The Merchant Adventurers of England: The Place of the Adventurers of York and the North in the Late Middle Ages

Abstract

The 1478 complaint of the northern adventurers over their alleged ill-treatment by the governor of the Londoners is the starting point for this investigation. The Merchant Adventurers of England was the popular name for the Merchants of the Nation of England trading to the Parties of Brabant, Flanders, Holland and Zeeland. Its religious fraternity was dedicated to St Thomas Becket. Its first grant of privileges was from Brabant in 1296, and its governor was made permanent and salaried in 1421. The wool merchants, including those of York, were prominent in the company until their transfer to Calais. With the decline of the wool trade and the rise of the English cloth industry, the dominant role passed to those merchants who exported cloth to the Low Countries. In York, the Mercers, the dry-goods merchants, benefited from this change, and became the leading mercantile guild of the city, incorporated in 1430. Northern adventurers suffered from considerable competition from those of London, who were numerically always able to control decisions made at the overseas meetings, and they in their turn were dominated by the Mercers of London. The complaints of 1478, nevertheless, greatly misrepresented the situation, and all branches of the company benefited from the increased privileges acquired for the English by the governor at this date in Antwerp and elsewhere. Trading conditions had again changed by the time the York Mercers were re-incorporated as the Society of Merchant Adventurers of the City of York in 1580.     

Salamander's Wool: The Historical Evidence for Textiles Woven with Asbestos Fibre

Abstract

In 1684 Members of the Royal Society of London discussed the nature of a type of woven cloth described as incombustible linen, or salamander's wool. It was an attempt to explain scientifically the phenomenon described in many cultures over more than 1,500 years, of a cloth which could be immersed in fire and emerge, not only unburnt, but even cleansed. Such cloth is known to have been woven using fibres from the mineral asbestos. This paper explores the evidence for the historical use of asbestos fibre in woven textiles before its rediscovery and commercial development for fire protection in the nineteenth century.     

The Macclesfield Silk Button Industry: The Probate Evidence

Abstract

Most histories of the silk industry in England begin with the arrival of French refugees to Spitalfields in London, yet silk was prepared for embroidery in Macclesfield by the Middle Ages and the silk button trade was well-established by the early modern period. Through the study of probate evidence, this article aims to redress the imbalance in the historiography of the silk industry in England away from the focus on the activities of the Huguenots in the early modern period, and away from the silk weaving in order to show that the silk button industry succeeded not through technical innovation, but through marketing a luxury item in sufficiently small packages to make it accessible to a wide portion of the population. The silk button industry can be viewed as having laid the foundations in east Cheshire for the transformation of the silk industry into weaving cloth in the mid-eighteenth century.     

Changing views of women in society, 1975

Ernestine Friedl. Women and Men: An Anthropologist's View. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1975. xi + 148 pp. Illustrations, map, references, and relevant case studies. $3.50 (paper).

M. Kay Martin and Barbara Voorhies. The Female of the Species. New York and London: Columbia University Press, 1975. x + 432 pp. Tables, figures, illustrations, references, and index. $15.00 (cloth), $6.50 (paper).

Evelyn Reed. Woman's Evolution: From Matriarchal Clan to Patriarchal Family. New York: Pathfinder Press, 1975. xviii + 491 pp. Glossary, Bibliography, and index. $15. (cloth), $4.95 (paper).     

Easton & Anderson and the water supply of Antwerp (Belgium)

Abstract

Investigation into the origin and establishment of the Antwerp Waterworks Company Limited (AWW), revealed that the engineering firm of Easton & Anderson (E&A), of London and Erith, which had purchased the concession for supplying water to the City of Antwerp, were able to interest water companies in London and southern England in investing in the new business. Through their engineers, the influence of E&A lasted until the expiration of the Antwerp concession in 1930. Faced with problems with the quality of the raw water source, they had to work out specific treatment techniques. From 1881 to 1885, Bischof's spongy iron filter was used in combination with sand filters. This application proved unsuccessful, so that Anderson developed his revolving purifier, the operation of which was also based on the action of iron on water. These 'revolvers' were used for the Antwerp supply from 1885 until 1914. The process subsequently became widely used at other sites all over the world. E&A also supplied the heavy pumping machinery to AWW, consisting of two screw pumps, four rotative beam engines, a steam-driven Appold centrifugal pump, a triple expansion engine and all the plunger pumps. The author describes the above-mentioned treatment techniques and pumping machinery, and expands on the English character of the former Antwerp water supply company.     

