Memory, Distortion, and History in the Museum

Museums are conventionally viewed as institutions dedicated to the conservation of valued objects and the education of the public. Recently, controversies have arisen regarding the representation of history in museums. National museums in America and Germany considered here, such as the Smithsonian's Air and Space Museum, the Holocaust Memorial Museum, and the German Historical Museum, have become sites of contention where national histories and personal memories are often at odds. Contemporary art installations in museums which take historical consciousness as their theme similarly raise contentious issues about public knowledge of and personal interest in the past. When members of publics find that their memories of the past or their expectations for museum experiences are not being met, a kind of "distortion" occurs. The "distortion" related to memory and history in the museum is not so much of facts or interpretations, but rather a distortion from the lack of congruity between personal experience and expectation, on the one hand, and the institutional representation of the past on the other. This essay explores the possibilities for a redefined relationship between personal memory and history that is experienced in contemporary museums.     

The Palestinian Museum,Ramallah

Abstract

Whereas recent studies have correctly identified a clan-based social structure presumed in the place names of the Samaria Ostraca, an analysis of the power relations within these structures has not been sufficiently developed. Approaching the evidence from a consumption perspective of the commodities for yn y?n (‘aged wine’) and ?mn r?? (‘washed oil’) suggests that the economic significance of these items is tied to complex social interactions. Specifically, both archaeological and ethnographic studies associate such prestige commodities with elite feasting and ceremonial displays. By gifting these items, the central power engaged in a form of ‘competitive feasting’ to secure political capital for future use from clan leaders of the periphery of Samaria. Accordingly, the Samaria Ostraca hint at the use of redistributive mechanisms to secure power relations at elite gatherings.     

A 'Hut pot'in the National Museum, Bahrain

This note presents a fine softstone vessel which has not previously been fully published. Its findspot supports the recent suggestion that such pots continued to be manufactured until the end of the third millennium.     

职业道德语境下博物馆的公众服务功能

为社会公众提供优质的服务,无疑是所有现代意义博物馆的天职,其对博物馆事业健康发展的重要性是毋庸置疑的。博物馆公众服务功能的发挥需要多维度的考虑,既有诸如《博物馆条例》等制度性设计作为保障,更要有博物馆职业道德准则的自律与约束,而后者是衡量博物馆行业是否成熟的重要标准。在博物馆界,《国际博物馆协会博物馆职业道德准则》被公认为博物馆及其从业者的最低标准,比较清晰地反映了当代博物馆发展的新形势和新要求。它的相关原则在博物馆公众服务领域的引入,不仅约定了博物馆与公众的关系,弥补了博物馆法律工具的滞后性,而且帮助博物馆在利益博弈中做出正确判断。值得关注的是,中国博物馆在引入上述职业道德准则的过程中,如何制定资助和创收政策,如何解读和展示敏感文化物品,如何尊重所处或所服务的社区,如何对待非传统服务对象等,仍需要业界理性面对、深入讨论。     

A seal in the collections of the National Museum, Bahrain

This article describes a Murghab seal amulet recently identified in the collections of the National Museum of Bahrain and discusses some of the other evidence for contact between Central Asia and the Gulf in the early second millennium.     

拉萨西藏博物馆缂丝不动金刚唐卡之断代

在学术界,拉萨西藏博物馆所藏的这幅不动金刚唐卡一直是藏传佛教唐卡中早期作品的范例之一,有关其断代众说不一。本文专就此唐卡的断代问题进行了深入的讨论和广泛的比较,认为此唐卡不应是传统所认为的宋或西夏时期的作品,而应是14世纪初以早期旧唐卡为底本的一个元代缂丝仿制品。     

直隶早期博物馆之一——北疆博物院

北疆博物院1914年建于当时的直隶省省会天津,创办者是法国自然科学家、博物学家、神甫桑志华。本文介绍了它的创建、发展历史,肯定了它作为中国早期的博物馆在动植物、古人类学方面及博物馆发展史上的重要作用。     

陈列展览策划与博物馆建设

陈列展览是博物馆最基本的职能之一,是博物馆开展公共文化服务的直接载体和最佳切入点。陈列展览策划作为创造性运作陈列展览的有效手段,与陈列展览水平及博物馆建设密切相关。陈列展览策划能力是博物馆核心竞争力的主要构成要素,加强陈列展览策划是适应博物馆事业发展的需要,深化陈列展览策划有助于提升博物馆的文化影响力。探析陈列展览策划与博物馆建设之间的关系,有助于深化对陈列展览策划的理性认识与实践探索,有益于增强对陈列展览策划与博物馆建设重要性的认识。     

博物馆价值研究辨析

2020年新冠肺炎疫情给部分博物馆带来了生存危机,也引发博物馆对于自身价值的反思.这并不是一个全新的议题,一些西方博物馆曾面临过相似困境.20世纪后期的经济危机促使西方博物馆需要阐明自身的作用以获得持续资助,博物馆价值相关的探讨与争论也因此兴起.已有研究围绕价值的认定与分类展开,并形成有利于描述博物馆贡献的价值框架,但...     

Iconic Arctic Shipwrecks,Archaeology, and Museum Narratives

This article reflects on three Arctic shipwrecks currently being reclaimed for future exhibition. Two are icons of polar exploration. Maud was built for Roald Amundsen's North Pole expedition (1917–1925) and Belgica was used in the first Antarctic overwintering expedition (1897–1899). The salvage of Maud in Canada and the ship's return to Norway in 2018 was privately financed. Raising Belgica has been the goal of a Belgian non‐profit organization. The third is a medieval Norwegian wreck excavated in 2017 with community funding. The role of each ship as icon and archaeological heritage is assessed and framed within a broader discussion of museum narratives.     

博物馆网站建设的实践与思考——以甘肃省博物馆网站建设实践为例

随着网络重要性的日益凸显和博物馆网站建设的不断发展,作为博物馆的重要组成部分,博物馆网站已发挥出越来越重要的作用。本文以甘肃省博物馆建设实践为例,就博物馆网站的架构、内容、维护等方面进行总结与思考。     

重置与转向:当代博物馆理念的梳理与思考

20世纪90年代,学界对当代社会生活领域的理解样式深受后现代阐释的影响。社会结构、生活模式、知识体系等层面的巨变引发了人文科学领域的全面危机与反思,博物馆世界也不例外。随着新博物馆学运动的持续发酵和不同研究范式的陆续出现,重新思考博物馆本质与角色的当代博物馆理念应运而生,具体表现在两个方面:一是传统博物馆管理、组织与沟通的角色重置;二是新博物馆学理论、方法与实践的价值转向。当代博物馆理念的梳理与思考对于理解诸多经验层面上的博物馆现象至关重要。     

基于南京博物院后勤保障探索中国大运河博物馆开放运营

后勤工作在保障整个博物馆正常开放中占有非常重要的地位.在新形势下,博物馆开放的后勤工作具有前瞻性、复杂性、技能性和细节性等特征.中国大运河博物馆的运营借鉴了南京博物院的模式,采用独特的专业自行管理方式保障开放运营,在运营的过程中要注重制度规范的顶层设计、提升专业技能,智能化管理以节能增效为目标,做好人性化、多元化的公众...