抗战时期的中央博物馆文物西迁

从1937年直至抗战胜利,故宫博物院和中央博物院的大批珍贵文物由南京出发、分三条线进行了万里播迁的惊险历程。国宝们最终平安存放于四川各地,直到抗战胜利再安全返回。在战争状况下任何情况均有可能发生,国宝命系民族文化之根,因此当时高层曾提出政府垮了可以重建,文化之根脉中断则难以为继。这批文物的迁移路线直接由当时高层少数人决定,随时变化,事先并无计划。而三条线路的运送人员互相也不知道彼此的情况。在大批文物转运过程中,中央博物院职员家誊也辗转于西迁途中。最后与中央研究院史语所、中国营造学社,共同落户宜宾李庄,开始了中国历史上一段不凡的学术生涯。     

A Multidisciplinary Study of a Group of Post‐Classical Cameos from the National Museum in Krakow,Poland

A group of 18 cameos dated from the 16th to 19th centuries (bearing motifs of Roman emperors and female members of their families) from the Constantine Schmidt‐Ci??yński collection was investigated with gemmological analyses, supported by non‐destructive mineralogical methods such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and micro‐Raman spectroscopy (RS) to ascertain the material used. Although there is no scientific method to date the specimens precisely, the mineralogical data supported by archaeological analyses enabled the estimation of the possible timing of the manufacture of the gems. As a result, the cameos were divided into four basic chronological groups: (1) Renaissance, (2) Baroque, (3) uncertain and (4) Classical and Neoclassical.     

Ancient copper and lead pollution records from a raised bog complex in Central Wales,UK

This paper presents records of metal deposition as preserved by a peatland which has accumulated in the lowland coastal zone at Borth, near Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, mid-Wales, U.K. The research objective was to explore the origins and history of metal mining and (or) metallurgy by reconstructing a geochemical record of copper, lead and zinc pollution for the last four millennia. Two cores were extracted from Borth Bog, one from the raised ombrotrophic part of the bog and another from a minerotrophic part of Borth Bog close to the ancient copper workings at Llancynfelin. Although peat stratigraphy and nutrient status have influenced the geochemical record, the results suggest that an early phase of copper and lead pollution occurred at Llancynfelin whilst lead enrichment occurred in the peat core taken close to the centre of Borth Bog during the Bronze Age and the Roman occupation. Therefore the origins of copper and lead mining and metallurgy possibly extend back to the Bronze Age in central Wales. No record of historical pollution exists at either site. The results of this study also provide further evidence that lead and copper are immobile in ombrotrophic peat and that pollution records can be elucidated from minerotrophic peat. Zinc, however, may have suffered from post-depositional mobility.     

Preliminary assessment of a wreck in the Red River, Choctaw County, Oklahoma, USA

This paper reports the initial recording of an early riverboat wreck located in the Red River between Oklahoma and Texas. The wreck is probably the Caddo lost in 1842. The visible wreckage is described and the history of the Caddo is discussed. This is the earliest western rivers steamboat investigated by archaeologists to date.     

海洋文化记忆的建构与传承:国家海洋博物馆文化展示的视觉逻辑

国家海洋博物馆以一种双重视觉性展现了海洋文化特色,形塑了观众对海洋的认识,体现了人与海洋的互动,并帮助海洋文明获得了现代语义上的连续性.国家海洋博物馆的文化展示以展品陈列、情境塑造和参与式设计实现了公众对海洋知识与文化记忆的保存与再生产,在视觉建构上推动了个人与群体、真实与想象、文化与历史的多重对话.这种展示通过保存真...     

Maritime Culture in the Netherlands: accessing the late medieval maritime cultural landscapes of the north‐eastern Zuiderzee

This paper examines the theory and practice of the maritime cultural landscape in general, and projects the theoretical concepts and aspects involved on the highly dynamic late medieval north‐eastern Zuiderzee region in the Netherlands. The cultivation of land and marine erosion (floods and rising sea level) are considered as the main factors that caused the transformation of the physical landscape of this region from peatlands with freshwater basins into a tidal lagoon. As a consequence, multiple settlements drowned, large areas of land submerged, and culture and the landscape gradually became more maritime, giving the research area a cultural identity and dimension.