THE TRAILS AND HARDSHIP OF CHOKHOR GYALTSEN

<正>Spring was in the air as our vehicle dashed along the rough mountain road that ran beside the Kathok River. The reporters inside soon found they were approaching Xuzhong Village of Xuzhong Town in Markham County. Chokhor Gyaltsen emerged from his family home.He was an elderly but energetic and slim man of 71.Though his face reflected his experience of all the changes in his world,his gaze was clear and penetrating.     

Gyalse Regime Contribution to the Maintenance of Communications Between China and the Western Regions

The Gyalse (rgyal-sras) regime of the Tubo tribesrose at the beginning of the 11th century.Its founder,Gyalse,was a Tubo chieftain of the He-Huang area,between the Yellow and the Huangshui Rivers in EastQinghai and West Gansu.A descendant of the TuboTsenpo royal family,and a leader of great talent andbold vision,he enjoyed the unwavering support of allhis tribesmen.Gyalse set out to conquer other tribesand bring the He-Huang area under his control,andsuccessfully subdued his enemies.He set up his regime,     

明王yu等兰陵倡和诗卷考述

“Lanling Duet Poems“was orginated from Wang and his poetic works.Wang was a native of Wujin ,Jiangsu Province,in the Ming Dynasty.He once servced as a sacrificial ceremony supervisor at the Nanjing Imperial College and Minister of Revenue of Nanjing . He was a knowledgeable official,with many famous works to his credit.The “duet Poems of Wnag and Et Al“is among the works by Wang and his friends .As little was left of his writings .this book is of great value.     

HORACE AND MAECENAS： A COMMENTARY ON SERMONES 2.6.1-76

The reader of Sermones Ⅱ who turns to Satire 6 fresh from Satires 1-5 cannot fail to be surprised. Up to this point in the collection we have grown accustomed to a speaker who is conspicuous by his virtual absence from his own work. The most distinctive feature of this new book of Sermones is, in fact, the virtual exclusion of Horace＇s own voice as he abdicates the satirical voice of Sermones Ⅰ to a range of other speakers in book II, presenting his material in an overtly dramatising form： either as monologue or diaiogue. Such remodelling of the form of satira is evident in the accelerating progress towards the dramatic form. in the sequence of five poems which opens Sermones II. In the programmatic satire which launches the collection, Horace, dissatisfied bv reaction to his .     

The Order of Sima Chengzhen and Wang Ziqiao: An Inquiry into the History of Shangqing Daoism in the Tiantai Mountains

Though small,this work is important for the study of Taoist history.It throws a better light on one of its major representatives,Sima Chengzhen 司马承祯(647-735),12th patriarch of the Shangqing 上清 tradition,a blooming Taoist school under the Tang (618-907).Ute Engelhardt had certainly already studied him notably with her translation of one of his principal texts on the breath technics;Livia Kohn too has worked on one of his short texts on meditation and Paul Kroll has written several articles on his poetry.But Thomas Jülch brings a new vision of this Taoist and his essential role on the legitimation of imperial power with the moving of the Shangqing tradition center to the Tiantai Mountains 天台山.     

BUDDHA＇S BLESSING WITH MERCIFUL RAIN - A Record of the Visit of the 1 lth Panchen Lama to Yushu

Editor＇s comments： After the Yushu earthquake of April 14th with a magnitude of 7.1, the 11th Panchen Lama sent a consolatory letter with his donation of 100 thousand Yuan to the people of all nationalities in Qinghai Province in conjunction with his requirement that all monks in the Tashilunpo Monastery （which is his home monastery） to pray for the victims of the disaster. On April 20th he held a religious convention in the Xihuangsi Temple in Beijing to release the souls of those people who lost their lives during the catastrophe from purgatory.     

Systemic Functional Linguistics’ Influence on the Communicative Approach

As the founder of systemic functional linguistics,Halliday once said the driving force of producing his linguistictheories is of education.Therefore,his theories have a great influ-ence on foreign language teaching and inspire the creation ofsome new teaching theories and methods.And this paper focuseson the influence produced by systemic functional linguistics up-on the communicative approach.     

Bao Shichen and Agrarian Reform in Early Nineteenth-Century China

Known primarily for his reformist proposals in the areas of military affairs, foreign policy, the salt monopoly, and the grain tribute system, the influential early nineteenth-century literatus Bao Shichen 包世臣 (1775–1855) also made throughout his life numerous suggestions regarding the improvement of agricultural practice and of rural life. Contrary to the arguments of his older contemporary Hong Liangji that the empire was facing an imminent demographic and provisioning crisis, Bao argued that there was ample possibility for increasing crop yields, and improving popular livelihoods, if a more rational approach was taken to cropping decisions, farm labor allocation, agricultural commercialization, and local-level social organization. Bao was fond of quantification, and, far more than Hong, employed statistical analysis (albeit crude) to bolster his arguments. Fundamentally committed to increasing the power and wealth of the imperial state in the face of threats both foreign and domestic, Bao was highly optimistic that this could be achieved simultaneously with fulfilling his other basic commitment, relieving what he saw as widespread popular immiseration.     