The Ossett Mill Company

Abstract

The history of Joint-Stock Company Woollen Mills exhibits a singular instance of energy amongst the smaller capitalists of the manufacturing districts…. the clothiers of certain country districts, such as Farsley, Idle, Eccleshill, Batley, Dewsbury, etc, put their heads together, and subsequently their purses…by erecting mills at home, to scribble their own wool and full their own cloth …. In the formation of a company mill a number of clothiers (for they must be clothiers to be partners) of small capital meet together and determine to become a company of so many partners, from ten to fifty, in shares generally of £25 each, each person taking as many shares as his capital will enable him…. With this subscribed capital deeds of partnership are drawn, land is bought, a mill erected, and machinery put up …. The processes which are carried on in these company mills are scribbling, carding, slubbing, and fulling cloth, which are the preparatory processes of the cloth manufacture, and the remaining processes—viz, spinning, warping, weaving, and burling—are done at home by members of the family or by persons employed for that purpose.     

Historical and zooarchaeological evidence of horn-working in post-medieval London

Abstract

The 1641 list of members of the Horners' Company, parish registers and apprentice rolls provide information on the location of the horn-working industry in east London, on family relationships and on how horners' careers may have developed. Sawn cattle horncores distinguish horn-working deposits from butchers' and tanners' waste. Horn waste was used as a cheap substitute for brick to line pits in workshops of other trades and in houses and to line field drains in the nearby countryside.     

The Linen Industry of Shropshire

Abstract

The discovery in 1975 of part of Charles Bage's iron framed Castlefields flax mill led the author to study Shropshire's other linen factories and the domestic manufacture of linen and ropes during the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The manufacture of linen by cottagers and farmers from home grown hemp survived, alongside the factories, into the nineteenth century. The hempen cloth produced in Shropshire was rarely sold at markets or fairs, and was made mainly by country families for their own use. The survival of such a cottage industry into the nineteenth century was rare in England, and the existence of a workforce skilled in the preparation and manufacture of hemp and flax was probably one of the factors which influenced Shropshire entrepreneurs to manufacture linen in their factories, rather than cotton.     

Asia in the history of cartography

The History of Cartography, Volume Two, Book One: Cartography in the Traditional Islamic and South Asian Societies. Edited by J. B. Harley and David Woodward. Chicago and London: Chicago University Press, 1992. ISBN 0 226 31635 1. Pp xxiv, 579, 355 illus., 40 coloured plates. US$143.75 (cloth).

The History of Cartography, Volume Two, Book Two: Cartography in the Traditional East and Southeast Asian Societies. Edited by J. B. Harley and David Woodward. Chicago and London: Chicago University Press, 1995. ISBN 0226 31637 8. Pp xxviii, 1,040, 503 illus., 40 coloured plates. US$195.00 (cloth).     

Dermatoglyphics at your fingertips

Jamshed Mavalwala, ed. Dermatoglyphics, An International Perspective. The Hague and London: Mouton Publishers (distributed in North America by Aldine Publishing Company), 1978. 383 pp. Tables, figures, bibliographical notes, and indexes. $40.00, cloth.

Mavalwala, ed., Dermatoglyphics, an International Prespective     

Culture and Know-How in the 'Satanic Mills': A Response

Abstract

Richard Biernacki's article in a recent issue of this journal (33:2, 2002) has suggested that up until the First World War the textile industries in Britain were in a primitive state, using machinery which was crudely engineered and thus unpredictable in operation. This response argues that this view is incorrect through examination of wage lists in the Lancashire cotton industry. While it is true that the industry depended on tacit knowledge in certain areas, its machinery met contemporary engineering standards and could be set accurately to produce the yarn and cloth required. The wage lists depended on this accuracy.     

Structure,control, and the evolution of power

Richard Newbold Adams. Energy and Structure: A Theory of Social Power. Austin and London: University of Texas Press. 1975. xviii + 353 pp. Figures, tables, references, and index. $15.00 cloth, $4.95 paper.     

Power,Energy and Structure

Richard Newbold Adams. Energy and Structure: A Theory of Social Power. Austin and London: University of Texas Press, 1975. xviii + 353 pp. Figures, tables, references and index. $15.00 cloth, $4.95 paper.     

Book reviews

English Maps: A History. By Catherine Delano‐Smith and Roger J. P. Kain. London: The British library, 1999. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1999. ISBN 0 7123 4609 0 (cloth); 0 7123 4660 0 (paper). Pp. xiv, 320, illus., col. plates. STG£25.00 (cloth).

