其对新农村建设的启示.并从城镇化趋势、小城镇建设、城乡统筹规划和模式创新等多重角度,对基于城乡一体化发展模式的新农村建设进行分析和探讨,以图为可持续的农村建设提供模式和方法指导.     

村官视角下的青海新农村建设

本文通过实地调研,深入了解和考查了青海省村官对新农村建设五个方面的理解和实际需求,归纳梳理了青海省新农村建设中存在的问题,并就进一步推进青海省新农村建设提出具有针对性的政策建议。     

DAMMING JAMES BAY: I. POTENTIAL IMPACTS ON COASTAL CLIMATE AND THE WATER BALANCE

The proposed grand Canal project calls for the damming of James Bay and the diversion of its water southward. This first part of a two-part study models some potential impacts on the climate, water balance, and growth patterns in the James Bay coastal zone. Use is made of a linear relationship of Bowen ratio and temperature, developed from studies of coastal wetlands in southern and northwestern James Bay and central Hudson Bay. It is hypothesized that changing James Bay into a fresh-water lake and disrupting its coastal currents would result in a delayed Bay ice melt of unknown length in the spring. Allowing a delay to vary between 0 and 30 days results in the prediction of lesser evaporation and greater water surplus. These differences in magnitude increase with the length of delayed melt, but in all cases are most strongly evident during the peak of the growing season. Colder and wetter conditions would have a strong ecological impact on all coastal areas of western and southern James Bay. In the northwest this could change the species composition of coastal flora, cause forests to retreat from the coast, and result in the growth of permafrost there.     

茫茫草原 冰湖腾鱼 查干湖“冬捕”演绎别样风情

<正>在嫩科尔沁草原东部,霍林河末端与嫩江的交汇处,有一个叫查干湖的地方。当地蒙古人称查干湖为"查干淖尔"。蒙古语为"白色的湖"。查干湖历史上     

哈纳斯湖夜色

<正>哈纳斯湖像是位披着薄纱的睡美人,静静地在群山的朦胧夜色中安卧。哈纳斯夜色之美,对来自大都市的人来说简直无法想象。在摄影作品《哈纳斯湖夜色》中,长时间曝光下的湖水看上去就像一道意味深长情意绵绵的目光     

基于遥感数据的中亚五国城市时空扩展变化研究

借助遥感与GIS技术,以1990年LandsatTM和2000年Landsat ETM+遥感影像为数据来源,提取中亚5国首都城市建设用地信息。计算1990年和2000年中亚5国首都城市的城市扩展强度、城市年扩展速率及城市形状紧凑度,对中亚地区五国城市扩展的时空变化进行定量分析。结果表明:1990年和2000年,中亚5国首都城市扩展强度指数和城市扩展速度差距较大,其中阿什哈巴德的扩展强度指数和城市扩展速度最大,分别为0.93、4.6,而最小的是杜尚别,分别只有0.001、2.6,二者相差悬殊。而紧凑度变化幅度不大,2000年,杜尚别、塔什干的紧凑度较大,分别为0.6、0.46,其城市结构更为紧凑,用地集约程度增大,而阿斯塔纳、比什凯克和阿什哈巴德城市结构相对较为松散。同时,中亚五国首都城市空间向外扩张、向内填充的强度、方向各不相同,从而呈现出各自的扩展特点。