跋崔颢《相逢行》（上）

郭茂倩《乐府诗集》卷三四“相和歌辞九”载唐崔颢《相逢行》一首,辞曰：妾年初二八,家住洛桥头。     

《诗经六义》与《和歌六义》的比较研究

中国古典文学对日本古典文学的影响是极为深远的,无论从题材、创作手法,还是风格上,二者均有共同之处。日本的纪贯之在他撰写的《古今集》的汉文序中提出了“和歌六义”,那么,它与“诗经六义”有无共同之处呢？这里,笔者欲就《诗经六义》与《和歌六义》初步做些比较,以期明了中日古典诗歌中的相互关系。一、二者在形式上的比较“诗经六义”最早是由汉代人提出来的,是研究《诗经》的一个极为重要的观点。关于“六义”的解释,历代都存在着不同的看法,但是,一直为人们所沿用的颇有影响的算是唐代孔颖达之说,他在《毛诗正义》中写道…     

司马相如与巴蜀史志文献编纂关系考

蜀人司马相如以其宏文大笔驰骋古今,为历代文人学者所推崇。东汉班固、南朝梁刘勰称其为“辞宗”,宋代王应麟、明代王世贞称其为“赋圣”,宋代邵博称其为“文章祖”。人们将其与汉代史学家司马迁并称为“文章西汉两司马”。然世人但知司马相如为文坛辞宗、赋家之雄,而罕知司马相如与史学有着莫大关系。他具有深厚的史学素养,撰有史学著作,其中包括最早的一部巴蜀地方史志《蜀本纪》,堪称巴蜀地区早期的史学家。其史学著作,甚至对后代史家修史体例具有开创之功。     

释汉代的翰海

<正> 随手翻检1931年版《中国古今地名大辞典》的“翰海”条,见释文首先引证了《史记·霍去病传》“封狼居胥山,禅于姑衍,登临翰海”的记载,接着引述司马贞《史记索隐》释此翰海云:“案崔浩云北海名,群鸟之所解羽,故云翰海。《广志》在     

《乐府诗集》“本辞”索解

<正>汉魏时期的不少歌辞随着时间的推移渐趋失传,而郭茂倩《乐府诗集》著录的十曲汉魏旧辞,不仅著录乐奏辞,还附列"本辞",清晰展示出这些歌辞流传演变的历史脉络。由于这种著录体例是在承袭前代乐书基础上的创新,故研究者对乐辞、本辞的来源及二者之关系亦颇多关注。逯钦立先生《〈古诗纪〉补正凡例》认为,郭氏所录乐辞本之《宋书·乐志》,本辞则本之《文选》、《玉台》     

陈铁卿先生《古钱史话丛稿》序

我很早就读过天津钱币学家陈铁卿先生的论作,但他的遗著《古钱史话丛稿》,却是前几年才有机会在中国钱币博物馆张武一先生处看到的,其规模之大,引述之博,给了我非常深刻的印象。那时我写了一封信推荐这部巨著出版,其中说：“《古钱史话丛稿》一书,为陈铁卿先生一生功力所萃,撰写自1955年至1975年,历二十年之久,堪称钱币学史上一大著作,     

《乐府诗集》编者郭茂倩的家世

《乐府诗集》一百卷,是一部上起传说中的尧舜,中接汉魏,下至唐五代乐府歌辞的总集.共分郊庙歌辞、燕射歌辞、鼓吹曲辞、横吹曲辞、相和歌辞、清商曲辞、舞曲歌辞、琴曲歌辞、杂曲歌辞、近代曲辞、杂歌谣辞、新乐府辞等十二类.全书材料丰富、体例清晰,先录乐曲原辞,后录后人仿作,对文人作品及民间歌谣也加囊括,颇具眼力.全书于每类作品写有总序,叙述源流;而于每种曲辞往往加以题解,“征引浩博,援据精审”(见同治甲戌湖北崇文书局重刻本张荫桓序言).毛晋在刻是书时附识曰:“太原郭茂倩集乐府一诗百卷,采陶唐迄李唐歌谣辞曲,略无遗轶,可谓抗行周雅,长揖楚词,当与三百篇并垂不朽.”给以极高的评价.后世学者认为,研究乐府曲辞,当以是书为鼻祖.     