Abraham Ortelius and the First Atlas: Essays Commemorating the Quadricentennial of his Death, 1598–1998. Edited by Marcel van den Broecke, Peter van der Krogt and Peter Meurer. Utrecht: HES Publishers, 1998. ISBN 90 6194 388 4. Pp. 430, illus.,. 19 col. plates. DFL371.00(cloth).

A Biographical Index of East India Company Maritime Service Officers 1600–1834. By Anthony Farrington. London: The British Library, 1999. ISBN 0 7123 4647 3. Pp. 886. STG£85.00 (cloth).

Catalogue of East India Company Ships’ Journals and Logs 1600–1834. By Anthony Farrington. London: The British Library, 1999. ISBN 0 7123 4646 5. Pp. 789. STG£85.00 (doth).

Ordnance Survey Small‐Scale Maps: Indexes: 1801–1998. By Roger Hellyer. Kerry, Newtown, Montgomeryshire: David Archer, 1999. ISBN 0951757954. Pp. xxiv, 264, illus. STG£35.00 (cloth). [David Archer, Kerry, Wales SY16 . 4PD.]     

British anthropologists and African railwaymen

R. D. Grillo. African Railwaymen: Solidarity and Opposition in an East African Labour Force. New York and London: Cambridge University Press, 1974. xi + 215 pp. Figures, tables, appendixes, bibliography, and index. $15.00 (cloth).     

Desmond's Huxley: The Biopic

Huxley: The Devil's Disciple, vol. 1. By Adrian Desmond (London: Michael Joseph, 1994) xvii + 475 pp. £20.00 cloth.

Huxley: Evolution's High Priest, vol. 2. By Adrian Desmond (London: Michael Joseph, 1997) xiv + 370 pp. £27.00 cloth.     

Feature Reviews

Abstract

Deutsch, Kenneth L., and John A. Murley, eds. Leo Strauss, the Straussians, and the Study of the American Regime Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield 467 pp., $70.00 cloth, $29.95 paper ISBN 0-8476-8691-4 cloth, ISBN 0-8476-8692-2 paper Publication Date: October 1999

UNITED STATES: Politics and Public Policy: McElroy, John Harmon American Beliefs: What Keeps a Big Country and a Diverse People United Chicago: Ivan R. Dee 260 pp., $25.00 cloth, $14.95 paper ISBN 1-56663-231-5 cloth ISBN 1-56663-314-1 paper Publication Date: April 1999

Leo, Richard A., and George C. Thomas III, eds. The Miranda Debate: Law, Justice, and Policing Boston: Northeastern University Press 339 pp., $24.95 paper, $55.00 cloth ISBN 1-55553-338-8 cloth ISBN 1-55553-422-8 paper Publication Date: February 2000

Bums, James MacGregor, and Georgia J. Sorenson Dead Center: Clinton-Gore Leadership and the Perils of Moderation New York: Simon and Schuster 416 pp., $27.50, ISBN 0-684-83778-1 Publication Date: November 1999

Freeman, Jo, and Victoria Johnson, eds. Waves of Protest: Social Movements since the Sixties Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield 381 pp., $72.00 cloth, $23.95 paper ISBN 0-8476-8747-3 cloth ISBN 0-8476-8748-1 paper Publication Date: June 1999

Peters, Shawn Francis Judging Jehovah's Witnesses: Religious Persecution and the Dawn of the Rights Revolution Lawrence: University Press of Kansas 342 pp., $34.95, ISBN 0-7006-1008-1 Publication Date: April 2000

Pryor, Frederic L., and David L. Schaffer Who's Not Working and Why: Employment, Cognitive Skills, Wages, and the Changing U.S. Labor Market New York: Cambridge University Press 300 pp., $34.95, ISBN 0-521-65152-2 Publication Date: January 1999

Weber, Ronald E., and Paul Brace, eds. American State and Local Politics: Directions for the Twenty-first Century New York: Seven Bridges Press/Chatham House 361 pp., $29.95 paper ISBN 1-56643-071-2 paper Publication Date: September 1999

McAvoy, Gregory E. Controlling Technocracy: Citizen Rationality and the NIMBY Syndrome Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press 168 pp., $55.00 cloth, $18.95 paper ISBN 0-87840-740-5 cloth ISBN 0-87840-741-3 paper Publication Date: October 1999

