中国世界近代史专业委员会会议预告

中国世界近代史专业委员会将于2008年11月上旬在武汉召开年会暨学术讨论会,会议由华中师范大学历史文化学院和武汉大学历史学院共同承办,学术会议的主题:1.改革开放三十年的中国世界近代史研究;2.面向未来的世界近代史研究:新理论、新方法、新方向和新资料。会议的通知和邀请函     

陈独秀与中国近代史研究

陈独秀是中国早期的马克思主义者,他在五四时期对鸦片战争以来的中国近代史作了比较系统的研究,与同时期的李大钊一样是中国近代史研究的开创者.陈独秀以唯物史观为指导,从西方列强入侵中国和中国社会自身的变化来分析近代中国的社会性质,认为近代中国的生产方式发生变动,政治上成为"半殖民地",进而提出民主革命是近代中国社会的历史主题,反帝反封建是民主革命的基本任务.陈独秀还以"革命史"观看待近代中国的重大历史事件,对义和团运动、戊戌维新、辛亥革命、五四运动等历史事件在中国民主革命的历史地位进行了比较细致的研究,深化了对近代中国历史的认识.从中国近代史研究的近百年历程看,陈独秀对中国近代史的研究为近代史研究"革命史范式"的建立做了基础性的工作,是近代史研究"革命史范式"的重要开创者.     

2006年中国近代史论著目录

论文一、总论、专题2005年中国近代史研究综述.虞和平.近代史研究,5关于近代史研究的几点思考.朱东安.历史档案,2论20世纪20年代的中国近代史研究.储著武.安徽史学,2民族危机刺激下近代历史文化认同面临的紧迫课题.陈其泰.人文杂志,3中国近代史研究的两大基本理论范式.蔡礼强.甘肃社会科学,3“区域化”趋向与近代史研究.王先明.学术月刊,3从徽学研究看区域化的中国近代史研究.唐力行.学术月刊,3评中国近代史研究中的一些重大分歧.林华国.高校理论战线,3新社会史视野下的中国近代史研究.孙江.史学月刊,5不要在“假设”上浪费时间.朱宗震.近代…     

悼念大年同志

1999年12月28日,刘大年同志逝世了。噩耗传来,我深感悲痛。大年同志是名的马克思主义历史学家和社会活动家。他在研究中国近代史,创办近代史研究所和《历史研究》、《近代史研究》刊物,在组织和领导近代史学术活动及发展马克思主义历史科学事业中做出了重要的贡献。     

2005年中国近代史论著目录

论文一、总论、专题20世纪中国近代史学科体系问题的探索.张海鹏.近代史研究,1关于近代中国“两半”社会性质总理论的由来.周兴.历史教学,2中国近代史上下限新论.李殿元、李君惠.文史杂志,2中国近代历史的几个根本问题.金冲及.中共党史研究,3论中国战略文化的近代流变.杜永吉.军事历史研究,3近现代中国和中国研究中的文化双重性.黄宗智.开放时代,4三个历史漩涡与三次历史超越:20世纪中国的历史创造.赵凌云.江汉论坛,4近代中国民族精神重构中的经验之思与形上之思.欧阳彬.山西师大学报,5中国近代社会不是“小资产阶级汪洋大海”.肖铁肩.求…     

1992年中国近代史论著索引

一、总论(中文部分) 论文 现代化的影响孙立平社会学 研究2期 近四十年来史论关系研究综述蒋大为发展中里近.代史研究而努力王庆 成史学理论研究1期中国近代史研究的回顾与展望李侃 李占领历史教学4期马克思主义与中国近代史研究—中 国近代史研究的历史回顾周新 国江海学刊2期1991年中国近代史研究述评汪朝光 近代史研究5期一年来若干学术讨论综述(近代史) 木土学术月刊2期1991年的中国现代史研究:回顾与展望 高峻吴国安党史研究与教 学2期关于加强“世界与近代中国”问题研究 的建议俞旦初史学理论研究4 期关于中国近代史主题和线索的再思…     

2001年中国近代史论著目录

论　文一、总　论关于近代史研究“新范式”的若干思考 .吴剑杰 .近代史研究 ,2史料学的内容与研究史料的方法 .李良玉 .安徽大学学报 ,1要多研究转型期的历史 :专论中国近代历史转型期的某些变化 .来新夏 .福建论坛 ,5俯瞰中国近代的新视角 .〔日〕沟口雄三 .清史研究 ,1中日两国近代化殊途探因 .罗肇前 .史学月刊 ,6近代中日比较研究综述 .李少军 .近代史研究 ,4中日现代化比较研究一百年 .田毅鹏 .世界历史 ,3中国近代社会发展的衰微机理 .佟玉华 .东岳论丛 ,4资本主义在中国历史中的定位 .姜义华 .史林 ,2中国现代化的开端与资本主义起…     