爱情悲剧华山畿

据《姚桥镇志》记载：700余年前,华山向东是一片大海,华山是临岸登陆的要地,因称之谓华山畿。《乐府诗集》引《古今乐录》载,南朝宋少帝时,南徐有一个年轻读书人,路经华山(在今丹徒县石桥镇华山村。可是《辞海》却把华山畿搬到句容去了,使一些新闻媒体一传再传,误传至今)去云阳途中,看到客舍中有一少女,年方十八九岁,其貌惹人喜爱,但又无法接近,只好暗恋于怀。当他从云阳回家后,就害上了相思病,整天不思饮食,卧床不起。母亲了解到儿子的病因后,为了治好儿子的病,就到丹徒的华山村去寻找那个少女。     

南京钟山二号寺遗址出土南朝瓦当及与南朝上定林寺关系研究

南京钟山二号寺遗址由笔者与南京中山陵园管理局文物处长王前华等于1999年秋冬之际发现。当时,笔者正在主持钟山南朝坛类建筑遗存的考古发掘,并认为该坛址可能是文献中记载的南朝刘宋孝武帝时期建造的“北郊坛”遗存④。根据元代至元二十一年（1361年）宋濂所写的《游钟山记》所言,刘宋“北郊坛”距南朝著名的钟山上定林寺不远,而建于南朝刘宋元嘉年间的钟山上定林寺,是高僧僧事占撰写《出三藏记集》等佛学专著、刘勰完成文学评论巨著《文心雕龙》以及齐、梁时代佛界大德僧柔、法献、僧远、法通、道嵩、超辩、慧弥、法令、     

评析外国史学名著的宏篇 开拓外国史学史研究的新作

评析外国史学名著的宏篇开拓外国史学史研究的新作李茂梓《外国史学名著评介》①（以下简称《评介》）是我国学者集体撰写的第一部系统地评析外国古今史学名著的学术著作。全书约１２０万字,共选评外国史学名著８１部,这８１部著作都是“具有这佯或那样特色的……影响较...     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

The Chemists' Style of Thinking

Der Denkstil der Chemiker. Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Tragfähigkeit des Begriffes “Denkstil”, wie er von Alistair Crombie eingeführt und Ian Hacking aufgegriffen wurde, für das Verständnis dessen, wie das Fach Chemie historisch seine Identität ausgeprägt hat. Obwohl weder Crombie noch Hacking den Begriff “Denkstil” in Bezug auf einzelne Disziplinen verwendet haben, erscheint im Fall der Chemie seine Anwendung besonders vielversprechend, weil er hier hilft, ein zentrales Problem zu thematisieren – nämlich die Frage, wie es Chemikern trotz wechselnder Gegenstandsbereiche und theoretischer Umbrüche gelang, eine eigenständige und stabile Identität auszubilden. Nach einer Einführung in den Begriff “Denkstil”, argumentiert der Aufsatz, dass die Beständigkeit der Chemie als eines Faches wesentlich in ihren Laborpraktiken gründet, die ihrerseits wiederum die spezifische Art der Fragen bestimmten, die Chemiker in ihren Forschungen stellten bzw. die Form der Antworten, nach denen sie suchten. Folgende Merkmale kennzeichnen diesen “chemischen Denkstil” (1) eine spezifische, im Herstellen begründete Form des Wissens, (2) die Befassung mit einzelnen Stoffen und Materialien statt mit Materie im Allgemeinen und (3) eine Beobachtung von Natur besonders im Hinblick auf Transformationsprozesse. The Chemists' Style of Thinking. This paper discusses the relevance of the notion of “styles of scientific thinking” introduced by Alistair Crombie and revisited by Ian Hacking, for understanding how chemistry shaped its identity. Although neither Crombie nor Hacking applied this notion to individual disciplines, it seems appropriate to use it in the case of chemistry because it helps to address a puzzling issue: how did chemists manage to shape an identity of their own, despite shifting territories and theoretical transformations? Following a presentation of the notion of style, I will argue that the stable identity of chemistry is rooted in laboratory practices, which determined the specific questions that chemists put to nature as well as the answers to their questions. The “chemical style of thinking” is characterized by i) a specific way of knowing through making, ii) the concern with individual materials rather than matter in general and iii) a specific commitment to nature.