Uslaner, Eric M. The Movers and the Shirkers: Representatives and Ideologues in the Senate Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press 234 pp., $44.50, ISBN 0-472-10943-X Publication Date: September 1999

Mazur, Eric Michael The Americanization of Religious Minorities: Confronting the Constitutional Order Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press 196 pp., $38.00, ISBN 0-8018-6220-5 Publication Date: November 1999

Sharpe, Elaine B., ed. Culture Wars and Local Politics Lawrence: University Press of Kansas 250 pp., $35.00 cloth. $16.95 paper ISBN 0-7006-0935-0 cloth ISBN 0-7006-0936-9 paper Publication Date: 1999

Orr, Marion Black Social Capital: The Politics of School Reform in Baltimore, 1986-1998 Lawrence: University Press of Kansas 241 pp., $35.00 cloth, $17.95 paper ISBN 0-7006-0981-4 cloth ISBN 0-7006-0982-2 paper Publication Date: October 1999

Scotchie, Joseph, ed. The Paleoconservatives: New Voices of the Old Right New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction 212 pp., $29.95, ISBN 1-56000-427-4 Publication Date: April 1999

Lamis, Alexander P., ed. Southern Politics in the 1990s Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press 490 pp., $39.95, ISBN 0-8071-2374-9 Publication Date: September 1999

Phillips, Kimberley L. Alabama North: African-American Migrants, Community, and Working-Class Activism in Cleveland, 1915-1945 Champaign: University of Illinois Press 334 pp., $59.95 cloth, $21.95 paper ISBN 0-252-02477-X cloth ISBN 0-252-06793-2 paper Publication Date: December 1999

Horwitz, Morton J. The Warren Court and the Pursuit of Justice: A Critical Issue New York: Hill and Wang 132 pp., $10.00 paper ISBN 0-8090-1625-7 paper Publication Date: April 1999

Portz, John, Lana Stein, and Robin R. Jones City Schools and City Politics: Institutions and Leadership in Pittsburgh, Boston, and St. Louis Lawrence: University Press of Kansas 199 pp., $35.00 cloth, $16.95 paper ISBN 0-7006-0979-2 cloth ISBN 0-7006-0980-6 paper Publication Date: September 1999

Jones, Charles O. Clinton and Congress, 1993-1996: Risk, Restoration, and Reelection Norman: University of Oklahoma Press 221 pp., $26.95, ISBN 0-8061-3164-0 Publication Date: October 1999

UNITED STATES: Foreign Policy and National Security: Luck, Edward C. Mixed Messages: American Politics and International Organization, 1919-1999 Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press 374 pp. + xvii, $49.95 cloth, $19.95 paper ISBN 0-8157-5308-X cloth ISBN 0-8157-5307-1 paper Publication Date: November 1999

Ninkovich, Frank The Wilsonian Century: U.S. Foreign Policy since 1900 Chicago: University of Chicago Press 320 pp., $27.50, ISBN 0-226-58648-0 Publication Date: January 1999

Carothers, Thomas Aiding Democracy Abroad: The Learaing Curve Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 408 pp., $39.95 cloth, $19.95 paper ISBN 0-87003-168-6 cloth ISBN 0-87003-169-4 paper Publication Date: November 1999

Cossa, Ralph A., ed. U.S.-Korea-Japan Relations: Building toward a “Virtual Alliance” Washington, DC: CSIS Press 207 pp., $21.95 paper ISBN 0-89206-358-0 paper Publication Date: December 1999

Gienow-Hecht, Jessica C. E. Transmission Impossible: American Journalism as Cultural Diplomacy in Postwar Germany, 1945-1955 Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press 230 pp., $47.50 cloth, $22.50 paper ISBN 0-8071-2310-2 cloth ISBN 0-8071-2409-5 paper Publication Date: November 1999

Mermin, Jonathan Debating War and Peace: Media Coverage of U.S. Intervention in the Post-Vietnam Era Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press 162 pp., $45.00 cloth, $14.95 paper ISBN 0-691-00533-8 cloth ISBN 0-691-00534-6 paper Publication Date: January 1999

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA: Grandin, Greg The Blood of Guatemala: A History of Race and Nation Durham, NC: Duke University Press 343 pp., $54.95 cloth, $18.95 paper ISBN 0-8223-2458-X cloth ISBN 0-8223-2495-4 paper Publication Date: June 2000

Hanchard, Michael, ed. Racial Politics in Contemporary Brazil Durham, NC: Duke University Press 225 pp., $49.95 cloth, $17.95 paper ISBN 0-8223-2252-8 cloth ISBN 0-8223-2272-2 paper Publication Date: September 1999