NEW BOOKS

A Study of the Political Landscape of Tibet During the Republic of China Considering the Tibetan political landscape in the early stages of the Qing Dynasty in conjunction with an analysis of the structure of the local Tibetan government(oligarchy,the two reincarnation systems:the Dalai system and Panchen system,both the secular and the clerical groups,the Dalai and his regent),Dr.Li Zhinong expounds his views on the relationship between local government and the central government.He comments that under ...     

Chairman Jiang Zemin Encouraged Me to Cultivate More Land

After the peaceful liberation of Tibet（in particular the opening up）,Nyima Ngodrup,by maintaining his genuinely diligent and honest disposition,immediately played a significant role in local grain production and his family became one of the biggest grain-growing households.He was even cited as the national labor model.In 1990,when Chairman Jiang Zemin visited Shigatse,he met Nyima Ngodrup and encouraged him to cultivate more land.Up to this time the former serf who could never previously dare to look his master of the Shika in the face,was for the first time experiencing the feeling of ownership before the State leader.     

翁同龢的文物收藏

In Chinese Modem history, Weng Tonghe is a man of importance. People often talk about his life, his experience of being the imperial teacher twice, and his artistic achievement. Moreover, he was an important connoisseur at that time, who not only appreciated and collected many precious antiquesin his lifetime, but also made further research on the antiques. He played an important role in the Chinese connoisseur and appreciation history.     

NEW BOOKS

My Stories in Tibet Liao Dongfan,author and renowned scholar in Tibetan studies (being particularly well- versed in Tibetan folklore and popular culture) headed to Tibet and began his career there after graduating from the Chinese Literature Department of Peking University in 1961.In his 24 years of work on the plateau he devoted his time to studying the popular culture and folklore of Tibetans.     

THE COLORFUL TIBETAN PAPER

<正>Papermaking technology is one of the four great inventions of China and also one of the outstanding inventions of civilization throughout human history.In A.D.105,Cai Lun,based on his study and analysis of his predecessors'technology on producing silk crystals,used     

NEW BOOKS

My Stories in Tibet Liao Dongfan,author and renowned scholar in Tibetan studies (being particularly well- versed in Tibetan folklore and popular culture) headed to Tibet and began his career there after graduating from the Chinese Literature Department of Peking University in 1961.In his 24 years of work on the plateau he devoted his time to studying the popular culture and folklore of Tibetans.     

The Analysis of Lin Yutang’s Humor

Lin Yutang is called the master humorist in China.He advocates humor and spiritual literature in his magazine Lun Yu(Analects)which attracts essays and readership.His informal but polished style in both Chinese and English makes him one of the most influential writers of his generation,and his compilations and translations of classic Chinese texts into English are bestsellers in the West.Humor is a distinctive feature in his works.In his book,he uses humor as he sees appropriate,and through humor he criticizes social realities,depicts characters and introduces original expressions,etc.His humor can be related to some aspects in his life.In this paper,I will briefly analysis Lin’s sense of humor and how Lin’applies humor in his works.     

PEOPLE SAFEGUARDING LIVES IN CHANGTANG GRASSLAND

<正>"Let me walk into the water and try it,"said Director Tsewang while he was rolling up his pants to his knees.He took out a shovel from the rear door of the car and walked towards the water.He tried to test the depth of the water by using his feet and moved forward slowly.With every step,he trod hard on the ground underwater and constantly used the shovel to clear the way.What he     

宗须村乡村教师索朗多吉

Overlooking the township of Chudogyang in Chusum County of Lhoka City,the snow on top of Mt.Rensum Gonpo was hanging on.It was April 14.A new week was about to start.Sonam Dorje,a primary school teacher in Dzongxu Village of Chudogyang,was riding his motorcycle on a country road.Thinking of the many things to attend to at the school,he hit the throttle.Every weekend,Sonam Dorje has to travel between his home in Jiangtang Village and the small learning center in Dzongxu Village at least once.     

NEW BOOKS

The Spiritual Highland - the Origin of the Folk Religion in Tibet The author,Lin Jifu,launched a major eight-year field study.Based on his materials collected first hand,he systematically depicted the historical formation and contemporary status of Tibetan folk religion.In his work,he describes     

PROPOSALS FROM SONAM GELEK

<正>Ngabo Ngawang Jigme was one of the most outstanding contributors to the cause of democratic reform in Tibet.On hearing the news of his passing,Sonam Gelek, deputy,director of the Committee on Ethnic and Religious Affairs of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference of the Tibet Autonomous Region,felt at his wit's end.His voice trembled as he said:"We Tibetans have lost our most excellent son.This is a major loss to our undertakings as well as a loss to the cause of ethnic affairs.I couldn't control my sadness."