第七期“中国近代史论坛”征文启事

2018年9月,《近代史研究》杂志社将与河北大学历史学院合作举办第七期“中国近代史论坛”,主题是“历史的空间与空间的历史：多重视角下的中国近代区域史研究”。本次论坛将采取邀请和征文相结合的组织方式,兹诚征从政治、经济、社会、文化各个方面探讨近代中国区域史的论文。     

1991年中国近代史论著索引(中文部分)

论文一、总论近代史研究所建所40周年学术讨论会综 述蔡京柱近代史研究1期 “帝国主义侵略与近代中国社会发展” 研讨会综述王顺生教学与研究 1期1986一199。年中国近代史研究概述曾 景忠史学月刊5期怎样选择中国近代史研究的突破口张 连起学术研究1期研究中国近代史应树立新坐标姜秉正 学术研究I期反帝反封建是近代中国历史的主题吴 康零社会科学研究1期关于中国近代史线索间题的新思考关 威河北学刊3期‘两个过程.与中国近代史基本线索自 议宋德华学术研究4期屈辱.抗争.探索—谈谈中国近现代史 的基本线索彭明历史教学5期也谈110年中国近…     

2002年中国近代史论著目录

论　文一、总论、专题2 0 0 0年中国近代史研究学术动态概述 张海鹏 近代史研究 ,1推进新世纪的中国近代史研究 :“中国近代史研究的回顾与前瞻”研讨会纪要 张越、黄静 高校理论战线 ,6见之于行事 :中国近代史研究的可能走向 :兼及史料、理论与表述 罗志田 历史研究 ,1中国近现代史研究的“现代化范式” :对两种批评意见的反批评 周东华 学术界 ,5关于中国近代史的分期问题 李良玉 福建论坛·人文版 ,1新民主主义革命开端研究概述及思考 黄爱军 党史研究与教学 ,2孔祥熙何曾刺慈禧 :兼评当前史学研究中的浮躁病与趋利症 赵荣…     

LEAD GLAZES IN ANTIQUITY—METHODS OF PRODUCTION AND REASONS FOR USE*

Transparent high lead and tin-opacified lead-alkali glazes have been extensively used throughout Europe and the Near East from their first appearance in the Roman era and the tenth- to eleventh-century Islamic world, respectively, up until the present day. Using, to a large extent, information which is widely scattered through a diverse range of literature, the methods employed in the production of these two glaze types are first outlined and their merits are then compared with those of alkali glazes in terms of ease of preparation of the glaze mixture, ease of application of the glaze, ease of firing, cost of production, glaze-body fit and visual appearance. The principal advantages of transparent high lead glazes as compared to alkali glazes are shown to be ease of preparation and application of the glaze suspension, low susceptibility to glaze ‘crazing’ and ‘crawling’ and high, optical brilliance. Factors that influence the choice of tin-opacified lead-alkali glazes include ease of production of tin oxide by melting tin and lead metals together; a reduced risk of reduction of lead oxide to lead metal and consequent blackening of the glaze; and, again, low susceptibility to ‘crazing’ and ‘crawling’. Limits of current knowledge regarding these two glaze types and requirements for future research are outlined.     

Die Einheit der Wissenschaftssprache. Einige wissenschaftstheoretische und wissenschaftshistorische Anmerkungen

Among those conceptions of the history of science which deal with the formation of theories is the concept of the unity of science. This unity is in turn based on the unity of scientific method, the unity of scientific laws and the unity of the language of science. After a systematic explication of modern approaches, historical conceptions of the unity of the language of science are described and analyzed. To these belong first of all the idea of a mathesis universalis and the so called Leibniz program, which leads to the architecture of a Leibniz world.     

Nerven‐Saiten‐Stimmung. Zum Wandel einer Denkfigur zwischen Musik und Wissenschaft 1750–1850

‘Stimmung’. The Career of a Concept in Music and Science between 1750 and 1850. The German word ‘Stimmung’ originally refers to the musical praxis of tuning instruments. Whereas the English concepts of ‘tonus’ and ‘atunement’ used to describe the physical status of the body developed independently from the psychological ‘mood’, ‘Stimmung’ was used metaphorically in both physiology and psychology in the discussed period. This leads to various interrelations between the areas of knowledge involved. The paper investigates these on a synchronic and diachronic level. By concentrating a) on the analogy between musical strings and nerve fibres within the framework of a mechanistic conception of the body and b) on the metaphoric use of ‘Stimmung’ as a psychological concept describing the general mood of an individual, it becomes evident that the different metaphorical adaptations do not only have consequences within the specific area of knowledge, but also lead to distinct interpretations of musical effect. The second half of the paper concentrates on the diachronic development of ‘Stimmung’ in physiology and analyses the shifts within the semantic field of the metaphor occurring during the transformation from a mechanical to an organic conception of the body. On a theoretical level the emphasis lies on the conceptual potential of vague metaphors and the function of marginal metaphors in periods of theory change. In this context the results question Thomas Kuhns theory of an abrupt, gestaltlike change of theory by emphasizing the importance of continuous shifts within the semantic fields of vague metaphors.     