Pollack, Marcelo The New Right in Chile, 1973-1997 New York: St. Martin's Press 235 pp., $65.00, ISBN 0-312-22278-5 Publication Date: November 1999

EUROPE/COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES: Sherrington, Philippa The Council of Ministers: Political Authority in the European Union New York: Pinter 213 pp., $69.95 cloth, $24.95 paper ISBN 1-85567-594-3 cloth ISBN 1-85567-721-0 paper Publication Date: April 2000

Dallin, Alexander, and F. I. Firsov, eds.; trans. Vadim A. Staklo (documents) Dimitrov and Stalin, 1934-1943: Letters from the Soviet Archives New Haven, CT: Yale University Press 278 pp., $35.00, ISBN 0-300-08021-2 Publication Date: April 2000

DeClair, Edward G. Politics on the Fringe: The People, Policies, and Organization of the French National Front Durham, NC: Duke University Press 261 pp., $49.95 cloth, $17.95 paper ISBN 0-8223-2237-4 cloth ISBN 0-8223-2139-4 paper Publication Date: August 1999

Ayçoberry, Pierre; trans. Janet Lloyd The Social History of the Third Reich, 1933-1945 New York: New Press 380 pp., $30.00, ISBN 1-56584-549-8 Publication Date: 1999

Huskey, Eugene Presidential Power in Russia Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe 295 pp., $64.95 cloth, $24.95 paper ISBN 1-56324-536-1 cloth ISBN 1-56324-537-X paper Publication Date: September 1999

AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST: Inbar, Efraim Rabin and Israel's National Security Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press/Woodrow Wilson Center Press 276 pp., $32.00, ISBN 0-8018-6217-5 Publication Date: March 1999

Lynch, Marc State Interests and Public Spheres: The International Politics of Jordan's Identity New York: Columbia University Press 327 pp., $49.50 cloth, $18.50 paper ISBN 0-231-11322-6 cloth ISBN 0-231-11323-4 paper Publication Date: September 1999

ASIA AND THE PACIFIC: Baker, Richard W., M. Hadi Soesastro, J. Kristiadi, and Douglas E. Ramage, eds. Indonesia: The Challenge of Change New York: St. Martin's Press 305 pp., $55.00, ISBN 0-312-22261-0 Publication Date: July 1999

Zheng, Yongnian Discovering Chinese Nationalism in China: Modernization, Identity, and International Relations New York: Cambridge University Press 189 pp., $64.95 cloth, $19.95 paper ISBN 0-521-64180-2 cloth ISBN 0-521-64590-5 paper Publication Date: April 1999

Oi, Jean C., and Andrew G. Walder, eds. Property Rights and Economic Reform in China Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press 354 pp., $60.00 cloth, $22.95 paper ISBN 0-8047-3456-9 cloth ISBN 0-8047-3788-6 paper Publication Date: Septmenber 1999

Jumper, Roy Davis Linville Orang Asli Now: The Orang Asli in the Malaysian Political World Lanham, MD: University Press of America 204 pp., $48.00, ISBN 0-7618-1441-8 Publication Date: August 1999

Gong, Gerrit W., ed. Taiwan Strait Dilemmas: China-Taiwan-U.S. Policies in the New Century Washington, DC: CSIS Press 171 pp., $21.95 paper ISBN 0-89206-363-7 paper Publication Date: March 2000

Ruffin, M. Holt, and Daniel C. Waugh, eds. Civil Society in Central Asia Seattle: University of Washington Press 331 pp., $19.95 paper ISBN 0-295-97795-7 paper Publication Date: July 1999

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, LAW, AND ORGANIZATION: Morgan, Patrick M., and Keith L. Nelson, eds. Re-Viewing the Cold War: Domestic Factors and Foreign Policy in the East-West Confrontation Westport, CT: Praeger 223 pp., $69.50 cloth, $24.95 paper ISBN 0-275-96636-4 cloth ISBN 0-275-96637-2 paper Publication Date: March 2000

Becker, David G., and Richard L. Sklar, eds. Postimperialism and World Politics Westport, CT: Praeger 393 pp., $69.50, ISBN 0-275-96613-5 Publication Date: July 1999

Levering, Ralph, and Miriam L. Levering Citizen Action for Global Change: The Neptune Group and Law of the Sea Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press 189 pp., $19.95 paper ISBN 0-8156-2794-7 paper Publication Date: January 1999

Clarke, Desmond M., and Charles Jones, eds. The Rights of Nations: Nations and Nationalism in a Changing World New York: St. Martin's Press 208 pp., $59.95 cloth, $18.95 paper ISBN 0-312-22594-6 cloth ISBN 0-312-22595-4 paper Publication Date: September 1999

Krasner, Stephen D. Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press 264 pp., $49.50 cloth, $16.95 paper ISBN 0-691-00702-0 cloth ISBN 0-691-00711-X paper Publication Date: September 1999

COMPARATIVE POLITICS: Christensen, Tom, and B. Guy Peters Structure, Culture, and Governance: A Comparison of Norway and the United States Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield 194 pp., $65.00 cloth, $22.95 paper ISBN 0-8476-9313-9 cloth ISBN 0-8476-9314-7 paper Publication Date: September 1999

Setälä, Maija Referendums and Democratic Government: Normative Theory and the Analysis of Institutions New York: St. Martin's Press 200 pp., $69.95, ISBN 0-312-22101-0 Publication Date: May 1999

THEORY AND METHODOLOGY: Duncan, Christopher M. Fugitive Theory: Political Theory, the Southern Agrarians, and America Lanham, MD: Lexington Books 243 pp., $69.00, ISBN 0-7391-0088-2 Publication Date: December 1999

Walzer, Michael, Menachem Lorberbaum, and Noam J. Zohar, eds.; and Yair Lorberbaum, coeditor The Jewish Political Tradition: Vol. 1, Authority New Haven, CT: Yale University Press 578 pp., $35.00, ISBN 0-300-07822-6 Publication Date: June 2000

Kolnai, Aurel; ed. Daniel J. Mahoney “Privilege and Liberty” and Other Essays in Political Philosophy Lanham, MD: Lexington Books 187 pp., $65.00 cloth, $23.95 paper ISBN 0-7391-0076-9 cloth ISBN 0-7391-0077-7 paper Publication Date: January 2000     

Performing with words

Richard Bauman and Joel Sherzer, eds. Explorations in the Ethnography of Speaking. New York and London: Cambridge University Press, 1975. vii + 501 pp. Figures, tables, notes, references and index. $27.50 (cloth), $8.95 (paper).     

Book Reviews

Roman Sexualities. Edited by Judith P. Hallett and Marilyn B. Skinner (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997) x + 348 pp. $55.00 cloth, $19.95 paper.

The Collected Works of Eric Voegelin, Vol. 19: History of Political Ideas—Hellenism, Rome, and Early Christianity. Edited with an introduction by Athanasios Moulakis (Columbia and London: University of Missouri Press, 1997) 281 pp. $34.95 cloth.

Managing Knowledge: Experts, Agencies and Organizations. By Steven Albert and Keith Bradley (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997) xi + 215 pp. £40.00 cloth, £14.95 paper.

Projecting Illusion: Film Spectatorship and the Impression of Reality. By Richard Allen (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995). x + 176 pp. $54.95 cloth, $16.95 paper.

Chaucer in Context: Society, Allegory and Gender. By S. H. Rigby. Manchester Medieval Studies (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1996) xii + 205 pp. £35.00 cloth, £12.99 paper.

Jung's Seminar on Nietzsche's Zarathustra. By C.G. Jung, ed. James L. Jarrett, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998) xxviii + 393 pp. $17.95, £10.95 paper.

Love Between Women: Early Christian Responses to Female Homoeroticism. By Bernadette J. Brooten (Chicago & London: The University of Chicago Press, 1996) xxii + 412pp. £34.95, $27.95 cloth.

Political Communication Today. By Duncan Watts (Manchester: Manchester University Press) x + 228 pp. £40.00 cloth, £10.99 paper.

A Primer on German Enlightenment. By Sabine Roehr (Columbia and London: University of Missouri Press, 1995) xi + 282 pp. £36.95 cloth.

Sainthood in the Later Middle Ages. By André Vauchez. Trans. Jean Birrell (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998) xxvii + 645 pp. £65.00, $95.00 cloth.     

Women,development, and anthropology: Focus on production and reproduction

Charlton, Sue Ellen M. Women in Third World Development. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1984. xiv + 240 pp. including index and references. $30.00 cloth, $11.95 paper.

Anker, Richard, Mayra Buvinic, and Nadia H. Youssef, eds. Women's Roles and Population Trends in the Third World. London: Croom Helm, 1982. 287 pp. including index and references. $33.50 cloth.