An 8000-year history of landscape,climate, and copper exploitation in the Middle East: the Wadi Faynan and the Wadi Dana National Reserve in southern Jordan

Investigations of geomorphology, geoarchaeology, pollen, palynofacies, and charcoal indicate the comparative scales and significance of palaeoenvironmental changes throughout the Holocene at the junction between the hyper-arid hot Wadi 'Arabah desert and the front of the Mediterranean-belt Mountains of Edom in southern Jordan through a series of climatic changes and episodes of intense mining and smelting of copper ores. Early Holocene alluviation followed the impact of Neolithic grazers but climate drove fluvial geomorphic change in the Late Holocene, with a major arid episode corresponding chronologically with the ‘Little Ice Age’ causing widespread alluviation. The harvesting of wood for charcoal may have been sufficiently intense and widespread to affect the capacity of intensively harvested tree species to respond to a period of greater precipitation deduced for the Roman–Byzantine period – a property that affects both taphonomic and biogeographical bases for the interpretation of palynological evidence from arid-lands with substantial industrial histories. Studies of palynofacies have provided a record of human and climatic causes of soil erosion, and the changing intensity of the use of fire over time. The patterns of vegetational, climatic change and geomorphic changes are set out for this area for the last 8000 years.     

Prologue to a contextual archaeology

The thesis of this essay is that a gap presently exists between the research interests of modern scientific archaeology and the research methodology which structures archaeological investigation. It is argued that this is a function of the traditional objectives of archaeology, and that a methodology justified by a distinctive set of goals is necessary to produce studies more closely related to present archaeological concerns. The traditional goals of archaeology are here characterized as the historical result of prior interests, reinforced by the character of formal programmes of graduate study. The set of distinctive goals identified in the essay derives from assessment of the significance of methodologies appropriate to the investigation of palaeoenvironments in modelling prehistoric cultural systems and subsystems.The proposed methodology is substantively, as well as substantially, different from methodologies in present use. I have called it Contextual Archaeology in recognition of its debt to the statement of an archaeologically-significant method Butzer (1978) has advanced under the name Contextual Approach. It is argued here that contextual archaeology, despite practical problems, is both a productive and an implementable alternative.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

IDENTIFICATION,PROCESSING AND USE OF RED PIGMENTS (HEMATITE AND CINNABAR) IN THE VALENCIAN EARLY NEOLITHIC (SPAIN)

The results of the first elemental and structural physicochemical analyses (SEM–EDX, TXRF, XRD, FTIR, GC and EDXRF) of Early Neolithic red pigment samples from the region of Valencia confirm one of the earliest uses of cinnabar (HgS) in Spain (5300 to 5000 cal bc ). They also inform on the storage of massive quantities of hematite and the development of specific technologies of hematite‐based paint production and use. The samples were recovered at the three most significant Early Neolithic sites of the Mediterranean coast of Spain: Cova de l'Or (Beniarrés, Alacant), Cova de la Sarsa (Bocairent, Valencia) and Cova Fosca (Vall d'Ebo, Valencia), which together have provided the most important European collection of Cardial ceramic ware (chronoculturally diagnostic of the Early Neolithic).     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

HISTORY AND ITS DEAD

Thomas Laqueur has brought together half a century of research on modern European mortuary culture into an impressive narrative of how the Christian churchyard was replaced by the modern cemetery, how interment was partly replaced by the technology of cremation, and how writing and preserving the names of the dead coincided with democratization and social reform. Beyond the grand narrative of the history of modern burial, he also shows how the modern culture of history and memory is intertwined with the transformation of mortuary practices. On a deeper level, he points toward new ways of conceptualizing the relation between the living and the dead, leading up toward, if not fully confronting, the challenge that propels his own endeavor, namely the existential‐ontological predicament of living after those who have been and the nature of spectrality.     

THE UNRESOLVED PROBLEMS OF LATE CRITICAL THEORY

Martin Jay's sweeping account of reason in Western philosophy provides the context for understanding the crisis that the Frankfurt School thinkers faced when they spoke of the “eclipse of reason.” In the background of the thinking of the first generation of Frankfurt thinkers such as Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno, and Herbert Marcuse is a hankering for a more substantive conception of reason that bears affinities with what Hegel called Vernunft (reason), which he contrasted with Verstand (understanding). According to Jay, the first generation of Frankfurt thinkers never quite succeeded in elaborating this substantive concept of reason and grew increasingly pessimistic in the face of the self‐destruction of reason. Habermas sought to elaborate a communicative theory of rationality that did not fall into the misleading promises of Hegelian Vernunft but could nevertheless provide a normative basis for the critique of instrumental, strategic, and systems rationality—a normative basis for critical theory. Jay presents an extremely lucid account of Jürgen Habermas's theory of communicative rationality. He concludes by reviewing some of the outstanding problems and questions that have been raised about the adequacy and success of Habermas's project. I seek to do justice to the strengths and weaknesses of Jay's narrative, and I focus on a number of deep, unresolved issues that confront the future of critical theory in its attempt to develop an adequate conception of rationality. I also raise concerns about what precisely is distinctive about critical theory today.